US Code

Public Law 119-73 (01/23/2026)

10 U.S.C. § 2860

Availability of appropriations

Funds appropriated to a military department or to the Secretary of Defense for a fiscal year for military construction or military family housing purposes may remain available for obligation beyond such fiscal year to the extent provided in appropriation Acts.

Pub. L. 97–214, § 2(a)96 Stat. 167Pub. L. 99–167, title VIII, § 812(a)99 Stat. 991Pub. L. 99–173, § 121(b)99 Stat. 1029Pub. L. 99–661, div. A, title XIII, § 1343(a)(21)(A)100 Stat. 3994(Added , , ; amended , , ; , , ; , , .)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

Pub. L. 99–6611986— substituted “to the Secretary of Defense” for “defense agency”, inserted “for obligation” after “remains available”, and struck out “the” before “appropriation Acts”.

Pub. L. 99–1731985— substituted “Availability of appropriations” for “Availability of appropriations for five years” as section catchline, and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “Subject to the provisions of appropriation Acts, any funds appropriated to a military department or defense agency for the construction of military projects may be obligated for a military construction project or contract, or for any portion of such a project or contract, at any time before the end of the fourth fiscal year after the fiscal year for which funds for such project were appropriated if the funds obligated for such project (1) are obligated from funds available for military construction projects, and (2) do not exceed the amount appropriated for such project, plus any amount by which the cost of such project is increased pursuant to law.”

Pub. L. 99–167 struck out subsection designation “(a)” and “and except as otherwise provided under subsection (b)” after “provisions of appropriation Acts”, and struck out subsec. (b) which provided: “Should a requirement develop to obligate funds for a military construction project after the end of the fourth fiscal year after the fiscal year for which such funds were appropriated, such obligation may be made after the end of the 21-day period beginning on the date on which the appropriate committees of Congress receive notification of the need for such obligation and the reasons therefor.”

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1985 Amendments

Pub. L. 99–173, § 121(c)99 Stat. 1029

Public Law 99–103“The amendment made by subsection (b) [amending this section] shall apply to funds appropriated after the date of the enactment of [].”
, , , provided that:

Pub. L. 99–167, title VIII, § 812(b)99 Stat. 991

“The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply to funds appropriated after .”
, , , provided that:

Effective Date

section 12(a) of Pub. L. 97–214section 2801 of this titleFor effective date and applicability of section, see , set out as a note under .

Availability of Appropriations for Five Years

Pub. L. 109–114, title I, § 117119 Stat. 2378, , , which provided that any funds made available to a military department or defense agency for the construction of military projects could be obligated for a military construction project or contract, or for any portion of such a project or contract, at any time before the end of the fourth fiscal year after the fiscal year for which funds for such project were made available, if the funds obligated for such project: (1) were obligated from funds available for military construction projects; and (2) did not exceed the amount appropriated for such project, plus any amount by which the cost of such project is increased pursuant to law, was from the Military Construction, Military Quality of Life and Veterans Affairs Appropriations Act, 2006 and was repeated in provisions of subsequent appropriations acts which are not set out in the Code. Similar provisions were also contained in the following prior appropriations acts:

Pub. L. 108–324, div. A, § 117118 Stat. 1227, , .

Pub. L. 108–132, § 117117 Stat. 1380, , .

Pub. L. 107–249, § 117116 Stat. 1583, , .

Pub. L. 107–64, § 117115 Stat. 479, , .

Pub. L. 106–246, div. A, § 117114 Stat. 516, , .

Pub. L. 106–52, § 117113 Stat. 264, , .

Pub. L. 105–237, § 117112 Stat. 1558, , .

Pub. L. 105–45, § 117111 Stat. 1147, , .

Pub. L. 104–196, § 117110 Stat. 2391, , .

Pub. L. 104–32, § 117109 Stat. 289, , .

Pub. L. 103–307, § 118108 Stat. 1664, , .

Pub. L. 103–110, § 118107 Stat. 1043, , .

Pub. L. 102–380, § 119106 Stat. 1371, , .

Pub. L. 102–136, § 119105 Stat. 643, , .

Pub. L. 101–519, § 119104 Stat. 2246, , .

Pub. L. 101–148, § 121103 Stat. 925, , .

Pub. L. 100–447, § 124102 Stat. 1835, , .

Transfer of Funds for Foreign Currency Fluctuations

Pub. L. 108–132, § 118117 Stat. 1380, , , which provided that during the 5-year period after appropriations available to the Department of Defense for military construction and family housing operation and maintenance and construction have expired for obligation, upon a determination that such appropriations would not be necessary for the liquidation of obligations or for making authorized adjustments to such appropriations for obligations incurred during the period of availability of such appropriations, unobligated balances of such appropriations could be transferred into the appropriation “Foreign Currency Fluctuations, Construction, Defense” to be merged with and to be available for the same time period and for the same purposes as the appropriation to which transferred, was from the Military Construction Appropriations Act, 2005 and was repeated in provisions of subsequent appropriations acts which are not set out in the Code. Similar provisions were also contained in the following prior appropriations acts:

Pub. L. 107–249, § 118116 Stat. 1584, , .

Pub. L. 107–64, § 118115 Stat. 480, , .

Pub. L. 106–246, div. A, § 118114 Stat. 516, , .

Pub. L. 106–52, § 118113 Stat. 264, , .

Pub. L. 105–237, § 118112 Stat. 1559, , .

Pub. L. 105–45, § 118111 Stat. 1147, , .

Pub. L. 104–196, § 118110 Stat. 2392, , .

Pub. L. 104–32, § 118109 Stat. 289, , .

Pub. L. 103–307, § 119108 Stat. 1665, , .

Pub. L. 103–110, § 120107 Stat. 1043, , .

Pub. L. 102–380, § 121106 Stat. 1372, , .

Pub. L. 102–136, § 122105 Stat. 643, , .

Pub. L. 99–500, § 101(k) [title I, § 121]100 Stat. 1783–287Pub. L. 99–591, § 101(k) [title I, § 121]100 Stat. 3341–287Pub. L. 102–136, § 122105 Stat. 643

section 1552(a)(1) of title 31ProvidedProvided furtherProvided furtherProvided furtherProvided furtherProvided furtherProvided further“For Transfer by the Secretary of Defense to and from appropriations and funds not merged pursuant to sub of the United States Code and available for obligation or expenditure during fiscal year 1987 or thereafter, for military construction or expenses of family housing for the military departments and Defense agencies, in order to maintain the budgeted level of operations for such appropriations and thereby eliminate substantial gains and losses to such appropriations caused by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates that vary substantially from those used in preparing budget submissions, an appropriation, to remain available until expended: , That funds transferred from this appropriation shall be merged with and be available for the same purpose, and for the same time period, as the appropriation or fund to which transferred, and funds transferred to this appropriation shall be merged with, and available for the purpose of this appropriation until expended: , That transfers may be made from time to time from this appropriation to the extent the Secretary of Defense determines it may be necessary to do so to reflect downward fluctuations in the currency exchange rates from those used in preparing the budget submissions for such appropriations, but transfers shall be made from such appropriations to this appropriation to reflect upward fluctuations in currency exchange rates to prevent substantial net gains in such appropriations: , That authorizations or limitations now or hereafter contained within appropriations or other provisions of law limiting the amounts that may be obligated or expended for military construction and family housing expenses are hereby increased to the extent necessary to reflect downward fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates from those used in preparing the applicable budget submission: , That for the purposes of the appropriation ‘Foreign Currency Fluctuations, Construction, Defense’ the foreign currency rates used in preparing budget submissions shall be the foreign currency exchange rates as adjusted or modified, as reflected in applicable Committee reports on the Acts making appropriations for military construction for the Department of Defense: , That the Secretary of Defense shall provide an annual report to the Congress on all transfers made to or made from this appropriation: , That contracts or other obligations entered into payable in foreign currencies may be recorded as obligations based on the currency exchange rates used in preparing budget submissions and adjustments to reflect fluctuations in such rates may be recorded as disbursements are made: , That, at the discretion of the Secretary of Defense, any savings generated in the military construction and family housing programs may be transferred to this appropriation.”
, , , 1783–293, and , , , 3341–293, as amended by , , , provided that: