18 U.S.C. § 3156 | Definitions

(a)

As used in sections 3141–3150 of this chapter—

(1)

section 3041 of this title the term “judicial officer” means, unless otherwise indicated, any person or court authorized pursuant to , or the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, to detain or release a person before trial or sentencing or pending appeal in a court of the United States, and any judge of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia;

(2)

the term “offense” means any criminal offense, other than an offense triable by court-martial, military commission, provost court, or other military tribunal, which is in violation of an Act of Congress and is triable in any court established by Act of Congress;

(3)

the term “felony” means an offense punishable by a maximum term of imprisonment of more than one year;

(4)

the term “crime of violence” means—

(A)

an offense that has as an element of the offense the use, attempted use, or threatened use of physical force against the person or property of another;

(B)

any other offense that is a felony and that, by its nature, involves a substantial risk that physical force against the person or property of another may be used in the course of committing the offense; or

(C)

any felony under chapter 77, 109A, 110, or 117; and

(5)

the term “State” includes a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, and any commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States.

(b)

As used in sections 3152–3155 of this chapter—

(1)

(2)

the term “offense” means any Federal criminal offense which is in violation of any Act of Congress and is triable by any court established by Act of Congress (other than a Class B or C misdemeanor or an infraction, or an offense triable by court-martial, military commission, provost court, or other military tribunal).

Pub. L. 93–619, title II, § 201Jan. 3, 197588 Stat. 2088 Pub. L. 98–473, title IIOct. 12, 198498 Stat. 1985 Pub. L. 99–646, § 55(i)Nov. 10, 1986100 Stat. 3610 Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40501Sept. 13, 1994108 Stat. 1945 Pub. L. 104–294, title VI, § 607(i)Oct. 11, 1996110 Stat. 3512 Pub. L. 105–314, title VI, § 601Oct. 30, 1998112 Stat. 2982 Pub. L. 114–22, title I, § 112May 29, 2015129 Stat. 240(Added , , ; amended , §§ 203(c), 223(h), , , 2029; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , .)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

Pub. L. 114–222015—Subsec. (a)(4)(C). inserted “77,” after “chapter”.

Pub. L. 105–3141998—Subsec. (a)(4)(C). added subpar. (C) and struck out former subpar. (C) which read as follows: “any felony under chapter 109A or chapter 110; and”.

Pub. L. 104–2941996—Subsec. (a)(5). added par. (5).

Pub. L. 103–3221994—Subsec. (a)(4)(C). added subpar. (C).

Pub. L. 99–6461986—Subsec. (a). substituted “the term” for “The term” in pars. (1) to (4) and struck out “and” after “Congress;” in par. (2).

Pub. L. 98–473, § 203(c)(1)1984—Subsec. (a). , substituted “3141” for “3146” in provision preceding par. (1).

Pub. L. 98–473, § 203(c)(2)Subsec. (a)(1). , substituted “to detain or release” for “to bail or otherwise release” and struck out “and” after “District of Columbia;”.

Pub. L. 98–473, § 203(c)(3)Subsec. (a)(3), (4). , (4), added pars. (3) and (4).

Pub. L. 98–473, § 203(c)(5)Subsec. (b)(1). , substituted “to detain or release” for “to bail or otherwise release”.

Pub. L. 98–473, § 223(h)section 1(3) of this titleSubsec. (b)(2). , substituted “Class B or C misdemeanor or an infraction” for “petty offense as defined in ”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Pub. L. 99–646Nov. 10, 1986section 55(j) of Pub. L. 99–646 section 3141 of this titleAmendment by effective 30 days after , see , set out as a note under .

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

section 223(h) of Pub. L. 98–473Nov. 1, 1987section 235(a)(1) of Pub. L. 98–473 section 3551 of this titleAmendment by effective , and applicable only to offenses committed after the taking effect of such amendment, see , set out as an Effective Date note under .