19 U.S.C. § 1526 | Merchandise bearing American trade-mark

(a)

Importation prohibited

Except as provided in subsection (d) of this section, it shall be unlawful to import into the United States any merchandise of foreign manufacture if such merchandise, or the label, sign, print, package, wrapper, or receptacle, bears a trademark owned by a citizen of, or by a corporation or association created or organized within, the United States, and registered in the Patent and Trademark Office by a person domiciled in the United States, under the provisions of sections 81 to 109 of title 15, and if a copy of the certificate of registration of such trademark is filed with the Secretary of the Treasury, in the manner provided in section 106 of said title 15, unless written consent of the owner of such trademark is produced at the time of making entry.

(b)

Seizure and forfeiture

Any such merchandise imported into the United States in violation of the provisions of this section shall be subject to seizure and forfeiture for violation of the customs laws.

(c)

Injunction and damages

Any person dealing in any such merchandise may be enjoined from dealing therein within the United States or may be required to export or destroy such merchandise or to remove or obliterate such trademark and shall be liable for the same damages and profits provided for wrongful use of a trade-mark, under the provisions of sections 81 to 109 of title 15.

(d)

Exemptions; publication in Federal Register; forfeitures; rules and regulations

(1)

section 1124 of title 15 The trademark provisions of this section and , do not apply to the importation of articles accompanying any person arriving in the United States when such articles are for his personal use and not for sale if (A) such articles are within the limits of types and quantities determined by the Secretary pursuant to paragraph (2) of this subsection, and (B) such person has not been granted an exemption under this subsection within thirty days immediately preceding his arrival.

(2)

The Secretary shall determine and publish in the Federal Register lists of the types of articles and the quantities of each which shall be entitled to the exemption provided by this subsection. In determining such quantities of particular types of trade-marked articles, the Secretary shall give such consideration as he deems necessary to the numbers of such articles usually purchased at retail for personal use.

(3)

If any article which has been exempted from the restrictions on importation of the trade-mark laws under this subsection is sold within one year after the date of importation, such article, or its value (to be recovered from the importer), is subject to forfeiture. A sale pursuant to a judicial order or in liquidation of the estate of a decedent is not subject to the provisions of this paragraph.

(4)

The Secretary may prescribe such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this subsection.

(e)

Merchandise bearing counterfeit mark; seizure and forfeiture; disposition of seized goods

section 1127 of title 15 section 1124 of title 15Any such merchandise bearing a counterfeit mark (within the meaning of ) imported into the United States in violation of the provisions of , shall be seized and, in the absence of the written consent of the trademark owner, forfeited for violations of the customs laws. Upon seizure of such merchandise, the Secretary shall notify the owner of the trademark, and shall, after forfeiture, destroy the merchandise. Alternatively, if the merchandise is not unsafe or a hazard to health, and the Secretary has the consent of the trademark owner, the Secretary may obliterate the trademark where feasible and dispose of the goods seized—

(1)

by delivery to such Federal, State, and local government agencies as in the opinion of the Secretary have a need for such merchandise,

(2)

by gift to such eleemosynary institutions as in the opinion of the Secretary have a need for such merchandise, or

(3)

more than 90 days after the date of forfeiture, by sale by the Customs Service at public auction under such regulations as the Secretary prescribes, except that before making any such sale the Secretary shall determine that no Federal, State, or local government agency or eleemosynary institution has established a need for such merchandise under paragraph (1) or (2).

(f)

Civil penalties

(1)

Any person who directs, assists financially or otherwise, or aids and abets the importation of merchandise for sale or public distribution that is seized under subsection (e) shall be subject to a civil fine.

(2)

For the first such seizure, the fine shall be not more than the value that the merchandise would have had if it were genuine, according to the manufacturer’s suggested retail price, determined under regulations promulgated by the Secretary.

(3)

For the second seizure and thereafter, the fine shall be not more than twice the value that the merchandise would have had if it were genuine, as determined under regulations promulgated by the Secretary.

(4)

The imposition of a fine under this subsection shall be within the discretion of the Customs Service, and shall be in addition to any other civil or criminal penalty or other remedy authorized by law.

June 17, 1930, ch. 497 46 Stat. 741 Pub. L. 93–596, § 3Jan. 2, 197588 Stat. 1949 Pub. L. 95–410, title II, § 211(a)Oct. 3, 197892 Stat. 903 Pub. L. 103–182, title VI, § 663Dec. 8, 1993107 Stat. 2214 Pub. L. 104–153July 2, 1996110 Stat. 1388(, title IV, § 526, ; , , ; , (c), , ; , , ; , §§ 9, 10, , .)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

act July 5, 1946, ch. 540, § 46(a)61 Stat. 444Sections 81 to 109 of title 15, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (c), were repealed by , . See sections 1051 to 1127, respectively, of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

Section 106 of title 15 act July 15, 1946, ch. 540, § 46(a)60 Stat. 444 section 1124 of Title 15, referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by , . See .

Prior Provisions

act Sept. 21, 1922, ch. 356, title IV, § 526 42 Stat. 975June 17, 1930Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in , . That section was superseded by section 526 of act , comprising this section, and repealed by section 651(a)(1) of the 1930 act.

Amendments

Pub. L. 104–153, § 91996—Subsec. (e). , inserted “destroy the merchandise. Alternatively, if the merchandise is not unsafe or a hazard to health, and the Secretary has the consent of the trademark owner, the Secretary may” after “shall, after forfeiture,” in second sentence, inserted “or” at end of par. (2), substituted period for “, or” at end of par. (3), and struck out par. (4) which read as follows: “if the merchandise is unsafe or a hazard to health, by destruction.”

Pub. L. 104–153, § 10Subsec. (f). , added subsec. (f).

Pub. L. 103–1821993—Subsec. (e)(3). substituted “90 days” for “1 year” and “the Customs Service” for “appropriate customs officers”.

Pub. L. 95–410, § 211(a)(1)1978—Subsec. (a). , substituted “Except as provided in subsection (d) of this section, it” for “It”.

Pub. L. 95–410, § 211(a)(2)Subsec. (d). , added subsec. (d).

Pub. L. 95–410, § 211(c)Subsec. (e). , added subsec. (e).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Pub. L. 93–596, § 3Jan. 2, 197588 Stat. 1949 section 1 of Title 35“Patent and Trademark Office” substituted for “Patent Office” in subsec. (a) pursuant to , , , set out as a note under , Patents.

Transfer of Functions

November 25, 2002section 542 of Title 6 Pub. L. 107–296Nov. 25, 2002section 211 of Title 6 Pub. L. 114–125 section 802(b) of Pub. L. 114–125 section 211 of Title 6For transfer of functions, personnel, assets, and liabilities of the United States Customs Service of the Department of the Treasury, including functions of the Secretary of the Treasury relating thereto, to the Secretary of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 203(1), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of , as modified, set out as a note under . For establishment of U.S. Customs and Border Protection in the Department of Homeland Security, treated as if included in as of , see , as amended generally by , and , set out as a note under .