31 U.S.C. § 5301 | Buying obligations of the United States Government

(a)

The President may direct the Secretary of the Treasury to make an agreement with the Federal reserve banks and the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System when the President decides that the foreign commerce of the United States is affected adversely because—

(1)

the value of coins and currency of a foreign country compared to the present standard value of gold is depreciating;

(2)

action is necessary to regulate and maintain the parity of United States coins and currency;

(3)

an economic emergency requires an expansion of credit; or

(4)

an expansion of credit is necessary so that the United States Government and the governments of other countries can stabilize the value of coins and currencies of a country.

(b)

Under an agreement under subsection (a) of this section, the Board shall permit the banks (and the Board is authorized to permit the banks notwithstanding another law) to agree that the banks will—

(1)

conduct through each entire specified period open market operations in obligations of the United States Government or corporations in which the Government is the majority stockholder; and

(2)

buy directly and hold an additional $3,000,000,000 of obligations of the Government for each agreed period, unless the Secretary consents to the sale of the obligations before the end of the period.

(c)

With the approval of the Secretary, the Board may require Federal reserve banks to take action the Secretary and Board consider necessary to prevent unreasonable credit expansion.

Pub. L. 97–258Sept. 13, 198296 Stat. 993(, , .)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section	Source (U.S. Code)	Source (Statutes at Large)
5301(a), (b)	31:821(less (a)(last sentence)).	May 12, 1933, ch. 25, § 43(less (b)(1)(last sentence)), 48 Stat. 51; Jan. 30, 1934, ch. 6, § 12, 48 Stat. 342; Jan. 23, 1937, ch. 5, § 2, 50 Stat. 4; July 6, 1939, ch. 260, § 3, 53 Stat. 998; June 30, 1941, ch. 265, § 2, 55 Stat. 396; June 12, 1945, ch. 186, § 4, 59 Stat. 238; Mar. 18, 1968, Pub. L. 90–269, § 9, 82 Stat. 50.
5301(c)	31:821(a)(last sentence).

In subsection (a), before clause (1), the text of 31:821(b)(matter before (1)) is omitted as obsolete because clause (1) is omitted as executed, and clause (2) is omitted as expired. The text of 31:821(b)(matter after (2)) is omitted as obsolete because silver is no longer coined. The words “in his discretion” and “several” are omitted as surplus. The words “Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System” are substituted for “Federal Reserve Board” because of 12:241. The words “upon investigation” are omitted as surplus. In clause (1), the word “foreign” is substituted for “of any other government or governments” to eliminate unnecessary words. The words “coins and” are added for consistency. In clause (2), the words “United States coins and currency” are substituted for “currency issues of the United States” for consistency. In clause (4), the words “so that the United States Government and the governments of other countries can stabilize” are substituted for “to secure by international agreement a stabilization” for clarity. The words “at proper levels” are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b), before clause (1), the words “(and the Board is authorized to permit the banks notwithstanding another law)” are substituted for “notwithstanding any provisions of law or rules and regulations to the contrary” for clarity. In clause (1), the words “pursuant to existing law” are omitted as surplus. The words “through each entire” are substituted for “throughout” for clarity. In clause (2), the words “in portfolio”, “or periods of time Treasury bills or other” and “in an aggregate sum of” are omitted as surplus.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title of 2021 Amendment

Pub. L. 116–283, div. F, § 6001Jan. 1, 2021134 Stat. 4547

“This division [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2020’.”

, , , provided that:

Pub. L. 116–283, div. F, title LXIV, § 6401Jan. 1, 2021134 Stat. 4604

section 5336 of this title“This title [enacting , amending sections 5321 and 5322 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 5311 and 5336 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Corporate Transparency Act’.”

, , , provided that:

Pub. L. 116–283, div. H, title XCVII, § 9711Jan. 1, 2021134 Stat. 4838

Pub. L. 116–283“This subtitle [subtitle B (§§ 9711–9714) of title XCVII of div. H of , enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 5311 and 5318A of this title] may be cited as the ‘Combating Russian Money Laundering Act’.”

, , , provided that:

Short Title of 2006 Amendment

Pub. L. 109–347, title VIII, § 801Oct. 13, 2006120 Stat. 1952

section 5361 of this title“This title [enacting sections 5361 to 5367 of this title and provisions set out as a note under ] may be cited as the ‘Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act of 2006’.”

, , , provided that:

Short Title of 2004 Amendment

Pub. L. 108–458, title VI, § 6201Dec. 17, 2004118 Stat. 3745

Pub. L. 108–458 section 1681v of Title 15 section 262p–4r of Title 22 section 1828 of Title 12 section 5311 of this title“This subtitle [subtitle C (§§ 6201–6205) of title VI of , amending sections 310, 5312, 5318, 5318A, 5324, and 5332 of this title, sections 1828, 1829b, and 1953 of Title 12, Banks and Banking, , Commerce and Trade, and , Foreign Relations and Intercourse, enacting provisions set out as a note under , amending provisions set out as notes under sections 310, 5311, and 5331 of this title and sections 1828 and 1842 of Title 12, and repealing provisions set out as a note under ] may be cited as the ‘International Money Laundering Abatement and Financial Antiterrorism Technical Corrections Act of 2004’.”

, , , provided that:

Short Title of 2001 Amendment

Pub. L. 107–56, title III, § 301Oct. 26, 2001115 Stat. 296

section 1681v of Title 15 section 262p–4r of Title 22 section 1681u of Title 15 section 853 of Title 21 section 310 of this title section 983 of Title 18“This title [enacting sections 310, 5318A, 5331, and 5332 of this title, , Commerce and Trade, and , Foreign Relations and Intercourse, amending sections 5311, 5312, 5317, 5318, 5319, 5321, 5322, 5324, 5326, 5328, 5330, and 5341 of this title, sections 248, 1828, 1829b, 1842, 1953, 3412, 3414, and 3420 of Title 12, Banks and Banking, , sections 470 to 474, 476 to 484, 493, 981 to 983, 1029, 1956, and 1960 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, , Food and Drugs, and sections 2466 and 2467 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, renumbering former as section 311, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 310, 5311, 5313, 5314, 5318, 5331, and 5332 of this title, sections 1828, 1829b, and 1842 of Title 12, and ] may be cited as the ‘International Money Laundering Abatement and Financial Anti-Terrorism Act of 2001’.”

, , , provided that:

Short Title of 1998 Amendment

Pub. L. 105–310, § 1Oct. 30, 1998112 Stat. 2941

section 5342 of this title“This Act [enacting subchapter III of this chapter and provisions set out as a note under ] may be cited as the ‘Money Laundering and Financial Crimes Strategy Act of 1998’.”

, , , provided that:

Short Title of 1994 Amendment

Pub. L. 103–325, title IV, § 401Sept. 23, 1994108 Stat. 2243

section 5330 of this title“This title [enacting , amending sections 5312, 5313, 5318, 5321, 5322, and 5324 of this title, sections 93, 1464, 1772d, 1786, 1818, and 1821 of Title 12, Banks and Banking, and sections 984, 986, 1956, 1957, and 1960 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 5311, 5313, 5318, and 5330 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Money Laundering Suppression Act of 1994’.”

, , , provided that: