General rule
section 8401(12) of title 5Except as otherwise specifically provided in this section, the provisions of chapter 84 of title 5 shall apply in the case of an employee of the Agency who is subject to chapter 84 of title 5 and who has a former spouse (as defined in ) or a qualified former spouse.
Definitions
Employee
section 2152(a) of this titleThe term “employee” means an employee of the Agency who is subject to chapter 84 of title 5, including an employee referred to in .
Qualified former spouse
Pro rata share
The term “pro rata share” means the percentage that is equal to (A) the number of days of the marriage of the qualified former spouse to the employee during the employee’s periods of creditable service under chapter 84 of title 5, divided by (B) the total number of days of the employee’s creditable service.
Spousal agreement
Court order
The term “court order” means any court decree of divorce, annulment or legal separation, or any court order or court-approved property settlement agreement incident to such court decree of divorce, annulment, or legal separation.
Entitlement of qualified former spouse to retirement benefits
Entitlement
In general
Unless otherwise expressly provided by a spousal agreement or court order governing disposition of benefits payable under subchapter II or V of chapter 84 of title 5, a qualified former spouse of an employee is entitled to a share (determined under subparagraph (B)) of all benefits otherwise payable to such employee under subchapter II or V of chapter 84 of title 5.
Amount of share
Annuity supplement
The benefits payable to an employee under subchapter II of chapter 84 of title 5 shall include, for purposes of this subsection, any annuity supplement payable to such employee under sections 8421 and 8421a of such title.
Disqualification upon remarriage before age 55
A qualified former spouse shall not be entitled to any benefit under this subsection if, before the commencement of any benefit, the qualified former spouse remarries before becoming 55 years of age.
Commencement and termination
Commencement
Termination
Payments to retired employees
Calculation of survivor annuity
Reduction in basic pay upon recall to service
section 2152(c) of this titleIf a retired employee whose annuity is reduced under paragraph (1) is recalled to service under , the basic pay of that annuitant shall be reduced by the same amount as the annuity would have been reduced if it had continued. Amounts equal to the reductions under this subparagraph shall be deposited in the Treasury of the United States to the credit of the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund.
Special rules for disability annuitants
Pro rata share in case of employees transferred to FERS
Treatment of pro rata share under title 26
For purposes of title 26, payments to a qualified former spouse under this subsection shall be treated as income to the qualified former spouse and not to the employee.
Qualified former spouse survivor benefits
Entitlement
In general
section 8416(a) of title 5Subject to an election under , and unless otherwise expressly provided by any spousal agreement or court order governing survivor benefits payable under this subsection to a qualified former spouse, such former spouse is entitled to a share, determined under subparagraph (B), of all survivor benefits that would otherwise be payable under subchapter IV of chapter 84 of title 5 to an eligible surviving spouse of the employee.
Amount of share
Survivor benefits
Disqualification upon remarriage before age 55
A qualified former spouse shall not be entitled to any benefit under this subsection if, before commencement of any benefit, the qualified former spouse remarries before becoming 55 years of age.
Restoration
Modification of court order or spousal agreement
A modification in a court order or spousal agreement to adjust a qualified former spouse’s share of the survivor benefits shall not be effective if issued after the retirement or death of the employee, former employee, or annuitant, whichever occurs first.
Effect of termination of qualified former spouse’s entitlement
section 8418 of title 5After a qualified former spouse of a retired employee remarries before becoming age 55 or dies, the reduction in the retired employee’s annuity for the purpose of providing a survivor annuity for such former spouse shall be terminated. The annuitant may elect, in a signed writing received by the Director within 2 years after the qualified former spouse’s remarriage or death, to continue the reduction in order to provide or increase the survivor annuity for such annuitant’s spouse. The annuitant making such election shall pay a deposit in accordance with the provisions of .
Pro rata share in case of employees transferred to FERS
Qualified former spouse Thrift Savings Plan benefit
Entitlement
In general
Unless otherwise expressly provided by a spousal agreement or court order governing disposition of the balance of an account in the Thrift Savings Fund under subchapter III of chapter 84 of title 5, a qualified former spouse of an employee is entitled to a share (determined under subparagraph (B)) of the balance in the employee’s account in the Thrift Savings Fund on the date the divorce of the qualified former spouse and employee becomes final.
Amount of share
The share referred to in subparagraph (A) equals 50 percent of the employee’s account balance in the Thrift Savings Fund that accrued during the period of marriage. For purposes of this subsection, the employee’s account balance shall not include the amount of any outstanding loan.
Payment of benefit
Time of payment
The entitlement of a qualified former spouse under paragraph (1) shall be effective on the date the divorce of the qualified former spouse and employee becomes final. The qualified former spouse’s benefit shall be payable after the date on which the Director receives the divorce decree or any applicable court order or spousal agreement, together with such additional information or documentation as the Director may require.
Method of payment
The qualified former spouse’s benefit under this subsection shall be paid in a lump sum.
Limitation
A spousal agreement or court order may not provide for payment to a qualified former spouse under this subsection of an amount that exceeds the employee’s account balance in the Thrift Savings Fund.
Death of qualified former spouse
If the qualified former spouse dies before payment of the benefit provided under this subsection, such payment shall be made to the estate of the qualified former spouse.
Bar to recovery
Any payment under this subsection to an individual bars recovery by any other individual.
Closed account
section 8433 of title 5No payment under this subsection may be made by the Director if the date on which the divorce becomes final is after the date on which the total amount of the employee’s account balance has been withdrawn or transferred, or the date on which an annuity contract has been purchased, in accordance with .
Preservation of rights of qualified former spouses
An employee may not make an election or modification of election under section 8417 or 8418 of title 5, or other section relating to the employee’s annuity under subchapter II of chapter 84 of title 5, that would diminish the entitlement of a qualified former spouse to any benefit granted to such former spouse by this section or by court order or spousal agreement.
Payment of share of lump-sum credit
section 8424(a) of title 5Whenever an employee or former employee becomes entitled to receive the lump-sum credit under , a share (determined under subsection (c)(1)(B) of this section) of that lump-sum credit shall be paid to any qualified former spouse of such employee, unless otherwise expressly provided by any spousal agreement or court order governing disposition of the lump-sum credit involved.
Payment to qualified former spouses under court order or spousal agreement
Applicability of CIARDS former spouse benefits
Pub. L. 88–643, title III, § 304Pub. L. 102–496, title VIII, § 802106 Stat. 3244Pub. L. 103–178, title II, § 202(a)(15)107 Stat. 2027Pub. L. 118–31, div. G, title IX, § 7901(d)(4)137 Stat. 1106(, as added , , ; amended , , ; , , .)
Editorial Notes
References in Text
section 302(a) of Pub. L. 99–335section 8331 of Title 5Section 302(a) of the Federal Employees’ Retirement System Act of 1986, referred to in subsecs. (c)(7)(A), (B), (d)(7)(A), (B)(i), and (i)(2)(B), is , which is set out as a note under , Government Organization and Employees.
Prior Provisions
section 304 of Pub. L. 88–643Pub. L. 99–335, title V, § 506100 Stat. 626Pub. L. 100–178, title IV, § 402(b)(2)101 Stat. 1014Pub. L. 102–183, title III, § 309(a)105 Stat. 1266section 403 of this titlePub. L. 88–643section 802 of Pub. L. 102–496A prior , as added , , ; amended , , ; , , , related to special rules for former spouses and was set out as a note under prior to the general amendment of by .
Amendments
Pub. L. 118–31, § 7901(d)(4)(A)2023—Subsec. (c)(1)(B)(i). , substituted “title 5” for “title 50”.
Pub. L. 118–31, § 7901(d)(4)(B)Subsec. (c)(5)(A)(ii). , substituted “section 8442” for “sections 8442”.
Pub. L. 103–1781993—Subsec. (i)(1). substituted “section 2002(a)(4)” for “section 2002(a)(3)”.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 1993 Amendment
Pub. L. 103–178section 202(b) of Pub. L. 103–178section 2001 of this titleAmendment by effective , see , set out as a note under .
Effective Date
section 805 of Pub. L. 102–496section 2001 of this titleSection effective on first day of fourth month beginning after , see , set out as a note under .