42 U.S.C. 5122Whoever, having devised or intending to devise any scheme or artifice to defraud, or for obtaining money or property by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations, or promises, or to sell, dispose of, loan, exchange, alter, give away, distribute, supply, or furnish or procure for unlawful use any counterfeit or spurious coin, obligation, security, or other article, or anything represented to be or intimated or held out to be such counterfeit or spurious article, for the purpose of executing such scheme or artifice or attempting so to do, places in any post office or authorized depository for mail matter, any matter or thing whatever to be sent or delivered by the Postal Service, or deposits or causes to be deposited any matter or thing whatever to be sent or delivered by any private or commercial interstate carrier, or takes or receives therefrom, any such matter or thing, or knowingly causes to be delivered by mail or such carrier according to the direction thereon, or at the place at which it is directed to be delivered by the person to whom it is addressed, any such matter or thing, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both. If the violation occurs in relation to, or involving any benefit authorized, transported, transmitted, transferred, disbursed, or paid in connection with, a presidentially declared major disaster or emergency (as those terms are defined in section 102 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act ()), or affects a financial institution, such person shall be fined not more than $1,000,000 or imprisoned not more than 30 years, or both.
June 25, 1948, ch. 645 62 Stat. 763 May 24, 1949, ch. 139, § 34 63 Stat. 94 Pub. L. 91–37584 Stat. 778 Pub. L. 101–73, title IX, § 961(i)103 Stat. 500 Pub. L. 101–647, title XXV, § 2504(h)104 Stat. 4861 Pub. L. 103–322, title XXV, § 250006108 Stat. 2087 Pub. L. 107–204, title IX, § 903(a)116 Stat. 805 Pub. L. 110–179, § 4121 Stat. 2557 (, ; , ; , § (6)(j)(11), , ; , , ; , , ; , title XXXIII, § 330016(1)(H), , , 2147; , , ; , , .)
Historical and Revision Notes
Act1948
Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 215 35 Stat. 1130 Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 338 (, ).
The obsolete argot of the underworld was deleted as suggested by Hon. Emerich B. Freed, United States district judge, in a paper read before the 1944 Judicial Conference for the sixth circuit in which he said:
A brief reference to § 1341, which proposes to reenact the present section covering the use of the mails to defraud. This section is almost a page in length, is involved, and contains a great deal of superfluous language, including such terms as “sawdust swindle, green articles, green coin, green goods and green cigars.” This section could be greatly simplified, and now-meaningless language eliminated.
The other surplusage was likewise eliminated and the section simplified without change of meaning.
section 2 of this titleA reference to causing to be placed any letter, etc. in any post office, or station thereof, etc. was omitted as unnecessary because of definition of “principal” in .
Act1949
section 1341 of title 18This section [section 34] corrects a typographical error in , U.S.C.
Editorial Notes
Amendments
Pub. L. 110–17942 U.S.C. 51222008— inserted “occurs in relation to, or involving any benefit authorized, transported, transmitted, transferred, disbursed, or paid in connection with, a presidentially declared major disaster or emergency (as those terms are defined in section 102 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act ()), or” after “If the violation”.
Pub. L. 107–2042002— substituted “20 years” for “five years”.
Pub. L. 103–322, § 330016(1)(H)1994—, substituted “fined under this title” for “fined not more than $1,000” after “thing, shall be”.
Pub. L. 103–322, § 250006, inserted “or deposits or causes to be deposited any matter or thing whatever to be sent or delivered by any private or commercial interstate carrier,” after “Postal Service,” and “or such carrier” after “causes to be delivered by mail”.
Pub. L. 101–6471990— substituted “30” for “20” before “years”.
Pub. L. 101–731989— inserted at end “If the violation affects a financial institution, such person shall be fined not more than $1,000,000 or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both.”
Pub. L. 91–3751970— substituted “Postal Service” for “Post Office Department”.
1949—Act , substituted “of” for “or” after “dispose”.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 1970 Amendment
Pub. L. 91–375section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375section 101 of Title 39Amendment by effective within 1 year after , on date established therefor by Board of Governors of United States Postal Service and published by it in Federal Register, see , set out as an Effective Date note preceding , Postal Service.
Short Title of 2002 Amendment
Pub. L. 107–204, title IX, § 901116 Stat. 804