2 U.S.C. § 1331 | Rights and protections under Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 relating to public services and accommodations; procedures for remedy of violations

(a)

Entities subject to this section

The requirements of this section shall apply to—

(1)

each office of the Senate, including each office of a Senator and each committee;

(2)

each office of the House of Representatives, including each office of a Member of the House of Representatives and each committee;

(3)

each joint committee of the Congress;

(4)

the Office of Congressional Accessibility Services;

(5)

the Capitol Police;

(6)

the Congressional Budget Office;

(7)

the Office of the Architect of the Capitol (including the Botanic Garden);

(8)

the Office of the Attending Physician;

(9)

the Office of Congressional Workplace Rights;

(10)

the Office of Technology Assessment; and

(11)

the Library of Congress.

(b)

Discrimination in public services and accommodations

(1)

Rights and protections

42 U.S.C. 12131–121The rights and protections against discrimination in the provision of public services and accommodations established by sections 201 through 230, 302, 303, and 309 of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (50, 12182, 12183, and 12189) shall apply to the entities listed in subsection (a).

(2)

Definitions

42 U.S.C. 12131For purposes of the application of title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 ( et seq.) under this section, the term “public entity” means any entity listed in subsection (a) that provides public services, programs, or activities.

(c)

Remedy

42 U.S.C. 12133 section 1311 of this titleThe remedy for a violation of subsection (b) shall be such remedy as would be appropriate if awarded under section 203 or 308(a) of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (, 12188(a)), except that, with respect to any claim of employment discrimination asserted by any covered employee, the exclusive remedy shall be under .

(d)

Available procedures

(1)

Charge filed with General Counsel

42 U.S.C. 12131(2)A qualified individual with a disability, as defined in section 201(2) of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (), who alleges a violation of subsection (b) by an entity listed in subsection (a), may file a charge against any entity responsible for correcting the violation with the General Counsel within 180 days of the occurrence of the alleged violation. The General Counsel shall investigate the charge.

(2)

Mediation

section 1403 of this titleIf, upon investigation under paragraph (1), the General Counsel believes that a violation of subsection (b) may have occurred and that mediation may be helpful in resolving the dispute, the General Counsel may request, but not participate in, mediation under subsections (b) through (d) of between the charging individual and any entity responsible for correcting the alleged violation.

(3)

Complaint, hearing, Board review

section 1405 of this title section 1406 of this titleIf mediation under paragraph (2) has not succeeded in resolving the dispute, and if the General Counsel believes that a violation of subsection (b) may have occurred, the General Counsel may file with the Office a complaint against any entity responsible for correcting the violation. The complaint shall be submitted to a hearing officer for decision pursuant to subsections (b) through (h) of and any person who has filed a charge under paragraph (1) may intervene as of right, with the full rights of a party. The decision of the hearing officer shall be subject to review by the Board pursuant to .

(4)

Judicial review

section 1407 of this titleA charging individual who has intervened under paragraph (3) or any respondent to the complaint, if aggrieved by a final decision of the Board under paragraph (3), may file a petition for review in the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, pursuant to .

(5)

Compliance date

If new appropriated funds are necessary to comply with an order requiring correction of a violation of subsection (b), compliance shall take place as soon as possible, but no later than the fiscal year following the end of the fiscal year in which the order requiring correction becomes final and not subject to further review.

(e)

Regulations to implement section

(1)

In general

section 1384 of this titleThe Board shall, pursuant to , issue regulations to implement this section.

(2)

Agency regulations

The regulations issued under paragraph (1) shall be the same as substantive regulations promulgated by the Attorney General and the Secretary of Transportation to implement the statutory provisions referred to in subsection (b) except to the extent that the Board may determine, for good cause shown and stated together with the regulation, that a modification of such regulations would be more effective for the implementation of the rights and protections under this section.

(3)

Entity responsible for correction

The regulations issued under paragraph (1) shall include a method of identifying, for purposes of this section and for categories of violations of subsection (b), the entity responsible for correction of a particular violation.

(f)

Periodic inspections; report to Congress; initial study

(1)

Periodic inspections

On a regular basis, and at least once each Congress, the General Counsel shall inspect the facilities of the entities listed in subsection (a) to ensure compliance with subsection (b).

(2)

Report

On the basis of each periodic inspection, the General Counsel shall, at least once every Congress, prepare and submit a report—

(A)

1 So in original. The comma probably should not appear.

to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the President pro tempore of the Senate, and the Office of the Architect of the Capitol, or other entity responsible, for correcting the violation of this section uncovered by such inspection, and

(B)

containing the results of the periodic inspection, describing any steps necessary to correct any violation of this section, assessing any limitations in accessibility to and usability by individuals with disabilities associated with each violation, and the estimated cost and time needed for abatement.

(3)

Initial period for study and corrective action

January 23, 1995December 31, 1996July 1, 1996The period from , until , shall be available to the Office of the Architect of the Capitol and other entities subject to this section to identify any violations of subsection (b), to determine the costs of compliance, and to take any necessary corrective action to abate any violations. The Office shall assist the Office of the Architect of the Capitol and other entities listed in subsection (a) by arranging for inspections and other technical assistance at their request. Prior to , the General Counsel shall conduct a thorough inspection under paragraph (1) and shall submit the report under paragraph (2) for the One Hundred Fourth Congress.

(4)

Detailed personnel

The Attorney General, the Secretary of Transportation, and the Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board may, on request of the Executive Director, detail to the Office such personnel as may be necessary to advise and assist the Office in carrying out its duties under this section.

(g)

Omitted

(h)

Election of remedies relating to rights to public services and accommodations for Library visitors

(1)

Definition of Library visitor

42 U.S.C. 12131 section 1311 of this titleIn this subsection, the term “Library visitor” means an individual who is eligible to bring a claim for a violation under title II or III of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 [ et seq., 12181 et seq.] (other than a violation for which the exclusive remedy is under ) against the Library of Congress.

(2)

Election of remedies

(A)

In general

A Library visitor who alleges a violation of subsection (b) by the Library of Congress may, subject to subparagraph (B)—

(i)

file a charge against the Library of Congress under subsection (d); or

(ii)

section 2000e–16 of title 42 42 U.S.C. 12209 use the remedies and procedures set forth in , as provided under section 510 (other than paragraph (5)) of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 ().

(B)

Timing

A Library visitor that has initiated proceedings under clause (i) or (ii) of subparagraph (A) may elect to change and initiate a proceeding under the other clause—

(i)

in the case of a Library visitor who first filed a charge pursuant to subparagraph (A)(i), before the General Counsel files a complaint under subsection (d)(3); or

(ii)

in the case of a Library visitor who first initiated a proceeding under subparagraph (A)(ii), before the Library visitor requests a hearing under the procedures of the Library of Congress described in such subparagraph.

(i)

Effective date

(1)

In general

January 1, 1997Subsections (b), (c), and (d) shall be effective on .

(2)

Government Accountability Office, Government Publishing Office, and Library of Congress

section 1371 of this titleSubsection (g) shall be effective 1 year after transmission to the Congress of the study under .

Pub. L. 104–1, title II, § 210Jan. 23, 1995109 Stat. 13 Pub. L. 108–271, § 8(b)July 7, 2004118 Stat. 814 Pub. L. 110–279, § 1(g)(2)July 17, 2008122 Stat. 2609 Pub. L. 110–437, title IV, § 422(b)(3)Oct. 20, 2008122 Stat. 4996 Pub. L. 113–235, div. H, title I, § 1301(b)Dec. 16, 2014128 Stat. 2537 Pub. L. 115–141, div. I, title I, § 153(a)(1)(B)Mar. 23, 2018132 Stat. 785 Pub. L. 115–397, title IIIDec. 21, 2018132 Stat. 5321(, , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , §§ 303(a), (b), 308(b)(8), , , 5322, 5326.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Pub. L. 101–336July 26, 1990104 Stat. 327 section 12101 of Title 42The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, referred to in subsecs. (b)(2) and (h)(1), is , , . Titles II and III of the Act are classified generally to subchapters II (§ 12131 et seq.) and III (§ 12181 et seq.), respectively, of chapter 126 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under and Tables.

section 12209 of Title 42Subsection (g), referred to in subsec. (i)(2), amended .

Codification

section 210 of Pub. L. 104–1 section 210 of Pub. L. 104–1 section 12209 of Title 42Section is comprised of . Subsec. (g) of amended , The Public Health and Welfare.

Amendments

Pub. L. 115–397, § 308(b)(8)2018—Subsec. (a)(9). , substituted “Office of Congressional Workplace Rights” for “Office of Compliance”.

Pub. L. 115–141Subsec. (a)(11). added par. (11).

Pub. L. 115–397, § 303(b)section 1403 of this titleSubsec. (d)(2). , made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to .

Pub. L. 115–397, § 303(a)Subsecs. (h), (i). , added subsec. (h) and redesignated former subsec. (h) as (i).

Pub. L. 110–4372008—Subsec. (a)(4). substituted “the Office of Congressional Accessibility Services;” for “the Capitol Guide Service;”.

Pub. L. 110–279Subsec. (a)(7). substituted “the Botanic Garden” for “the Senate Restaurants and the Botanic Garden”.

Pub. L. 108–2712004—Subsec. (h)(2). substituted “Government Accountability Office” for “General Accounting Office” in heading.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

section 1301(b) of Pub. L. 113–235 section 301 of Title 44“Government Publishing Office” substituted for “Government Printing Office” in heading of subsec. (h)(2) on authority of , set out as a note preceding , Public Printing and Documents.

Effective Date of 2018 Amendment

Pub. L. 115–397, title III, § 303(c)Dec. 21, 2018132 Stat. 5322

Public Law 115–141 section 1301 of this title“The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect as if such amendments were included in the enactment of section 153 of the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2018 (), and shall apply as specified in section 153(c) of such Act [set out as a note under ].”

, , , provided that:

section 308(b)(8) of Pub. L. 115–397Dec. 21, 2018section 308(d) of Pub. L. 115–397 section 1381 of this titleAmendment by effective , and any reference to the Office of Compliance in any law, rule, regulation, or other official paper in effect as of such date to be considered to refer and apply to the Office of Congressional Workplace Rights, see , set out as a note under .

Pub. L. 115–397Dec. 21, 2018section 401 of Pub. L. 115–397 section 1301 of this titleExcept as otherwise provided, amendment by effective upon expiration of the 180-day period beginning on , with provisions for effect on pending proceedings, see , set out as a note under .

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Pub. L. 110–437 section 2241 of this titleOct. 20, 2008section 422(d) of Pub. L. 110–437 section 1301 of this titleAmendment by effective first day of first pay period (applicable to employees transferred under ) on or after 30 days after , see , set out as a note under .

Pub. L. 110–279July 17, 2008section 2051(i) of this titleAmendment by effective , and applicable to remainder of fiscal year in which enacted and each fiscal year thereafter, see .