Calculation of total deficit reduction
Allocation to functions
section 904(c) of this titleOn , for fiscal year 2013, and in its sequestration preview report for fiscal years 2014 through 2021 pursuant to , OMB shall allocate half of the total reduction calculated pursuant to paragraph (1) for that year to discretionary appropriations and direct spending accounts within function 050 (defense function) and half to accounts in all other functions (nondefense functions).
Defense function reduction
Discretionary
Direct spending
OMB shall calculate the reduction to direct spending by taking the total reduction for the defense function required for that year under paragraph (2) and subtracting the discretionary reduction calculated pursuant to subparagraph (A).
Nondefense function reduction
Discretionary
Direct spending
OMB shall calculate the reduction to direct spending programs by taking the total reduction for nondefense functions required for that year under paragraph (2) and subtracting the discretionary reduction calculated pursuant to subparagraph (A).
Implementing discretionary reductions
Fiscal year 2013
Fiscal years 2014–2021
Implementing direct spending reductions
Adjustment for Medicare
If the percentage reduction for the Medicare programs would exceed 2 percent for a fiscal year in the absence of paragraph (6), OMB shall increase the reduction for all other discretionary appropriations and direct spending under paragraph (4) by a uniform percentage to a level sufficient to achieve the reduction required by paragraph (4) in the non-defense function.
Implementation of reductions
section 906(k) of this titleAny reductions imposed under this section shall be implemented in accordance with .
Report
1
Implementing direct spending reductions for fiscal years 2014 and 2015
Implementing direct spending reductions for fiscal years 2016 and 2017
Implementing direct spending reductions for fiscal years 2018 and 2019
Implementing direct spending reductions for fiscal years 2020 and 2021
Pub. L. 99–177, title II, § 251APub. L. 112–25, title III, § 302(a)125 Stat. 256Pub. L. 112–240, title IX, § 901(a)126 Stat. 2370Pub. L. 113–67, div. A, title I, § 101(b)127 Stat. 1167Pub. L. 113–82, § 1128 Stat. 1009Pub. L. 113–93, title II, § 222128 Stat. 1077Pub. L. 114–74, title I, § 101(b)129 Stat. 586Pub. L. 115–123, div. C, title I, § 30101(b)132 Stat. 123Pub. L. 116–37, title I, § 101(d)133 Stat. 1050Pub. L. 116–136, div. A, title III, § 3709(b)134 Stat. 422Pub. L. 117–7, § 1(b)135 Stat. 251Pub. L. 117–58, div. I, § 90001135 Stat. 1341Pub. L. 117–71, § 2(b)135 Stat. 1506Pub. L. 117–328, div. FF, title IV, § 4163136 Stat. 5931Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title XVIII, § 1852137 Stat. 709Pub. L. 118–42, div. G, title III, § 303138 Stat. 452Pub. L. 118–47, div. G, title I, § 109138 Stat. 857Pub. L. 119–4, div. B, title II, § 2211139 Stat. 44Pub. L. 119–37, div. F, title II, § 6213139 Stat. 634(, as added , , ; amended , (c), , ; , (c), (d)(2), div. B, title II, § 1205, , , 1168, 1200; , , ; , , ; , (c), , ; , (c), , ; , title IV, § 402, , , 1058; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , .)
Editorial Notes
References in Text
section 401(b)(3)(B)(i)(II) of title IV of Pub. L. 112–25section 900 of this titleSection 401(b)(3)(B)(i)(II) of the Budget Control Act of 2011, referred to in par. (1)(B), is , which is set out in a note under .
Pub. L. 99–17799 Stat. 1038section 900 of this titleThis title, referred to in par. (9), means title II (§ 200 et seq.) of , , , known as the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under and Tables.
Pub. L. 113–67127 Stat. 1165section 900 of this titleThe Bipartisan Budget Act of 2013, referred to in par. (10)(A), is div. A of , , . For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 2013 Amendment note set out under and Tables.
Pub. L. 114–74129 Stat. 584section 1 of Title 26The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015, referred to in par. (11)(A), is , , . For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 2015 Amendment note set out under , Internal Revenue Code, and Tables.
Pub. L. 115–123132 Stat. 64section 1305 of Title 42The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018, referred to in par. (12)(A), is , , . For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 2018 Amendment note set out under , The Public Health and Welfare, and Tables.
Pub. L. 116–37133 Stat. 1049section 900 of this titleThe Bipartisan Budget Act of 2019, referred to in par. (13)(A), is , , . For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 2019 Amendment note set out under and Tables.
Prior Provisions
Pub. L. 99–177, title II, § 251APub. L. 103–322, title XXXI, § 310001(g)(1)108 Stat. 2104Pub. L. 105–33, title X, § 10204(a)(1)111 Stat. 702A prior section 901a, , as added , , , related to sequestration with respect to Violent Crime Reduction Trust Fund, prior to repeal by , , .
Amendments
Pub. L. 119–37, § 6213(1)2025—Par. (6)(D)(i). , substituted “11 months” for “10 months”.
Pub. L. 119–4, § 2211(1), substituted “10 months” for “8 months”.
Pub. L. 119–37, § 6213(2)Par. (6)(D)(ii). , substituted “1 month” for “2 months”.
Pub. L. 119–4, § 2211(2), substituted “2 months” for “4 months”.
Pub. L. 118–42, § 303(1)2024—Par. (6)(D)(i). , substituted “8 months” for “7 months”.
Pub. L. 118–42, § 303(2)Par. (6)(D)(ii). , substituted “4 months” for “5 months”.
Pub. L. 118–47Par. (6)(E). added subpar. (E).
Pub. L. 118–31, § 1852(1)2023—Par. (6)(D)(i). , substituted “7 months” for “6 months”.
Pub. L. 118–31, § 1852(2)Par. (6)(D)(ii). , substituted “last 5 months” for “second 6 months”.
Pub. L. 117–328, § 4163(1)section 1105 of title 31section 904(c) of this title2022—Par. (6)(B). , in introductory provisions, substituted “On the date on which the President submits the budget under ” for “On the dates OMB issues its sequestration preview reports” and struck out “pursuant to ,” before “the President shall order a sequestration”.
Pub. L. 117–328, § 4163(2)Par. (6)(C). , realigned margins.
Pub. L. 117–328, § 4163(3)section 906(d) of this titlePar. (6)(D). , (4), added subpar. (D) and struck out former subpar. (D) which read as follows: “Notwithstanding the 2 percent limit specified in subparagraph (A) for payments for the Medicare programs specified in , the sequestration order of the President under such subparagraph for fiscal year 2030 shall be applied to such payments so that—
“(i) with respect to the first 6 months in which such order is effective for such fiscal year, the payment reduction shall be 2.25 percent; and
“(ii) with respect to the second 6 months in which such order is so effective for such fiscal year, the payment reduction shall be 3 percent.”
Pub. L. 117–328, § 4163(3)section 906(d) of this titlePar. (6)(E). , struck out subpar. (E) which read as follows: “Notwithstanding the 2 percent limit specified in subparagraph (A) for payments for the Medicare programs specified in , the sequestration order of the President under such subparagraph for fiscal year 2031 shall be applied to such payments so that—
“(i) with respect to the first 6 months in which such order is effective for such fiscal year, the payment reduction shall be 4.0 percent; and
“(ii) with respect to the second 6 months in which such order is so effective for such fiscal year, the payment reduction shall be 0 percent.”
Pub. L. 117–58, § 90001(1)2021—Par. (6)(B). , substituted “2031” for “2030” in introductory provisions.
Pub. L. 117–71, § 2(b)(2)Par. (6)(C). , added subpar. (C). Former subpar. (C) redesignated (E).
Pub. L. 117–58, § 90001(2)(A), substituted “2031” for “2030” in introductory provisions.
Pub. L. 117–58, § 90001(2)(B)Par. (6)(C)(i). , substituted “6” for “5 ½”, “4.0” for “2.0”, and “; and” for semicolon at end.
Pub. L. 117–7, § 1(b)(1), substituted “first 5 ½ months” for “first 6 months” and “2.0 percent” for “4.0 percent” and struck out “and” at end.
Pub. L. 117–58, § 90001(2)(C)Par. (6)(C)(ii). , substituted “second 6 months” for “6-month period beginning on the day after the last day of the period described in clause (i)”, “0” for “4.0”, and a period for “; and” at end.
Pub. L. 117–7, § 1(b)(2), substituted “6-month period beginning on the day after the last day of the period described in clause (i)” for “second 6 months” and “4.0 percent; and” for “0.0 percent.”
Pub. L. 117–58, § 90001(2)(D)Par. (6)(C)(iii). , struck out cl. (iii) which read as follows: “with respect to the remaining ½ month in which such order is so effective for such fiscal year, the payment reduction shall be 0.0 percent.”
Pub. L. 117–7, § 1(b)(3), added cl. (iii).
Pub. L. 117–71, § 2(b)(2)Par. (6)(D). , added subpar. (D).
Pub. L. 117–71, § 2(b)(1)Par. (6)(E). , redesignated subpar. (C) as (E).
Pub. L. 116–136, § 3709(b)(1)2020—Par. (6)(B). , substituted “through 2030” for “through 2029” in introductory provisions.
Pub. L. 116–136, § 3709(b)(2)Par. (6)(C). , substituted “fiscal year 2030” for “fiscal year 2029” in introductory provisions.
Pub. L. 116–37, § 101(d)(1)2019—Par. (5)(B). , substituted “(12), and (13)” for “and (12)” in introductory provisions.
Pub. L. 116–37, § 402(1)Par. (6)(B). , substituted “fiscal years 2022 through 2029” for “fiscal years 2022 through 2027” in introductory provisions.
Pub. L. 116–37, § 402(2)Par. (6)(C). , substituted “fiscal year 2029” for “fiscal year 2027” in introductory provisions.
Pub. L. 116–37, § 101(d)(2)Par. (13). , added par. (13).
Pub. L. 115–123, § 30101(b)(1)2018—Par. (5)(B). , substituted “, (11), and (12)” for “and (11)” in introductory provisions.
Pub. L. 115–123, § 30101(c)(1)Par. (6)(B). , substituted “for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2027” for “for fiscal year 2022, for fiscal year 2023, for fiscal year 2024, and for fiscal year 2025” in introductory provisions.
Pub. L. 115–123, § 30101(c)(2)Par. (6)(C). , substituted “fiscal year 2027” for “fiscal year 2025” in introductory provisions.
Pub. L. 115–123, § 30101(b)(2)Par. (12). , added par. (12).
Pub. L. 114–74, § 101(b)(1)2015—Par. (5)(B). , substituted “paragraphs (10) and (11)” for “paragraph (10)”.
Pub. L. 114–74, § 101(c)(1)Par. (6)(B). , in introductory provisions, substituted “for fiscal year 2024, and for fiscal year 2025” for “and for fiscal year 2024”.
Pub. L. 114–74, § 101(c)(2)section 906(d) of this titlePar. (6)(C), (D). , (3), redesignated subpar. (D) as (C), substituted “fiscal year 2025” for “fiscal year 2024” in introductory provisions, and struck out former subpar. (C) which read as follows: “Notwithstanding the 2 percent limit specified in subparagraph (A) for payments for the Medicare programs specified in , the sequestration order of the President under such subparagraph for fiscal year 2023 shall be applied to such payments so that—
“(i) with respect to the first 6 months in which such order is effective for such fiscal year, the payment reduction shall be 2.90 percent; and
“(ii) with respect to the second 6 months in which such order is so effective for such fiscal year, the payment reduction shall be 1.11 percent.”
Pub. L. 114–74, § 101(b)(2)Par. (11). , added par. (11).
Pub. L. 113–822014—Par. (6)(B). substituted “, for fiscal year 2023, and for fiscal year 2024” for “and for fiscal year 2023”.
Pub. L. 113–93Par. (6)(D). added subpar. (D).
Pub. L. 113–67, § 101(d)(2)(A)section 901(c) of this title2013—, in introductory provisions substituted “Discretionary appropriations and direct spending accounts shall be reduced in accordance with this section as follows:” for “Unless a joint committee bill achieving an amount greater than $1,200,000,000,000 in deficit reduction as provided in section 401(b)(3)(B)(i)(II) of the Budget Control Act of 2011 is enacted by , the discretionary spending limits listed in shall be revised, and discretionary appropriations and direct spending shall be reduced, as follows:”.
Pub. L. 113–67, § 101(d)(2)(B)Par. (1). , (C), redesignated par.(3) as (1) and struck out former par. (1) which defined “revised security category” as discretionary appropriations in budget function 050 and “revised nonsecurity category” as discretionary appropriations other than in budget function 050.
Pub. L. 113–67, § 101(d)(2)(B)section 901(c) of this titlePar. (2). –(D), redesignated par. (4) as (2), substituted “paragraph (1)” for “paragraph (3)”, and struck out former par. (2) which revised discretionary spending limits under for fiscal years 2013 through 2021.
Pub. L. 113–67, § 101(d)(2)(C)Par. (3). , (E), redesignated par. (5) as (3) and substituted “paragraph (2)” for “paragraph (4)” in two places. Former par. (3) redesignated (1).
Pub. L. 112–240, § 901(a)Par. (3)(E). , added subpar. (E).
Pub. L. 113–67, § 101(d)(2)(C)Par. (4). , (F), redesignated par. (6) as (4) and substituted “paragraph (2)” for “paragraph (4)” in two places. Former par. (4) redesignated (2).
Pub. L. 112–240, § 901(c)(1), substituted “” for “”.
Pub. L. 113–67, § 101(d)(2)(C)Par. (5). , (G), redesignated par. (7) as (5) and substituted “paragraph (3)” for “paragraph (5)” in two places and “paragraph (4)” for “paragraph (6)” in two places. Former par. (5) redesignated (3).
Pub. L. 113–67, § 101(b)(2)Par. (5)(B). , substituted “Except as provided by paragraph (10), on” for “On” in introductory provisions.
Pub. L. 113–67, § 101(d)(2)(C)Par. (6). , (H), redesignated par. (8) as (6) and, in subpar. (A), substituted “paragraph (2)” for “paragraph (4)” and “paragraphs (3) and (4)” for “paragraphs (5) and (6)”. Former par. (6) redesignated (4).
Pub. L. 113–67, § 101(c), designated existing provisions as subpar. (A) and added subpar. (B).
Pub. L. 113–67, § 1205Par. (6)(C). , added subpar. (C).
Pub. L. 113–67, § 101(d)(2)(C)Par. (7). , (I), redesignated par. (9) as (7), substituted “paragraph (6)” for “paragraph (8)”, and substituted “paragraph (4)” for “paragraph (6)” in two places. Former par. (7) redesignated (5).
Pub. L. 112–240, § 901(c)(2)Par. (7)(A). , substituted “” for “” in introductory provisions.
Pub. L. 113–67, § 101(d)(2)(C)Par. (8). , redesignated par. (10) as (8). Former par. (8) redesignated (6).
Pub. L. 113–67, § 101(d)(2)(C)Par. (9). , (J), redesignated par. (11) as (9) and substituted “paragraph (2)” for “paragraph (4)”. Former par. (9) redesignated (7).
Pub. L. 113–67, § 101(b)(1)Par. (10). , added par. (10). Former par. (10) redesignated (8).
Pub. L. 113–67, § 101(d)(2)(C)Par. (11). , redesignated par. (11) as (9).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Temporary Suspension and Adjustment of Medicare Sequestration
Pub. L. 116–136, div. A, title III, § 3709(a)134 Stat. 421Pub. L. 116–260, div. N, title I, § 102(a)134 Stat. 1950Pub. L. 117–7, § 1(a)(1)135 Stat. 251Pub. L. 117–71, § 2(a)(1)135 Stat. 1506
Pub. L. 117–71, § 2(a)(2)135 Stat. 1506
Pub. L. 117–7, § 1(a)(2)135 Stat. 251
Pub. L. 116–260, div. N, title I, § 102(b)134 Stat. 1950
2013 Sequester
Pub. L. 112–240, title IX, § 901(e)126 Stat. 2370
“ ‘(2) For fiscal year 2013—
“ ‘(A) for the security category, $544,000,000,000 in budget authority; and
“ ‘(B) for the nonsecurity category, $499,000,000,000 in budget authority;’.”
Executive Documents
Sequestration Order for Fiscal Year 2025 Pursuant to Section 251A of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act, as Amended
Order of President of the United States, dated , 89 F.R. 18531, provided:
2 U.S.C. 901aBy the authority vested in me as President by the laws of the United States of America, and in accordance with section 251A of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act (the “Act”), as amended, , I hereby order that, on , direct spending budgetary resources for fiscal year 2025 in each non-exempt budget account be reduced by the amount calculated by the Office of Management and Budget in its report to the Congress of .
All sequestrations shall be made in strict accordance with the requirements of section 251A of the Act and the specifications of the Office of Management and Budget’s report of , prepared pursuant to section 251A(9) of the Act.
Sequestration orders pursuant to this section for prior fiscal years were contained in the following:
2024—Order of President of the United States, dated , 88 F.R. 16171.
2023—Order of President of the United States, dated , 87 F.R. 18603.
2022—Order of President of the United States, dated , 86 F.R. 29927.
2021—Order of President of the United States, dated , 85 F.R. 8129.
2020—Order of President of the United States, dated , 84 F.R. 10401.
2019—Order of President of the United States, dated , 83 F.R. 6789.
2018—Order of President of the United States, dated , 82 F.R. 24209.
2017—Order of President of the United States, dated , 81 F.R. 7693.
2016—Order of President of the United States, dated , 80 F.R. 6645.
2015—Order of President of the United States, dated , 79 F.R. 14365.
2014—Order of President of the United States, dated , 78 F.R. 22409.
2013—Order of President of the United States, dated , 78 F.R. 14633.