US Code

Public Law 119-73 (01/23/2026)

31 U.S.C. § 5322

Criminal penalties

(a)
section 123 of Public Law 91–508 A person willfully violating this subchapter or a regulation prescribed or order issued under this subchapter (except section 5315, 5324, or 5336 of this title or a regulation prescribed under section 5315, 5324, or 5336), or willfully violating a regulation prescribed under section 21 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act or , shall be fined not more than $250,000, or imprisoned for not more than five years, or both.
(b)
section 123 of Public Law 91–508 A person willfully violating this subchapter or a regulation prescribed or order issued under this subchapter (except section 5315, 5324, or 5336 of this title or a regulation prescribed under section 5315, 5324, or 5336), or willfully violating a regulation prescribed under section 21 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act or , while violating another law of the United States or as part of a pattern of any illegal activity involving more than $100,000 in a 12-month period, shall be fined not more than $500,000, imprisoned for not more than 10 years, or both.
(c)
section 5318(a)(2) of this title For a violation of or a regulation prescribed under section 5318(a)(2), a separate violation occurs for each day the violation continues and at each office, branch, or place of business at which a violation occurs or continues.
(d)
A financial institution or agency that violates any provision of subsection (i) or (j) of section 5318, or any special measures imposed under section 5318A, or any regulation prescribed under subsection (i) or (j) of section 5318 or section 5318A, shall be fined in an amount equal to not less than 2 times the amount of the transaction, but not more than $1,000,000.
(e)
A person convicted of violating a provision of (or rule issued under) the Bank Secrecy Act, as defined in section 6003 of the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2020, shall—
(1)
in addition to any other fine under this section, be fined in an amount that is equal to the profit gained by such person by reason of such violation, as determined by the court; and
(2)
if the person is an individual who was a partner, director, officer, or employee of a financial institution at the time the violation occurred, repay to such financial institution any bonus paid to the individual during the calendar year in which the violation occurred or the calendar year after which the violation occurred.

Pub. L. 97–25896 Stat. 1000Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 901(b)98 Stat. 2135Pub. L. 99–570, title I100 Stat. 3207–24Pub. L. 102–550, title XV, § 1504(d)(2)106 Stat. 4055Pub. L. 103–325, title IV, § 411(c)(1)108 Stat. 2253Pub. L. 107–56, title III115 Stat. 323Pub. L. 116–283, div. F, title LXIII, § 6312(a)134 Stat. 4596(, , ; , , ; , §§ 1356(c)(1), 1357(g), , , 3207–26; , , ; , , ; , §§ 353(b), 363(b), , , 332; , title LXIV, § 6403(b)(2), , , 4623.)

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised Section

Source (U.S. Code)

Source (Statutes at Large)

5322(a)

31:1058.

Oct. 26, 1970, Pub. L. 91–508, §§ 205(b)(last sentence related to criminal penalties), 209, 210, 84 Stat. 1120, 1121.

5322(b)

31:1059.

5322(c)

31:1054(b)(last sentence related to criminal penalties).

section 5315 of this titleIn subsections (a) and (b), the words “(except or a regulation prescribed under section 5315)” are added because 31:1141–1143 was not enacted as part of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act that is restated in the subchapter.

In subsection (a), the word “prescribed” is added for consistency.

In subsection (b), the words “or a regulation prescribed under this subchapter” are added because of the restatement. The words “committed” and “the commission of” are omitted as surplus. The words “United States” are substituted for “Federal” for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.

In subsection (c), the words “the purposes of both civil and criminal penalties for” are omitted because of the restatement. The word “separate” before “office” is omitted as surplus.

Editorial Notes

References in Text

section 1829b of Title 12Section 21 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), is classified to , Banks and Banking.

Section 123 of Public Law 91–508section 1953 of Title 12, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), is classified to , Banks and Banking.

section 6003 of div. F of Pub. L. 116–283section 5311 of this titlePub. L. 116–283Section 6003 of the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2020, referred to in subsec. (e), is , which is set out as a note under . Such section 6003 defines terms, including the Bank Secrecy Act, as used in div. F of .

Amendments

Pub. L. 116–283, § 6403(b)(2)2021—Subsecs. (a), (b). , substituted “section 5315, 5324, or 5336” for “section 5315 or 5324” in two places.

Pub. L. 116–283, § 6312(a)Subsec. (e). , added subsec. (e).

Pub. L. 107–56, § 353(b)(1)section 123 of Public Law 91–5082001—Subsec. (a). , inserted “or order issued” after “willfully violating this subchapter or a regulation prescribed” and “, or willfully violating a regulation prescribed under section 21 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act or ,” after “under section 5315 or 5324)”.

Pub. L. 107–56, § 353(b)(2)section 123 of Public Law 91–508Subsec. (b). , inserted “or order issued” after “willfully violating this subchapter or a regulation prescribed” and “or willfully violating a regulation prescribed under section 21 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act or ,” after “under section 5315 or 5324),”.

Pub. L. 107–56, § 363(b)Subsec. (d). , added subsec. (d).

Pub. L. 103–3251994—Subsecs. (a), (b). inserted “or 5324” after “section 5315” wherever appearing.

Pub. L. 102–5501992—Subsec. (a). substituted “imprisoned for” for “imprisonment”.

Pub. L. 99–570, § 1357(g)1986—Subsec. (b). , substituted “any illegal activity involving” for “illegal activity involving transactions of” and “10 years” for “5 years”.

Pub. L. 99–570, § 1356(c)(1)Subsec. (c). , substituted “5318(a)(2)” for “5318(2)” in two places.

Pub. L. 98–4731984—Subsec. (a). , which directed the substitution of “$250,000, or imprisonment not more than five years, or both” for “$1,000, or imprisonment not more than one year, or both”, was executed by substituting the quoted wording for “$1,000, imprisoned for not more than one year, or both” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

section 1357(g) of Pub. L. 99–570section 1364(c) of Pub. L. 99–570section 5321 of this titleAmendment by applicable with respect to violations committed after , see , set out as a note under .

Construction of 2021 Amendment

Pub. L. 116–283, div. F, title LXIII, § 6312(b)134 Stat. 4596

“The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] may not be construed to prohibit a financial institution from requiring the repayment of a bonus paid to a partner, director, officer, or employee if the financial institution determines that the partner, director, officer, or employee engaged in unethical, but non-criminal, activities.”
, , , provided that: