Public Law 119-73 (01/23/2026)

35 U.S.C. § 186

Penalty

Whoever, during the period or periods of time an invention has been ordered to be kept secret and the grant of a patent thereon withheld pursuant to section 181, shall, with knowledge of such order and without due authorization, willfully publish or disclose or authorize or cause to be published or disclosed the invention, or material information with respect thereto, or whoever willfully, in violation of the provisions of section 184, shall file or cause or authorize to be filed in any foreign country an application for patent or for the registration of a utility model, industrial design, or model in respect of any invention made in the United States, shall, upon conviction, be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned for not more than two years, or both.

July 19, 1952, ch. 95066 Stat. 807Pub. L. 100–418, title IX, § 9101(b)(3)102 Stat. 1568Pub. L. 112–29, § 20(j)125 Stat. 335(, ; , , ; , , .)

Historical and Revision Notes

Feb. 1, 1952, ch. 4, § 666 Stat. 5Based on Title 35, U.S.C., 1946 ed., § 156 (, , 6).

Language is changed.

Editorial Notes

Amendments

Pub. L. 112–292011— struck out “of this title” after “181” and after “184”.

Pub. L. 100–4181988—, which directed the insertion of “willfully” after second reference to “whoever”, was executed by making the insertion after “or whoever”, as the probable intent of Congress.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2011 Amendment

Pub. L. 112–29lPub. L. 112–29section 2 of this titleAmendment by effective upon the expiration of the 1-year period beginning on , and applicable to proceedings commenced on or after that effective date, see section 20() of , set out as a note under .

Effective Date of 1988 Amendment

Pub. L. 100–418section 184 of this titlesection 9101(d) of Pub. L. 100–418section 184 of this titleAmendment by applicable, subject to certain qualifications and exceptions, to all United States patents, and to all licenses under , regardless of the date such patents or licenses are granted, and to all applications for such patents pending on or filed after , see , set out as a note under .