US Code

Public Law 119-73 (01/23/2026)

42 U.S.C. § 1383a

Penalties for fraud

(a)

In general

Whoever—
(1)
knowingly and willfully makes or causes to be made any false statement or representation of a material fact in any application for any benefit under this subchapter,
(2)
at any time knowingly and willfully makes or causes to be made any false statement or representation of a material fact for use in determining rights to any such benefit,
(3)
having knowledge of the occurrence of any event affecting (A) his initial or continued right to any such benefit, or (B) the initial or continued right to any such benefit of any other individual in whose behalf he has applied for or is receiving such benefit, conceals or fails to disclose such event with an intent fraudulently to secure such benefit either in a greater amount or quantity than is due or when no such benefit is authorized,
(4)
having made application to receive any such benefit for the use and benefit of another and having received it, knowingly and willfully converts such benefit or any part thereof to a use other than for the use and benefit of such other person, or
(5)
conspires to commit any offense described in any of paragraphs (1) through (3),
shall be fined under title 18, imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both, except that in the case of a person who receives a fee or other income for services performed in connection with any determination with respect to benefits under this subchapter (including a claimant representative, translator, or current or former employee of the Social Security Administration), or who is a physician or other health care provider who submits, or causes the submission of, medical or other evidence in connection with any such determination, such person shall be guilty of a felony and upon conviction thereof shall be fined under title 18, or imprisoned for not more than ten years, or both.
(b)

Restitution

(1)
Any Federal court, when sentencing a defendant convicted of an offense under subsection (a), may order, in addition to or in lieu of any other penalty authorized by law, that the defendant make restitution to the Commissioner of Social Security, in any case in which such offense results in—
(A)
the Commissioner of Social Security making a benefit payment that should not have been made, or
(B)
section 1383(a)(2) of this title an individual suffering a financial loss due to the defendant’s violation of subsection (a) in his or her capacity as the individual’s representative payee appointed pursuant to .
(2)
Sections 3612, 3663, and 3664 of title 18 shall apply with respect to the issuance and enforcement of orders of restitution under this subsection. In so applying such sections, the Commissioner of Social Security shall be considered the victim.
(3)
If the court does not order restitution, or orders only partial restitution, under this subsection, the court shall state on the record the reasons therefor.
(4)
(A)
Except as provided in subparagraph (B), funds paid to the Commissioner of Social Security as restitution pursuant to a court order shall be deposited as miscellaneous receipts in the general fund of the Treasury.
(B)
In the case of funds paid to the Commissioner of Social Security pursuant to paragraph (1)(B), the Commissioner of Social Security shall certify for payment to the individual described in such paragraph an amount equal to the lesser of the amount of the funds so paid or the individual’s outstanding financial loss as described in such paragraph, except that such amount may be reduced by any overpayment of benefits owed under this subchapter, subchapter II, or subchapter VIII by the individual.
(c)

Prohibition on certification as representative payee

section 408 of this titlesection 1383(a)(2) of this titleAny person or entity convicted of a violation of subsection (a) of this section or of may not be certified as a representative payee under .

Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531Pub. L. 92–603, title III, § 30186 Stat. 1478Pub. L. 98–460, § 16(c)(1)98 Stat. 1810Pub. L. 103–296, title II, § 206(c)(1)108 Stat. 1513Pub. L. 108–203, title II, § 209(c)118 Stat. 515Pub. L. 114–74, title VIII, § 813(a)(3)129 Stat. 603(, title XVI, § 1632, as added , , ; amended , , ; , (2), , ; , , ; , (b)(3), , .)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

Pub. L. 114–74, § 813(b)(3)2015—Subsec. (a). , inserted before period at end of concluding provisions “, except that in the case of a person who receives a fee or other income for services performed in connection with any determination with respect to benefits under this subchapter (including a claimant representative, translator, or current or former employee of the Social Security Administration), or who is a physician or other health care provider who submits, or causes the submission of, medical or other evidence in connection with any such determination, such person shall be guilty of a felony and upon conviction thereof shall be fined under title 18, or imprisoned for not more than ten years, or both”.

Pub. L. 114–74, § 813(a)(3)Subsec. (a)(5). , added par. (5).

Pub. L. 108–203, § 209(c)(2)2004—Subsec. (b). , added subsec. (b). Former subsec. (b) redesignated (c).

Pub. L. 108–203, § 209(c)(1)section 1383(a)(2) of this titleSubsec. (c). , (3), redesignated subsec. (b) as (c), struck out “(2)” before “Any person”, and struck out par (1) which read as follows: “If a person or entity violates subsection (a) of this section in the person’s or entity’s role as, or in applying to become, a representative payee under on behalf of another individual (other than the person’s eligible spouse), and the violation includes a willful misuse of funds by the person or entity, the court may also require that full or partial restitution of funds be made to such other individual.”

Pub. L. 103–296, § 206(c)(1)1994—Subsec. (a). , inserted closing provisions and struck out former closing provisions which read as follows: “shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both.”

Pub. L. 103–296, § 206(c)(2)Subsec. (b). , amended subsec. (b) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (b) read as follows:

section 1383(a)(2) of this title“(b)(1) Any person or other entity who is convicted of a violation of any of the provisions of paragraphs (1) through (4) of subsection (a) of this section, if such violation is committed by such person or entity in his role as, or in applying to become, a payee under on behalf of another individual (other than such person’s eligible spouse), in lieu of the penalty set forth in subsection (a) of this section—

“(A) upon his first such conviction, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both; and

“(B) upon his second or any subsequent such conviction, shall be guilty of a felony and shall be fined not more than $25,000 or imprisoned for not more than five years, or both.

“(2) In any case in which the court determines that a violation described in paragraph (1) includes a willful misuse of funds by such person or entity, the court may also require that full or partial restitution of such funds be made to the individual for whom such person or entity was the certified payee.

section 408 of this titlesection 1383(a)(2) of this title“(3) Any person or entity convicted of a felony under this section or under may not be certified as a payee under .”

Pub. L. 98–4601984— designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsec. (b).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2004 Amendment

Pub. L. 108–203section 209(d) of Pub. L. 108–203section 408 of this titleAmendment by applicable with respect to violations occurring on or after , see , set out as a note under .

Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

Pub. L. 103–296, title II, § 206(c)(3)108 Stat. 1514

“The amendments made by this subsection [amending this section] shall apply to conduct occurring on or after .”
, , , provided that:

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Pub. L. 98–460section 16(d) of Pub. L. 98–460section 405 of this titleAmendment by effective , and applicable with respect to violations occurring on or after such date, see , set out as a note under .

Effective Date

Pub. L. 92–603, title III, § 30186 Stat. 1465, , , provided that this section is effective .

Application to Northern Mariana Islands

section 1801 of Title 48For applicability of this section to the Northern Mariana Islands, see section 502(a)(1) of the Covenant to Establish a Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands in Political Union with the United States of America and Proc. No. 4534, , 42 F.R. 6593, set out as notes under , Territories and Insular Possessions.

Puerto Rico, Guam, and Virgin Islands

Pub. L. 92–603section 303(b) of Pub. L. 92–603section 301 of this titleEnactment of provisions of , eff. , not applicable to Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Virgin Islands, see , set out as a note under .