42 U.S.C. § 19237 | Definitions

In this part:

(1)

Covered individual

The term “covered individual” means an individual who—

(A)

contributes in a substantive, meaningful way to the scientific development or execution of a research and development project proposed to be carried out with a research and development award from a Federal research agency; and

(B)

is designated as a covered individual by the Federal research agency concerned.

(2)

Foreign country of concern

The term “foreign country of concern” means the People’s Republic of China, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, the Russian Federation, the Islamic Republic of Iran, or any other country determined to be a country of concern by the Secretary of State.

(3)

Foreign entity of concern

The term “foreign entity of concern” means a foreign entity that is—

(A)

section 1189(a) of title 8 designated as a foreign terrorist organization by the Secretary of State under ;

(B)

included on the list of specially designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury (commonly known as the SDN list);

(C)

section 4872 of title 10 owned by, controlled by, or subject to the jurisdiction or direction of a government of a foreign country that is a covered nation (as such term is defined in );

(D)

alleged by the Attorney General to have been involved in activities for which a conviction was obtained under—

(i)

chapter 37 of title 18 (commonly known as the Espionage Act);

(ii)

section 951 or 1030 of title 18;

(iii)

chapter 90 of title 18 (commonly known as the Economic Espionage Act of 1996);

(iv)

22 U.S.C. 2751 the Arms Export Control Act ( et seq.);

(v)

section 2274, 2275, 2276, 2277, or 2284 of this title;

(vi)

50 U.S.C. 4801 the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 ( et seq.); or

(vii)

50 U.S.C. 1701 the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( et seq.); or

(E)

determined by the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of National Intelligence, to be engaged in unauthorized conduct that is detrimental to the national security or foreign policy of the United States.

(4)

Malign foreign talent recruitment program

The term “malign foreign talent recruitment program” means—

(A)

any program, position, or activity that includes compensation in the form of cash, in-kind compensation, including research funding, promised future compensation, complimentary foreign travel, things of non de minimis value, honorific titles, career advancement opportunities, or other types of remuneration or consideration directly provided by a foreign country at any level (national, provincial, or local) or their designee, or an entity based in, funded by, or affiliated with a foreign country, whether or not directly sponsored by the foreign country, to the targeted individual, whether directly or indirectly stated in the arrangement, contract, or other documentation at issue, in exchange for the individual—

(i)

engaging in the unauthorized transfer of intellectual property, materials, data products, or other nonpublic information owned by a United States entity or developed with a Federal research and development award to the government of a foreign country or an entity based in, funded by, or affiliated with a foreign country regardless of whether that government or entity provided support for the development of the intellectual property, materials, or data products;

(ii)

being required to recruit trainees or researchers to enroll in such program, position, or activity;

(iii)

establishing a laboratory or company, accepting a faculty position, or undertaking any other employment or appointment in a foreign country or with an entity based in, funded by, or affiliated with a foreign country if such activities are in violation of the standard terms and conditions of a Federal research and development award;

(iv)

being unable to terminate the foreign talent recruitment program contract or agreement except in extraordinary circumstances;

(v)

through funding or effort related to the foreign talent recruitment program, being limited in the capacity to carry out a research and development award or required to engage in work that would result in substantial overlap or duplication with a Federal research and development award;

(vi)

being required to apply for and successfully receive funding from the sponsoring foreign government’s funding agencies with the sponsoring foreign organization as the recipient;

(vii)

being required to omit acknowledgment of the recipient institution with which the individual is affiliated, or the Federal research agency sponsoring the research and development award, contrary to the institutional policies or standard terms and conditions of the Federal research and development award;

(viii)

being required to not disclose to the Federal research agency or employing institution the participation of such individual in such program, position, or activity; or

(ix)

having a conflict of interest or conflict of commitment contrary to the standard terms and conditions of the Federal research and development award; and

(B)

a program that is sponsored by—

(i)

a foreign country of concern or an entity based in a foreign country of concern, whether or not directly sponsored by the foreign country of concern;

(ii)

10 U.S.C. 2358 1

1 See References in Text note below.

Public Law 115–232 an academic institution on the list developed under section 1286(c)(8) of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 ( note;  ); or

(iii)

10 U.S.C. 2358¹Public Law 115–232 a foreign talent recruitment program on the list developed under section 1286(c)(9) of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 ( note;  ).

Pub. L. 117–167, div. B, title VI, § 10638Aug. 9, 2022136 Stat. 1669(, , .)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Pub. L. 90–629Oct. 22, 196882 Stat. 1320 section 2751 of Title 22The Arms Export Control Act, referred to in par. (3)(D)(iv), is , , , which is classified principally to chapter 39 (§ 2751 et seq.) of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under and Tables.

Pub. L. 115–232Aug. 13, 2018132 Stat. 2208 section 4801 of Title 50The Export Control Reform Act of 2018, referred to in par. (3)(D)(vi), is subtitle B (§§ 1741–1781) of title XVII of div. A of , , , which is classified principally to chapter 58 (§ 4801 et seq.) of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under and Tables.

Pub. L. 95–223Dec. 28, 197791 Stat. 1626 section 1701 of Title 50The International Emergency Economic Powers Act, referred to in (3)(D)(vii), is title II of , , , which is classified generally to chapter 35 (§ 1701 et seq.) of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under and Tables.

section 1286 of Pub. L. 115–232 section 2358 of Title 10 section 4001 of Title 10Section 1286 of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019, referred to in par. (4)(B)(ii), (iii), is , which was formerly set out as a note under , Armed Forces, prior to transfer and is now set out as a note under .