US Code

Public Law 119-73 (01/23/2026)

42 U.S.C. § 6316

Administration, penalties, enforcement, and preemption

(a)
lsection 6295 of this title1
1 So in original. Probably should be “sections”.
section 6311(1) of this title The provisions of section 6296(a), (b), and (d) of this title, the provisions of subsections () through (s) of , and section  6297 through 6306 of this title shall apply with respect to this part (other than the equipment specified in subparagraphs (B), (C), (D), (I), (J), and (K) of ) to the same extent and in the same manner as they apply in part A. In applying such provisions for the purposes of this part—
(1)
references to sections 6293, 6294, and 6295 of this title shall be considered as references to sections 6314, 6315, and 6313 of this title, respectively;
(2)
references to “this part” shall be treated as referring to part A–1;
(3)
the term “equipment” shall be substituted for the term “product”;
(4)
the term “Secretary” shall be substituted for “Commission” each place it appears (other than in section 6303(c) of title);
(5)
section 6297(a) of this title shall be applied, in the case of electric motors, as if the National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987 was the Energy Policy Act of 1992;
(6)
section 6297(b)(1) of this title shall be applied as if electric motors were fluorescent lamp ballasts and as if the National Appliance Energy Conservation Amendments of 1988 were the Energy Policy Act of 1992;
(7)
section 6297(b)(4) of this titlesection 6295(g) of this titlesection 6313 of this title shall be applied as if electric motors were fluorescent lamp ballasts and as if paragraph (5) of were ;
(8)
section 6313(b) of this title notwithstanding any other provision of law, a regulation or other requirement adopted by a State or subdivision of a State contained in a State or local building code for new construction concerning the energy efficiency or energy use of an electric motor covered under this part is not superseded by the standards for such electric motor established or prescribed under if such regulation or requirement is identical to the standards established or prescribed under such section;
(9)
section 6297(b)(1) of this title in the case of commercial clothes washers, shall be applied as if the National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987 was the Energy Policy Act of 2005; and
(10)
section 6297 of this titlesection 6311(1)(L) of this title shall apply with respect to the equipment described in beginning on the date on which a final rule establishing an energy conservation standard is issued by the Secretary, except that any State or local standard prescribed or enacted for the equipment before the date on which the final rule is issued shall not be preempted until the energy conservation standard established by the Secretary for the equipment takes effect.
(b)
(1)
section 6295(p)(4) of this titlesection 6297(a) of this titlesection 6311(1) of this title The provisions of , section 6296(a), (b), and (d) of this title, , and sections 6298 through 6306 of this title shall apply with respect to the equipment specified in subparagraphs (B), (C), (D), (I), (J), and (K) of to the same extent and in the same manner as they apply in part A. In applying such provisions for the purposes of such equipment, paragraphs (1), (2), (3), and (4) of subsection (a) shall apply.
(2)
(A)
section 6313(a) of this title A standard prescribed or established under shall, beginning on the effective date of such standard, supersede any State or local regulation concerning the energy efficiency or energy use of a product for which a standard is prescribed or established pursuant to such section.
(B)
section 6313(a) of this title Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), a standard prescribed or established under shall not supersede a standard for such a product contained in a State or local building code for new construction if—
(i)
the standard in the building code does not require that the energy efficiency of such product exceed the applicable minimum energy efficiency requirement in amended ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1; and
(ii)
the standard in the building code does not take effect prior to the effective date of the applicable minimum energy efficiency requirement in amended ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1.
(C)
section 6313(a) of this title Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), a standard prescribed or established under shall not supersede the standards established by the State of California set forth in Table C–6, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 2, Chapter 2–53, for water-source heat pumps below 135,000 Btu per hour (cooling capacity) that become effective on .
(D)
section 6313(a) of this titlesection 6297(d) of this title Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), a standard prescribed or established under shall not supersede a State regulation which has been granted a waiver by the Secretary. The Secretary may grant a waiver pursuant to the terms, conditions, criteria, procedures, and other requirements specified in .
(c)
section 6313(b) of this title With respect to any electric motor to which standards are applicable under , the Secretary shall require manufacturers to certify, through an independent testing or certification program nationally recognized in the United States, that such motor meets the applicable standard.
(d)
(1)
section 6297 of this titlesection 6297 of this title Except as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3), shall apply with respect to very large commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment to the same extent and in the same manner as applies under part A on .
(2)
section 6313(a)(9) of this title Any State or local standard issued before , shall not be preempted until the standards established under take effect on .
(e)
(1)
(A)
section 6296 of this titlesection 6295 of this title Subsections (a), (b), and (d) of , subsections (m) through (s) of , and sections 6298 through 6306 of this title shall apply with respect to commercial refrigerators, freezers, and refrigerator-freezers to the same extent and in the same manner as those provisions apply under part A.
(B)
In applying those provisions to commercial refrigerators, freezers, and refrigerator-freezers, paragraphs (1), (2), (3), and (4) of subsection (a) shall apply.
(2)
(A)
Section 6297 of this titlesection 6313(c) of this titlesection 6313(c) of this title shall apply to commercial refrigerators, freezers, and refrigerator-freezers for which standards are established under paragraphs (2) and (3) of to the same extent and in the same manner as those provisions apply under part A on , except that any State or local standard issued before , shall not be preempted until the standards established under paragraphs (2) and (3) of take effect.
(B)
section 6297 of this title In applying in accordance with subparagraph (A), paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) of subsection (a) shall apply.
(3)
(A)
Section 6297 of this title2
2 See References in Text note below.
shall apply to commercial refrigerators, freezers, and refrigerator-freezers for which standards are established under section 6313(c)(4)  of this title to the same extent and in the same manner as the provisions apply under part A on the date of publication of the final rule by the Secretary, except that any State or local standard issued before the date of publication of the final rule by the Secretary shall not be preempted until the standards take effect.
(B)
section 6297 of this title In applying in accordance with subparagraph (A), paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) of subsection (a) shall apply.
(4)
(A)
2section 6297 of this title If the Secretary does not issue a final rule for a specific type of commercial refrigerator, freezer, or refrigerator-freezer within the time frame specified in section 6313(c)(5)  of this title, subsections (b) and (c) of shall not apply to that specific type of refrigerator, freezer, or refrigerator-freezer for the period beginning on the date that is 2 years after the scheduled date for a final rule and ending on the date on which the Secretary publishes a final rule covering the specific type of refrigerator, freezer, or refrigerator-freezer.
(B)
Any State or local standard issued before the date of publication of the final rule shall not be preempted until the final rule takes effect.
(5)
(A)
section 6313(c) of this title In the case of any commercial refrigerator, freezer, or refrigerator-freezer to which standards are applicable under paragraphs (2) and (3) of , the Secretary shall require manufacturers to certify, through an independent, nationally recognized testing or certification program, that the commercial refrigerator, freezer, or refrigerator-freezer meets the applicable standard.
(B)
The Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, encourage the establishment of at least 2 independent testing and certification programs.
(C)
As part of certification, information on equipment energy use and interior volume shall be made available to the Secretary.
(f)
(1)
(A)
(i)
section 6297 of this titlesection 6313(d)(1) of this title Except as provided in clause (ii), shall apply to automatic commercial ice makers for which standards have been established under to the same extent and in the same manner as the section applies under part A on .
(ii)
section 6313(d)(1) of this title Any State standard issued before , shall not be preempted until the standards established under take effect.
(B)
section 6297 of this title In applying to the equipment under subparagraph (A), paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) of subsection (a) shall apply.
(2)
(A)
(i)
section 6297 of this titlesection 6313(d)(2) of this title Except as provided in clause (ii), shall apply to automatic commercial ice makers for which standards have been established under to the same extent and in the same manner as the section applies under part A on the date of publication of the final rule by the Secretary.
(ii)
section 6313(d)(2) of this title Any State standard issued before the date of publication of the final rule by the Secretary shall not be preempted until the standards established under take effect.
(B)
section 6297 of this title In applying in accordance with subparagraph (A), paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) of subsection (a) shall apply.
(3)
(A)
section 6313(d) of this titlesection 6297 of this title If the Secretary does not issue a final rule for a specific type of automatic commercial ice maker within the time frame specified in , subsections (b) and (c) of shall no longer apply to the specific type of automatic commercial ice maker for the period beginning on the day after the scheduled date for a final rule and ending on the date on which the Secretary publishes a final rule covering the specific type of automatic commercial ice maker.
(B)
Any State standard issued before the publication of the final rule shall not be preempted until the standards established in the final rule take effect.
(4)
(A)
The Secretary shall monitor whether manufacturers are reducing harvest rates below tested values for the purpose of bringing non-complying equipment into compliance.
(B)
If the Secretary finds that there has been a substantial amount of manipulation with respect to harvest rates under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall take steps to minimize the manipulation, such as requiring harvest rates to be within 5 percent of tested values.
(g)
(1)
(A)
section 6313(e)(2) of this titlesection 6297 of this title If the Secretary does not issue a final rule for commercial clothes washers within the timeframe specified in , subsections (b) and (c) of shall not apply to commercial clothes washers for the period beginning on the day after the scheduled date for a final rule and ending on the date on which the Secretary publishes a final rule covering commercial clothes washers.
(B)
section 6313(e)(2) of this title Any State or local standard issued before the date on which the Secretary publishes a final rule shall not be preempted until the standards established under take effect.
(2)
The Secretary shall undertake an educational program to inform owners of laundromats, multifamily housing, and other sites where commercial clothes washers are located about the new standard, including impacts on washer purchase costs and options for recovering those costs through coin collection.
(h)

Walk-in coolers and walk-in freezers.—

(1)

Covered types.—

(A)

Relationship to other law.—

(i)

In general .—

section 6297 of this titlesection 6313(f) of this titleExcept as otherwise provided in this subsection, shall apply to walk-in coolers and walk-in freezers for which standards have been established under paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) of to the same extent and in the same manner as the section applies under part A on .
(ii)

State standards .—

section 6313(f) of this titleAny State standard prescribed before , shall not be preempted until the standards established under paragraphs (1) and (2) of take effect.
(B)

Administration .—

section 6297 of this titleIn applying to equipment under subparagraph (A), paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) of subsection (a) shall apply.
(2)

Final rule not timely.—

(A)

In general .—

section 6313(f) of this titlesection 6297 of this titleIf the Secretary does not issue a final rule for a specific type of walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer within the timeframe established under paragraph (4) or (5) of , subsections (b) and (c) of shall no longer apply to the specific type of walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer during the period—
(i)
beginning on the day after the scheduled date for a final rule; and
(ii)
ending on the date on which the Secretary publishes a final rule covering the specific type of walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer.
(B)

State standards .—

Any State standard issued before the publication of the final rule shall not be preempted until the standards established in the final rule take effect.
(3)

California .—

section 6313(f) of this titlesection 6313(f)(4) of this titleAny standard issued in the State of California before , under title 20 of the California Code of Regulations, that refers to walk-in coolers and walk-in freezers, for which standards have been established under paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) of , shall not be preempted until the standards established under take effect.

Pub. L. 94–163, title III, § 345Pub. L. 95–619, title IV, § 441(a)92 Stat. 3272Pub. L. 102–486, title I, § 122(e)106 Stat. 2815Pub. L. 105–388, § 5(a)(7)112 Stat. 3478Pub. L. 109–58, title I, § 136(h)119 Stat. 643Pub. L. 110–140, title III121 Stat. 1561Pub. L. 112–210, § 10(a)(5)126 Stat. 1524(, as added , , ; amended , , ; , , ; , , ; , §§ 308(b), 312(e), , , 1567; , , .)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Pub. L. 100–12101 Stat. 103section 6201 of this titleThe National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987, referred to in subsec. (a)(5), (9), is , , . For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1987 Amendment note set out under and Tables.

Pub. L. 102–486106 Stat. 2776section 13201 of this titleThe Energy Policy Act of 1992, referred to in subsec. (a)(5), (6), is , , . For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under and Tables.

Pub. L. 109–58119 Stat. 594section 15801 of this titleThe Energy Policy Act of 2005, referred to in subsec. (a)(9), is , , . For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under and Tables.

Pub. L. 100–357102 Stat. 671section 6201 of this titleThe National Appliance Energy Conservation Amendments of 1988, referred to in subsec. (a)(6), is , , . For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1988 Amendments note set out under and Tables.

Pub. L. 112–210, § 4(2)126 Stat. 1517Section 6313(c)(4) and (c)(5) of this title, referred to in subsec. (e)(3)(A), (4)(A), were redesignated section 6313(c)(5) and (c)(6) of this title, respectively, by , , .

Amendments

Pub. L. 112–210, § 10(a)(5)(B)2012—, made technical amendment to references in original act which appear in subsecs. (b)(1), (d)(1), (e)(1)(A), (2)(A), (3)(A), (f)(1)(A)(i), (2)(A)(i), and (h)(1)(A)(i) as references to part A.

Pub. L. 112–210, § 10(a)(5)(A)Subsec. (a). , substituted “subparagraphs (B), (C), (D), (I), (J), and (K)” for “subparagraphs (B) through (G)” in introductory provisions.

Pub. L. 112–210, § 10(a)(5)(C)Subsec. (a)(10). , added par. (10).

Pub. L. 112–210, § 10(a)(5)(A)Subsec. (b)(1). , (D), substituted “section 6295(p)(4)” for “section 6295(p)(5)” and “subparagraphs (B), (C), (D), (I), (J), and (K)” for “subparagraphs (B) through (G)”.

Pub. L. 112–210, § 10(a)(5)(E)Subsec. (h)(3). , substituted “section 6313(f)(4)” for “section 6313(f)(3)”.

Pub. L. 110–140, § 312(e)(1)2007—Subsec. (a). , substituted “subparagraphs (B) through (G)” for “subparagraphs (B), (C), (D), (E), and (F)” in introductory provisions.

Pub. L. 110–140section 6295(p)(5) of this titleSubsec. (b)(1). , §§ 308(b), 312(e)(1), inserted “,” after “The provisions of” and substituted “subparagraphs (B) through (G)” for “subparagraphs (B), (C), (D), (E), and (F)”.

Pub. L. 110–140, § 312(e)(2)Subsec. (h). , added subsec. (h).

Pub. L. 109–58, § 136(h)(1)2005—Subsec. (a)(9). , added par. (9).

Pub. L. 109–58, § 136(h)(2)Subsec. (b)(1). , substituted “part A” for “part B”, which for purposes of codification had been translated as “part A” thus requiring no change in text.

Pub. L. 109–58, § 136(h)(3)Subsecs. (d) to (g). , added subsecs. (d) to (g).

Pub. L. 105–3881998—Subsec. (c). inserted “standard” after “meets the applicable”.

Pub. L. 102–486, § 122(e)(3)1992—, substituted “enforcement, and preemption” for “and enforcement” in section catchline.

Pub. L. 102–486, § 122(e)(1)(A)llsection 6295 of this titleSubsec. (a). , inserted “(other than the equipment specified in subparagraphs (B), (C), (D), (E), and (F) of section 6311() of this title)” after “to this part” and substituted “, the provisions of subsections () through (s) of , and section 6297” for “and sections 6298”.

Pub. L. 102–486, § 122(e)(1)(B)Subsec. (a)(1). , substituted “, 6294, and 6295 of this title” for “and 6294 of this title” and “6314, 6315, and 6313 of this title, respectively” for “6314 and 6315 of this title, respectively”.

Pub. L. 102–486, § 122(e)(1)(C)Subsec. (a)(5) to (8). –(E), added pars. (5) to (8).

Pub. L. 102–486, § 122(e)(2)Subsecs. (b), (c). , added subsecs. (b) and (c).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2012 Amendment

Pub. L. 112–210Pub. L. 110–140section 10(a)(13) of Pub. L. 112–210section 6291 of this titleAmendment by effective as if included in the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007, , see , set out as a note under .

Effective Date of 2007 Amendment

Pub. L. 110–140section 1601 of Pub. L. 110–140section 1824 of Title 2Amendment by effective on the date that is 1 day after , see , set out as an Effective Date note under , The Congress.