28 U.S.C. § 604 | Duties of Director generally

(a)

The Director shall be the administrative officer of the courts, and under the supervision and direction of the Judicial Conference of the United States, shall:

(1)

Supervise all administrative matters relating to the offices of clerks and other clerical and administrative personnel of the courts;

(2)

Examine the state of the dockets of the courts; secure information as to the courts’ need of assistance; prepare and transmit semiannually to the chief judges of the circuits, statistical data and reports as to the business of the courts;

(3)

Submit to the annual meeting of the Judicial Conference of the United States, at least two weeks prior thereto, a report of the activities of the Administrative Office and the state of the business of the courts, together with the statistical data submitted to the chief judges of the circuits under paragraph (a)(2) of this section, and the Director’s recommendations, which report, data and recommendations shall be public documents.

(4)

Submit to Congress and the Attorney General copies of the report, data and recommendations required by paragraph (a)(3) of this section;

(5)

section 377 of this title section 373 of this title1

1 So in original. Comma probably should not appear.

April 24, 1999 Fix the compensation of clerks of court, deputies, librarians, criers, messengers, law clerks, secretaries, stenographers, clerical assistants, and other employees of the courts whose compensation is not otherwise fixed by law, and, notwithstanding any other provision of law, pay on behalf of Justices and judges of the United States appointed to hold office during good behavior, United States magistrate judges, bankruptcy judges appointed under chapter 6 of this title, judges of the District Court of Guam, judges of the District Court for the Northern Mariana Islands, judges of the District Court of the Virgin Islands, bankruptcy judges and magistrate judges retired under , and judges retired under , who are, aged 65 or over, any increases in the cost of Federal Employees’ Group Life Insurance imposed after , including any expenses generated by such payments, as authorized by the Judicial Conference of the United States;

(6)

Determine and pay necessary office expenses of courts, judges, and those court officials whose expenses are by law allowable, and the lawful fees of United States magistrate judges;

(7)

section 5702 of title 5 section 456 of this title Regulate and pay annuities to widows and surviving dependent children of justices and judges of the United States, judges of the United States Court of Federal Claims, bankruptcy judges, United States magistrate judges, Directors of the Federal Judicial Center, and Directors of the Administrative Office, and necessary travel and subsistence expenses incurred by judges, court officers and employees, and officers and employees of the Administrative Office, and the Federal Judicial Center, while absent from their official stations on official business, without regard to the per diem allowances and amounts for reimbursement of actual and necessary expenses established by the Administrator of General Services under , except that the reimbursement of subsistence expenses may not exceed that authorized by the Director for judges of the United States under ;

(8)

Disburse appropriations and other funds for the maintenance and operation of the courts;

(9)

section 3152 of title 18 Establish pretrial services pursuant to , United States Code;

(10)

(A)

section 1828 of this title section 1828 of this title Purchase, exchange, transfer, distribute, and assign the custody of lawbooks, equipment, supplies, and other personal property for the judicial branch of Government (except the Supreme Court unless otherwise provided pursuant to paragraph (17)); (B) provide or make available readily to each court appropriate equipment for the interpretation of proceedings in accordance with ; and (C) enter into and perform contracts and other transactions upon such terms as the Director may deem appropriate as may be necessary to the conduct of the work of the judicial branch of Government (except the Supreme Court unless otherwise provided pursuant to paragraph (17)), and contracts for nonpersonal services providing pretrial services, agencies, for the interpretation of proceedings, and for the provision of special interpretation services pursuant to may be awarded without regard to section 6101(b) to (d) of title 41;

(11)

Audit vouchers and accounts of the courts, the Federal Judicial Center, the offices providing pretrial services, and their clerical and administrative personnel;

(12)

Provide accommodations for the courts, the Federal Judicial Center, the offices providing pretrial services and their clerical and administrative personnel;

(13)

Lay before Congress, annually, statistical tables that will accurately reflect the business transacted by the several bankruptcy courts, and all other pertinent data relating to such courts;

(14)

section 1827 of this title Pursuant to , establish a program for the certification and utilization of interpreters in courts of the United States;

(15)

section 1828 of this title Pursuant to , establish a program for the provision of special interpretation services in courts of the United States;

(16)

(A)

In those districts where the Director considers it advisable based on the need for interpreters, authorize the full-time or part-time employment by the court of certified interpreters; (B) where the Director considers it advisable based on the need for interpreters, appoint certified interpreters on a full-time or part-time basis, for services in various courts when he determines that such appointments will result in the economical provision of interpretation services; and (C) pay out of moneys appropriated for the judiciary interpreters’ salaries, fees, and expenses, and other costs which may accrue in accordance with the provisions of sections 1827 and 1828 of this title;

(17)

section 3102(b) of title 5 In the Director’s discretion, (A) accept and utilize voluntary and uncompensated (gratuitous) services, including services as authorized by , United States Code; and (B) accept, hold, administer, and utilize gifts and bequests of personal property for the purpose of aiding or facilitating the work of the judicial branch of Government, but gifts or bequests of money shall be covered into the Treasury;

(18)

Establish procedures and mechanisms within the judicial branch for processing fines, restitution, forfeitures of bail bonds or collateral, and assessments;

(19)

section 377 of this title Regulate and pay annuities to bankruptcy judges and United States magistrate judges in accordance with and paragraphs (1)(B) and (2) of section 2(c) of the Retirement and Survivors’ Annuities for Bankruptcy Judges and Magistrates Act of 1988;

(20)

Periodically compile—

(A)

section 2071 of this title the rules which are prescribed under by courts other than the Supreme Court;

(B)

section 358 of this title the rules which are prescribed under ; and

(C)

section 360(b) of this title the orders which are required to be publicly available under ;

so as to provide a current record of such rules and orders;

(21)

Establish a program of incentive awards for employees of the judicial branch of the United States Government, other than any judge who is entitled to hold office during good behavior;

(22)

Receive and expend, either directly or by transfer to the United States Marshals Service or other Government agency, funds appropriated for the procurement, installation, and maintenance of security equipment and protective services for the United States Courts in courtrooms and adjacent areas, including building ingress/egress control, inspection of packages, directed security patrols, and other similar activities;

(23)

section 178 of this title Regulate and pay annuities to judges of the United States Court of Federal Claims in accordance with ;

(24)

Establish and administer a vulnerability management program in the judicial branch; and

(25)

Perform such other duties as may be assigned to the Director by the Supreme Court or the Judicial Conference of the United States.

(b)

The clerical and administrative personnel of the courts shall comply with all requests by the Director for information or statistical data as to the state of court dockets.

(c)

Inspection of court dockets outside the continental United States may be made through United States officials residing within the jurisdiction where the inspection is made.

(d)

The Director, under the supervision and direction of the conference, shall:

(1)

supervise all administrative matters relating to the offices of the United States magistrate judges;

(2)

gather, compile, and evaluate all statistical and other information required for the performance of his duties and the duties of the conference with respect to such officers;

(3)

section 631 of this title lay before Congress annually statistical tables and other information which will accurately reflect the business which has come before the various United States magistrate judges, including (A) the number of matters in which the parties consented to the exercise of jurisdiction by a magistrate judge, (B) the number of appeals taken pursuant to the decisions of magistrate judges and the disposition of such appeals, and (C) the professional background and qualifications of individuals appointed under to serve as magistrate judge;

(4)

prepare and distribute a manual, with annual supplements and periodic revisions, for the use of such officers, which shall set forth their powers and duties, describe all categories of proceedings that may arise before them, and contain such other information as may be required to enable them to discharge their powers and duties promptly, effectively, and impartially.

(e)

The Director may promulgate appropriate rules and regulations approved by the conference and not inconsistent with any provision of law, to assist him in the performance of the duties conferred upon him by subsection (d) of this section. Magistrate judges shall keep such records and make such reports as are specified in such rules and regulations.

(f)

The Director may make, promulgate, issue, rescind, and amend rules and regulations (including regulations prescribing standards of conduct for Administrative Office employees) as may be necessary to carry out the Director’s functions, powers, duties, and authority. The Director may publish in the Federal Register such rules, regulations, and notices for the judicial branch of Government as the Director determines to be of public interest; and the Director of the Federal Register hereby is authorized to accept and shall publish such materials.

(g)

(1)

When authorized to exchange personal property, the Director may exchange or sell similar items and may apply the exchange allowance or proceeds of sale in such cases in whole or in part payment for the property acquired, but any transaction carried out under the authority of this subsection shall be evidenced in writing.

(2)

The Director hereby is authorized to enter into contracts for public utility services and related terminal equipment for periods not exceeding ten years.

(3)

(A)

In order to promote the recycling and reuse of recyclable materials, the Director may provide for the sale or disposal of recyclable scrap materials from paper products and other consumable office supplies held by an entity within the judicial branch.

(B)

The sale or disposal of recyclable materials under subparagraph (A) shall be consistent with the procedures provided in sections 541–555 of title 40 for the sale of surplus property.

(C)

section 1931 of this title Proceeds from the sale of recyclable materials under subparagraph (A) shall be deposited as offsetting collections to the fund established under and shall remain available until expended to reimburse any appropriations for the operation and maintenance of the judicial branch.

(4)

The Director is hereby authorized:

(A)

2 See References in Text note below.

to enter into contracts for the acquisition of severable services for a period that begins in one fiscal year and ends in the next fiscal year to the same extent as the head of an executive agency under the authority of section 253  of title 41, United States Code;

(B)

² to enter into contracts for multiple years for the acquisition of property and services to the same extent as executive agencies under the authority of section 254c  of title 41, United States Code; and

(C)

² to make advance, partial, progress or other payments under contracts for property or services to the same extent as executive agencies under the authority of section 255  of title 41, United States Code.

(h)

(1)

section 1821 of this title The Director shall, out of funds appropriated for the operation and maintenance of the courts, provide facilities and pay necessary expenses incurred by the judicial councils of the circuits and the Judicial Conference under chapter 16 of this title, including mileage allowance and witness fees, at the same rate as provided in . Administrative and professional assistance from the Administrative Office of the United States Courts may be requested by each judicial council and the Judicial Conference for purposes of discharging their duties under chapter 16 of this title.

(2)

The Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts shall include in his annual report filed with the Congress under this section a summary of the number of complaints filed with each judicial council under chapter 16 of this title, indicating the general nature of such complaints and the disposition of those complaints in which action has been taken.

(i)

Restrictions on Criminal History Inquiries.—

(1)

Definitions .—

In this subsection—

(A)

section 9201 of title 5 the terms “agency” and “criminal history record information” have the meanings given those terms in ;

(B)

the term “covered employee” means an employee of the judicial branch of the United States Government, other than—

(i)

any judge or justice who is entitled to hold office during good behavior;

(ii)

a United States magistrate judge; or

(iii)

a bankruptcy judge; and

(C)

the term “employing office” means any office or entity of the judicial branch of the United States Government that employs covered employees.

(2)

Restriction .—

section 9202 of title 5A covered employee may not request that an applicant for employment as a covered employee disclose criminal history record information if the request would be prohibited under if made by an employee of an agency.

(3)

Employing office policies; complaint procedure .—

The provisions of sections 9203 and 9206 of title 5 shall apply to employing offices and to applicants for employment as covered employees, consistent with regulations issued by the Director to implement this subsection.

(4)

Adverse action.—

(A)

Adverse action .—

section 9204 of title 5The Director may take such adverse action with respect to a covered employee who violates paragraph (2) as would be appropriate under if the violation had been committed by an employee of an agency.

(B)

Appeals .—

The Director shall by rule establish procedures providing for an appeal from any adverse action taken under subparagraph (A) by not later than 30 days after the date of the action.

(C)

Applicability of other laws .—

Except as provided in subparagraph (B), an adverse action taken under subparagraph (A) (including a determination in an appeal from such an action under subparagraph (B)) shall not be subject to appeal or judicial review.

(5)

Regulations to be issued.—

(A)

In general .—

Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of the Fair Chance to Compete for Jobs Act of 2019, the Director shall issue regulations to implement this subsection.

(B)

Parallel with agency regulations .—

The regulations issued under subparagraph (A) shall be the same as substantive regulations promulgated by the Director of the Office of Personnel Management under section 2(b)(1) of the Fair Chance to Compete for Jobs Act of 2019 except to the extent that the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts may determine, for good cause shown and stated together with the regulation, that a modification of such regulations would be more effective for the implementation of the rights and protections under this subsection.

(6)

Effective date .—

section 9202 of title 5Paragraphs (1) through (4) shall take effect on the date on which applies with respect to agencies.

June 25, 1948, ch. 646 62 Stat. 914 Aug. 3, 1956, ch. 944, § 3 70 Stat. 1026 Pub. L. 90–219, title II, § 203(a)Dec. 20, 196781 Stat. 669 Pub. L. 90–578, title II, § 201Oct. 17, 196882 Stat. 1114 Pub. L. 92–397, § 4Aug. 22, 197286 Stat. 580 Pub. L. 93–619, title II, § 204Jan. 3, 197588 Stat. 2089 Pub. L. 95–539Oct. 28, 197892 Stat. 2043 Pub. L. 95–598, title II, § 225Nov. 6, 197892 Stat. 2664 Pub. L. 96–82, § 5Oct. 10, 197993 Stat. 645 Pub. L. 96–458, § 5Oct. 15, 198094 Stat. 2040 Pub. L. 96–523, § 1(c)(1)Dec. 12, 198094 Stat. 3040 Pub. L. 97–267, § 7Sept. 27, 198296 Stat. 1139 Pub. L. 99–554, title I, § 116Oct. 27, 1986100 Stat. 3095 Pub. L. 100–185, § 2Dec. 11, 1987101 Stat. 1279 Pub. L. 100–659, § 6(a)Nov. 15, 1988102 Stat. 3918 Pub. L. 100–702, title IV, § 402(a)Nov. 19, 1988102 Stat. 4650 Pub. L. 101–474, § 5(r)Oct. 30, 1990104 Stat. 1101 Pub. L. 101–647, title XXV, § 2548Nov. 29, 1990104 Stat. 4888 Pub. L. 101–650, title IIIDec. 1, 1990104 Stat. 5111 Pub. L. 102–572, title V, § 503Oct. 29, 1992106 Stat. 4513 Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, § 1000(a)(1) [title III, § 305]Nov. 29, 1999113 Stat. 1535 Pub. L. 106–518, title II, § 204Nov. 13, 2000114 Stat. 2414 Pub. L. 107–217, § 3(g)(1)Aug. 21, 2002116 Stat. 1299 Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title I, § 11043(e)Nov. 2, 2002116 Stat. 1855 Pub. L. 109–115, div. A, title IV, § 407(a)Nov. 30, 2005119 Stat. 2470 Pub. L. 110–177, title V, § 502(a)Jan. 7, 2008121 Stat. 2542 Pub. L. 111–8, div. D, title III, § 307(a)Mar. 11, 2009123 Stat. 648 Pub. L. 111–350, § 5(g)(2)Jan. 4, 2011124 Stat. 3848 Pub. L. 116–92, div. A, title XI, § 1122(e)Dec. 20, 2019133 Stat. 1609 Pub. L. 117–263, div. E, title LIX, § 5936(a)(3)Dec. 23, 2022136 Stat. 3467 (, ; , ; –(c), , ; , title IV, § 402(b)(2), , , 1118; , , ; , , ; , §§ 3, 4, , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , title X, §§ 1008, 1010, 1011, 1020(a)(2), , , 4667, 4668, 4671; , , ; , , ; , §§ 306(e)(1), 321, 325(c)(1), , , 5117, 5121; , title IX, § 902(b)(1), , , 4516; , , , 1501A–37; , title III, § 304(d), , , 2418; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , ; , , .)

Historical and Revision Notes

Mar. 3, 1891, ch. 517 26 Stat. 826 Feb. 9, 1893, ch. 74, § 4 27 Stat. 435 July 30, 1894, ch. 172, § 1 28 Stat. 160 Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 854, § 224 31 Stat. 1224 June 30, 1902, ch. 1329 32 Stat. 528 Mar. 3, 1905, ch. 1487 33 Stat. 1259 Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, § 5 36 Stat. 1088 Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, § 118a June 17, 1930, ch. 509 46 Stat. 774 Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, § 118b Feb. 17, 1936, ch. 75 49 Stat. 1140 Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231 36 Stat. 1136 Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231 Aug. 7, 1939, ch. 501, § 1 53 Stat. 1223 Aug. 23, 1912, ch. 350 37 Stat. 412 Feb. 26, 1919, ch. 49 40 Stat. 1182 July 19, 1919, ch. 24, § 1 41 Stat. 210 Nov. 4, 1919, ch. 93, § 1 41 Stat. 338 Feb. 11, 1921, ch. 46 41 Stat. 1099 Feb. 22, 1921, ch. 70, § 7 41 Stat. 1144 Mar. 4, 1921, ch. 161 41 Stat. 1412 June 1, 1922, ch. 204 42 Stat. 616 Jan. 3, 1923, ch. 21 42 Stat. 1084 Mar. 4, 1923, ch. 265 42 Stat. 1488 May 28, 1924, ch. 204 43 Stat. 221 Feb. 27, 1925, ch. 364 43 Stat. 1030 Apr. 29, 1926, ch. 195 44 Stat. 346 May 21, 1928, ch. 659 45 Stat. 645 Mar. 2, 1929, ch. 488, § 1 45 Stat. 1475 June 16, 1930, ch. 494 46 Stat. 589 May 17, 1932, ch. 190 47 Stat. 158 June 25, 1936, ch. 804 49 Stat. 1921 Apr. 27, 1938, ch. 180 52 Stat. 264 Feb. 10, 1939, ch. 2 53 Stat. 162 June 29, 1939, ch. 248 53 Stat. 902 May 14, 1940, ch. 189 54 Stat. 204 June 28, 1941, ch. 258 55 Stat. 300–302 July 2, 1942, ch. 472 56 Stat. 503 June 28, 1943, ch. 173 57 Stat. 242 June 26, 1944, ch. 277 58 Stat. 357 Dec. 7, 1944, ch. 522, § 1 58 Stat. 796 May 21, 1945, ch. 129 59 Stat. 184 July 5, 1946, ch. 541 60 Stat. 478 Based on sections 726–1 and 726a of title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Criminal Code and Criminal Procedure, and sections 1130(a)(b) and 1131 of title 26, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Internal Revenue Code, title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., §§ 9, 128, 222a, 245, 268a, 278a, 302–306, 374b, 446, 447, 450, 544, 545, 547, 557, 558, 560, 561, 561a, 562, 563, 565, 566, 595, and 596 and sections 11–204 and 11–403, District of Columbia Code, 1940 ed. (R.S. §§ 1075, 1085; , §§ 2, 9, , 829; , ; , ; , ; , ; , ; , ; , as added , ; , as added , ; , §§ 140, 163, 171, 189–193, 291, , 1140, 1141, 1143, 1167; , §§ 304, 305, 308, as added , ; , ; , §§ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, ; , ; , ; , ; , ; , ; , title II, ; , title II, ; , ; , title II, ; , title II, ; , title II, , 347; , ; , ; , ; , ; , ; , title II, § 1, ; , §§ 1130(a)(b), 1131, , 163; , title II, ; , titles III, IV, , 209, 210; , title IV, ; , title IV, , 504; , title II, § 201, , 243; , title II, § 201, ; , ; , titles II, IV, , 199; , title IV, , 479).

For purposes of uniformity, all provisions of law governing the regulation and allowance of office, travel, and subsistence expenses of all officers and employees of the courts, except those provisions relating to Supreme Court officers and employees, are incorporated in subsection (a)(6)(7) of this section. Likewise the provisions respecting the compensation of court officers and employees, except those of the Supreme Court, are incorporated in subsection (a)(5). In each instance the power to fix and determine such salaries and expenses is transferred to the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts. This change is in conformity with the Administrative Office Act 1939 included in this chapter.

section 753 of this titleCompensation of bailiffs however is provided by sections 713 and 755 of this title and that of court reporters by .

section 792 of this titleSalaries and travel expenses of Court of Claims Commissioners are covered by .

The language “and the lawful fees of United States Commissioners” in subsection (a)(6) and “the offices of the United States Commissioners” in subsection (a)(9) is new. It conforms with sections 633, 636 and 639 of this title.

Subsection (a)(5)(7) covers the provisions of section 726–1 and 726a of title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., which provided that probation officers’ salaries should not be less than $1,800 nor more than $3,600 per annum and their traveling expenses should not exceed more than 4 cents per mile.

Words “and officers and employees of the Administrative Office” were added in subsection (a)(7) to expressly authorize travel and subsistence expenses of such officers and employees.

The power to fix such pay and allowances is transferred to the Director as above indicated, and conforms with the Administrative Office Act of 1939. For further explanation of the general supervision of probation officers, see reviser’s note under section 3654, H. Rept. to accompany H.R. 3190 for revision of title 18, U.S.C.

section 1131 of title 26Subsection (a)(8) covers the provisions of , U.S.C. 1940 ed. Such section 1131 authorized the Tax Court, successor to the Board of Tax Appeals, to make expenditures for personal services, rent, law books, reference books, periodicals, and provided that all expenditures should be paid out of appropriations for the Tax Court, on itemized vouchers approved by the court.

Two references to “officials and employees covered by this chapter” were changed to “clerical and administrative personnel,” following the language of paragraph (a)(1), conferring general power to supervise such personnel as respects administrative matters.

Similar language was used in paragraph (b) instead of “The clerks of the district courts, their deputies and assistants, and all other employees of said courts.”

section 374b of title 28The provisions of , U.S.C., 1940 ed., based on successive acts relating to classification and compensation of secretaries and law clerks were omitted as temporary and unnecessary in revision, in view of subsection (a)(5) of this section under which the salaries of all personnel are necessarily limited by current appropriation acts.

Act June 30, 1945, ch. 212 For increases in basic rates of compensation for other judicial officers and employees see, also, section 521 of .

section 45 of this titleThe designation “senior circuit judges” was changed to “chief judges of the circuits” in conformity with .

section 952 of this title section 1913 of this titleProvisions of section 11–204 of District of Columbia Code, 1940 ed., relating to appointment of clerk of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia, and deputy clerk, crier, and messenger thereof, and the provisions relating to accounting for fees, are incorporated in sections 711 and 713 of this title. Provisions of said section, requiring the clerk of such court to give bond, were omitted as covered by . Provisions of said section, relating to regulation of clerk’s fees by such court were omitted so as to render uniform the method of such regulation as prescribed by , and the provisions of said section, placing a maximum of five hundred dollars per year on the office expenditures of the clerk of such court, were omitted as inconsistent with this consolidated section.

For distribution of other provisions of sections on which this section is based, see Distribution Table.

Changes were made in phraseology and arrangement.

Senate Revision Amendments

By Senate amendment, all provisions relating to the Tax Court were eliminated, therefore, as finally enacted, sections 1130(a)(b) and 1131 of Title 26, U.S.C., Internal Revenue Code [1940 ed.], did not constitute part of the source of this section. However, no change in the text of the section was necessary. See 80th Congress Senate Report No. 1559.

act July 9, 1947, ch. 211, title IV 61 Stat. 304 As finally enacted, part of , , 305, which was classified to title 28, U.S.C., 1946 ed., § 374b, became one of the sources of this section and was accordingly included in the schedule of repeals by Senate amendment. See 80th Congress Senate Report No. 1559.

Editorial Notes

References in Text

section 2(c) of Pub. L. 100–659Nov. 15, 1988102 Stat. 3916 section 377 of this titleSection 2(c) of the Retirement and Survivors’ Annuities for Bankruptcy Judges and Magistrates Act of 1988, referred to in subsec. (a)(19), is , , , which is set out as a note under .

lact June 30, 1949, ch. 288 lsection 3902 of Title 41 Pub. L. 111–350Jan. 4, 2011124 Stat. 3677 Section 253 of title 41, United States Code, referred to in subsec. (g)(4)(A), probably means section 303L of , which was classified to section 253 of former Title 41, Public Contracts, and was repealed and restated as , Public Contracts, by , §§ 3, 7(b), , , 3855.

Section 254c of title 41act June 30, 1949, ch. 288 section 3903 of Title 41 Pub. L. 111–350Jan. 4, 2011124 Stat. 3677 , United States Code, referred to in subsec. (g)(4)(B), probably means section 304B of , which was classified to section 254c of former Title 41, Public Contracts, and was repealed and restated as , Public Contracts, by , §§ 3, 7(b), , , 3855.

Section 255 of title 41act June 30, 1949, ch. 288 Pub. L. 111–350Jan. 4, 2011124 Stat. 3677 , United States Code, referred to in subsec. (g)(4)(C), probably means section 305 of , which was classified to section 255 of former Title 41, Public Contracts, and was repealed and restated as chapter 45 (§ 4501 et seq.) of Title 41, Public Contracts, by , §§ 3, 7(b), , , 3855.

Pub. L. 116–92Dec. 20, 2019The date of enactment of the Fair Chance to Compete for Jobs Act of 2019, referred to in subsec. (i)(5)(A), is the date of enactment of subtitle B of title XI of div. A of , which was approved .

section 1122(b)(1) of Pub. L. 116–92 section 9201 of Title 5Section 2(b)(1) of the Fair Chance to Compete for Jobs Act of 2019, referred to in subsec. (i)(5)(B), probably means , which relates to regulations and is set out as a note under , Government Organization and Employees.

Amendments

Pub. L. 117–2632022—Subsec. (a)(24), (25). substituted “the Director” for “him” in par. (24), redesignated par. (24) as (25), and added new par. (24).

Pub. L. 116–922019—Subsec. (i). added subsec. (i).

Pub. L. 111–350 41 U.S.C. 52011—Subsec. (a)(10)(C). substituted “section 6101(b) to (d) of title 41” for “section 3709 of the Revised Statutes of the United States ()”.

Pub. L. 111–8 section 377 of this title section 373 of this title section 631 of this title2009—Subsec. (a)(5). substituted “, United States magistrate judges, bankruptcy judges appointed under chapter 6 of this title, judges of the District Court of Guam, judges of the District Court for the Northern Mariana Islands, judges of the District Court of the Virgin Islands, bankruptcy judges and magistrate judges retired under , and judges retired under , who are” for “magistrate judges appointed under ,”.

Pub. L. 110–177 section 631 of this title2008—Subsec. (a)(5). inserted “magistrate judges appointed under ,” after “hold office during good behavior”.

Pub. L. 109–1152005—Subsec. (g)(4). added par. (4).

Pub. L. 107–273, § 11043(e)(1)(A)2002—Subsec. (a)(20)(B). , substituted “358” for “372(c)(11)”.

Pub. L. 107–273, § 11043(e)(1)(B)Subsec. (a)(20)(C). , substituted “360(b)” for “372(c)(15)”.

Pub. L. 107–217 40 U.S.C. 484Subsec. (g)(3)(B). substituted “sections 541–555 of title 40” for “section 203 of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 ()”.

Pub. L. 107–273, § 11043(e)(2)(A)Subsec. (h)(1). , substituted “chapter 16” for “section 372” in two places.

Pub. L. 107–273, § 11043(e)(2)(B)Subsec. (h)(2). , substituted “chapter 16” for “section 372(c)”.

Pub. L. 106–518, § 304(d)2000—Subsec. (a)(8). , amended par. (8) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (8) read as follows: “Disburse, directly or through the several United States marshals, moneys appropriated for the maintenance and operation of the courts;”.

Pub. L. 106–518, § 204Subsec. (a)(24). , struck out the second par. (24) which read as follows: “Lay before Congress, annually, statistical tables that will accurately reflect the business imposed on the Federal courts by the savings and loan crisis.”

Pub. L. 106–113April 24, 19991999—Subsec. (a)(5). inserted before semicolon at end “, and, notwithstanding any other provision of law, pay on behalf of Justices and judges of the United States appointed to hold office during good behavior, aged 65 or over, any increases in the cost of Federal Employees’ Group Life Insurance imposed after , including any expenses generated by such payments, as authorized by the Judicial Conference of the United States”.

Pub. L. 102–572, § 902(b)(1)1992—Subsec. (a)(7), (23). , substituted “United States Court of Federal Claims” for “United States Claims Court”.

Pub. L. 102–572, § 503Subsec. (g)(3). , added par. (3).

Pub. L. 101–650, § 325(c)(1)Pub. L. 100–702, § 10111990—Subsec. (a)(7). , amended . See 1988 Amendment note below.

Pub. L. 101–650, § 306(e)(1)(B)(i), inserted “judges of the United States Claims Court,” before “bankruptcy judges”.

Pub. L. 101–474, § 5(r)Pub. L. 101–650, § 306(e)(1)(A)Pub. L. 100–702, § 402(a)(1)Subsec. (a)(19). , and , made identical technical amendment to directory language of . See 1988 Amendment note below.

Pub. L. 101–650, § 306(e)(1)(B)(iii)Subsec. (a)(23). , added par. (23). Former par. (23) redesignated (24).

Pub. L. 101–474, § 5(r)Pub. L. 101–650, § 306(e)(1)(A)Pub. L. 100–702, § 402(a)(1), and , made identical technical amendments to directory language of . See 1988 Amendment note below.

Pub. L. 101–650, § 306(e)(1)(B)(ii)Subsec. (a)(24). , redesignated par. (23), relating to performance of other duties, as (24).

Pub. L. 101–647 added par. (24) relating to statistical tables.

Pub. L. 100–702, § 1020(a)(2)1988—Subsec. (a)(2). , substituted “semiannually” for “quarterly”.

Pub. L. 100–702, § 1011 Pub. L. 101–650, § 325(c)(1)section 5702 of title 5 section 456 of this titleSubsec. (a)(7). , as amended by , which directed amendment of par. (7) “by [sic] at the end the following: ‘without regard to the per diem allowances and amounts for reimbursement of actual and necessary expenses established by the Administrator of General Services under , except that the reimbursement of subsistence expenses may not exceed that authorized by the Director for judges of the United States under ;’ ” was executed by inserting the new language after the comma at the end to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Pub. L. 100–659, § 6(a)(1), inserted “bankruptcy judges, United States magistrates,” after “United States,”.

Pub. L. 100–702, § 1008(1)Subsec. (a)(14), (15). , redesignated par. (14), relating to provision of special interpretation services in courts of United States, as (15). Former par. (15) redesignated (16).

Pub. L. 100–702, § 1008(1)Subsec. (a)(16), (17). , redesignated pars. (15) and (16) as (16) and (17), respectively. Former par. (17) redesignated (18).

Pub. L. 100–702, § 1008(1)Pub. L. 100–659Subsec. (a)(18). , redesignated par. (17) as (18). Former par. (18), as added by , redesignated (19).

Pub. L. 100–659, § 6(a)(3), added par. (18). Former par. (18) redesignated (19).

Pub. L. 100–702, § 1008(2)Pub. L. 100–702, § 402(a)(2)Subsec. (a)(19). , redesignated par. (19), as added by , as (20).

Pub. L. 100–702, § 402(a)Pub. L. 101–474, § 5(r)Pub. L. 101–650, § 306(e)(1)(A), as amended by , and , redesignated par. (19), relating to performance of other duties, as (23) and added par. (19) relating to compilation of rules and orders.

Pub. L. 100–659, § 6(a)(2), redesignated par. (18), relating to performance of other duties, as (19).

Pub. L. 100–702, § 1008(2)Pub. L. 100–702, § 402(a)(2)Subsec. (a)(20). , redesignated par. (19), as added by , as (20).

Pub. L. 100–702, § 1008(2)Subsec. (a)(21). , added par. (21).

Pub. L. 100–702, § 1010Subsec. (a)(22). , added par. (22).

Pub. L. 100–702, § 402(a)(1)Pub. L. 101–474, § 5(r)Pub. L. 101–650, § 306(e)(1)(A)Subsec. (a)(23). , as amended by , and , redesignated par. (19), relating to performance of other duties, as (23).

Pub. L. 100–1851987—Subsec. (a)(17), (18). added par. (17) and redesignated former par. (17) as (18).

Pub. L. 99–554 Pub. L. 95–598, § 225(b)1986—Subsec. (f). struck out subsec. (f) as added by , which related to the Director naming qualified persons to membership on the panel of trustees, their number, qualifications, removal, etc.

Pub. L. 97–267, § 7(1)1982—Subsec. (a)(9). , struck out “agencies” after “pretrial services”.

Pub. L. 97–267, § 7(2)Subsec. (a)(10). , substituted “providing pretrial services” for “for pretrial services agencies”.

Pub. L. 97–267, § 7(3)Subsec. (a)(11). , substituted “offices providing pretrial services” for “pretrial service agencies”.

Pub. L. 97–267, § 7(4)Subsec. (a)(12). , substituted “offices providing pretrial services” for “pretrial services agencies”.

Pub. L. 96–5231980—Subsec. (a)(16)(A). inserted “(b)” after “3102”.

Pub. L. 96–458Subsec. (h). added subsec. (h).

Pub. L. 96–821979—Subsec. (d)(3). added cls. (A), (B), and (C).

Pub. L. 95–539, § 3(a)section 1828 of this title section 5 of title 41 section 1828 of this title1978—Subsec. (a)(10). , expanded the duties of the Director to include providing or making available equipment for interpretation of proceedings in accordance with and to include entering into and performing contracts necessary to the conduct of the work of the judicial branch and exempted from the provisions of contracts for nonpersonal services for pretrial agencies, for interpretation of proceedings, and for special interpretation services pursuant to .

Pub. L. 95–598, § 225(a)Subsec. (a)(13), (14). , added par. (13) relating to annual statistical tables reflecting the business of the several bankruptcy courts, and redesignated former par. (13), relating to provision of special interpretation services in courts of the United States, as (14).

Pub. L. 95–539, § 3(b)Subsec. (a)(13) to (16). , (c), added pars. (13) to (16). Former par. (13) redesignated (17).

Pub. L. 95–539, § 3(b)Subsec. (a)(17). , redesignated former par. (13) as (17).

Pub. L. 95–598, § 225(b)Subsec. (f). , added subsec. (f) relating to the naming of qualified persons to membership on the panel of trustees.

Pub. L. 95–539, § 4Subsecs. (f), (g). , added subsecs. (f) and (g).

Pub. L. 93–6191975—Subsec. (a)(9). added par. (9). Former par. (9) redesignated (10).

Pub. L. 93–619Subsec. (a)(10). redesignated former par. (9) as (10) and substituted “the offices of the United States magistrates and commissioners, and the offices of pretrial services agencies” for “and the Administrative Office and the offices of the United States magistrates”. Former par. (10) redesignated (11).

Pub. L. 93–619Subsec. (a)(11). redesignated former par. (10) as (11) and inserted reference to pretrial service agencies. Former par. (11) redesignated (12).

Pub. L. 93–619Subsec. (a)(12). redesignated former par. (11) as (12) and inserted reference to pretrial service agencies. Former par. (12) redesignated (13).

Pub. L. 93–619Subsec. (a)(13). redesignated former (12) as (13).

Pub. L. 92–3971972—Subsec. (a)(7). substituted “children of justices and judges of the United States” for “children of judges”.

Pub. L. 90–578, § 201(a)1968—Subsec. (a)(9). , substituted “United States magistrates” for “United States Commissioners”.

Pub. L. 90–578Subsecs. (d), (e). § 201(b), added subsecs. (d) and (e).

Pub. L. 90–219, § 203(a)1967—Subsec. (a)(7). , amended par. (7) generally, inserting “, Directors of the Federal Judicial Center, and Directors of the Administrative Office,” after “judges” and “and the Federal Judicial Center,” after “Administrative Office”.

Pub. L. 90–219, § 203(b)Subsec. (a)(9). , inserted “, the Federal Judicial Center,” after “courts”.

Pub. L. 90–219, § 203(c)Subsec. (a)(10), (11). , inserted “, the Federal Judicial Center,” after “courts”.

Aug. 3, 19561956—Subsec. (a)(7). Act , inserted “annuities to widows and surviving dependent children of judges and” after “Regulate and pay”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

section 321 of Pub. L. 101–650 section 631 of this title section 402(b)(2) of Pub. L. 90–578“United States magistrate judges”, “magistrate judge”, “magistrate judges”, and “Magistrate judges” substituted for “United States magistrates”, “magistrate”, “magistrates”, and “Magistrates”, respectively, wherever appearing in text pursuant to , set out as a note under . Previously, “United States magistrates” substituted for “United States Commissioners” pursuant to . See chapter 43 (§ 631 et seq.) of this title.

Effective Date of 2009 Amendment

Pub. L. 111–8, div. D, title III, § 307(c)Mar. 11, 2009123 Stat. 649

section 8701 of Title 5 Public Law 110–177Jan. 7, 2008“Subsection (b) [enacting provisions set out as a note under , Government Organization and Employees] and the amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with respect to any payment made on or after the first day of the first applicable pay period beginning on or after the date of the enactment of [].”

, , , provided that:

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Pub. L. 110–177, title V, § 502(c)Jan. 7, 2008121 Stat. 2542

section 8701 of Title 5Jan. 7, 2008“Subsection (b) [enacting provisions set out as a note under , Government Organization and Employees] and the amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with respect to any payment made on or after the first day of the first applicable pay period beginning on or after the date of enactment of this Act [].”

, , , provided that:

Effective Date of 1992 Amendment

section 503 of Pub. L. 102–572Jan. 1, 1993section 1101(a) of Pub. L. 102–572 section 905 of Title 2Amendment by effective , see , set out as a note under , The Congress.

section 902(b)(1) of Pub. L. 102–572Oct. 29, 1992section 911 of Pub. L. 102–572 section 171 of this titleAmendment by effective , see , set out as a note under .

Effective Date of 1990 Amendment

section 306(e)(1) of Pub. L. 101–650Dec. 1, 1990section 306(f) of Pub. L. 101–650 section 8331 of Title 5Amendment by applicable to judges of, and senior judges in active service with, the United States Court of Federal Claims on or after , see , as amended, set out as a note under , Government Organization and Employees.

Effective Date of 1988 Amendments

section 402(a) of Pub. L. 100–702Dec. 1, 1988section 407 of Pub. L. 100–702 section 2071 of this titleAmendment by effective , see , set out as a note under .

Pub. L. 100–659Nov. 15, 1988Nov. 15, 1988July 31, 1987section 9 of Pub. L. 100–659 section 377 of this titleAmendment by effective , and applicable to bankruptcy judges and magistrate judges who retire on or after , with exception for judges and magistrate judges retiring on or after , see , as amended, set out as an Effective Date note under .

Effective Date of 1986 Amendment

Pub. L. 99–554Oct. 27, 1986section 302(a) of Pub. L. 99–554 section 581 of this titleAmendment by effective 30 days after , see , set out as a note under .

Effective Date of 1980 Amendments

Pub. L. 96–523Dec. 12, 1980section 3 of Pub. L. 96–523 section 3102 of Title 5Amendment by effective sixty days after , see , set out as a note under , Government Organization and Employees.

Pub. L. 96–458Oct. 1, 1981section 7 of Pub. L. 96–458 section 331 of this titleAmendment by effective , see , set out as a note under .

Effective Date of 1978 Amendments

Pub. L. 95–598Oct. 1, 1979section 402(c) of Pub. L. 95–598 section 101 of Title 11Amendment by effective , see , set out as an Effective Date note preceding , Bankruptcy.

Pub. L. 95–539Oct. 28, 1978section 10(a) of Pub. L. 95–539 section 602 of this titleAmendment by effective , see , set out as a note under .

Effective Date of 1968 Amendment

Pub. L. 90–578Oct. 17, 1968Pub. L. 90–578Oct. 17, 1968section 403 of Pub. L. 90–578 section 631 of this titleAmendment by effective , except when a later effective date is applicable, which is the earlier of date when implementation of amendment by appointment by magistrates [now United States magistrate judges] and assumption of office takes place or third anniversary of enactment of on , see , set out as a note under .

Termination of Reporting Requirements

May 15, 2000section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66 section 1113 of Title 31For termination, effective , of provisions in subsecs. (a)(4), (d)(3), and (h)(2) of this section relating to reporting certain information annually to Congress, see , as amended, set out as a note under , Money and Finance, and page 12 of House Document No. 103–7.

Expiration of Authorities

Pub. L. 109–115, div. A, title IV, § 407(c)Nov. 30, 2005119 Stat. 2471 section 612 of this titleSept. 30, 2010Pub. L. 111–8, div. D, title III, § 308Mar. 11, 2009123 Stat. 649 , , , which provided that the authorities granted in this section (amending this section and ) were to expire on , was repealed by , , .

Reports by Director of Administrative Office of United States Courts

section 604(a)(3) of this title section 903(a) of Pub. L. 100–702 section 651 of this titleFor requirement that Director of Administrative Office of the United States Courts include statistical information about implementation of chapter 44 of this title in annual report under , see , set out as a note under .

Increase in Pay Rates of Judicial Branch Employees Whose Rates of Pay Are Fixed by Administrative Action1970

section 2(a) of Pub. L. 91–231Dec. 27, 1969Pub. L. 91–231 section 5332 of Title 5Adjustment of rates of pay of judicial branch employees whose rates of pay are fixed by administrative action by not to exceed the amounts of the adjustment for corresponding rates for employees subject to the , which raised such corresponding rates by 6 percent, effective on the first day of the first pay period which begins on or after , see , formerly set out as a note under , Government Organization and Employees.

Compensation and Appointment of Secretaries and Law Clerks

Provisions authorizing the appointment and compensation of secretaries and law clerks to circuit and district judges in such number and at such rates of compensation as may be determined by the Judicial Conference of the United States were contained in the following appropriation acts:

Dec. 12, 1985Pub. L. 99–180, title IV99 Stat. 1154 , , .

Aug. 30, 1984Pub. L. 98–411, title IV98 Stat. 1571 , , .

Nov. 28, 1983Pub. L. 98–166, title IV97 Stat. 1099 , , .

Dec. 21, 1982Pub. L. 97–377, § 101(d) [S. 2956, title IV]96 Stat. 1866 , , .

Dec. 15, 1981Pub. L. 97–92, § 101(h)Pub. L. 96–536, § 101o95 Stat. 1190 , [incorporating (); H.R. 7584, title IV], .

Dec. 16, 1980Pub. L. 96–536, § 101o94 Stat. 3169 , () [H.R. 7584, title IV], .

Sept. 24, 1979Pub. L. 96–68, title IV93 Stat. 428 , , .

Oct. 10, 1978Pub. L. 95–431, title IV92 Stat. 1037 , , .

Aug. 2, 1977Pub. L. 95–86, title IV91 Stat. 435 , , .

July 14, 1976Pub. L. 94–362, title IV90 Stat. 953 , , .

Oct. 21, 1975Pub. L. 94–121, title IV89 Stat. 630 , , .

Oct. 5, 1974Pub. L. 93–433, title IV88 Stat. 1202 , , .

Nov. 27, 1973Pub. L. 93–162, title IV87 Stat. 651 , , .

Oct. 25, 1972Pub. L. 92–544, title IV86 Stat. 1126 , , .

Aug. 10, 1971Pub. L. 92–77, title IV85 Stat. 262 , , .

Oct. 21, 1970Pub. L. 91–472, title IV84 Stat. 1056 , , .

Dec. 24, 1969Pub. L. 91–153, title IV83 Stat. 419 , , .

Aug. 9, 1968Pub. L. 90–470, title IV82 Stat. 685 , , .

Nov. 8, 1967Pub. L. 90–133, title IV81 Stat. 427 , , .

Nov. 8, 1966Pub. L. 89–797, title IV80 Stat. 1499 , , .

Sept. 2, 1965Pub. L. 89–164, title IV79 Stat. 638 , , .

Aug. 31, 1964Pub. L. 88–527, title IV78 Stat. 729 , , .

Dec. 30, 1963Pub. L. 88–245, title IV77 Stat. 795 , , .

Oct. 18, 1962Pub. L. 87–843, title IV76 Stat. 1099 , , .

Sept. 21, 1961Pub. L. 87–264, title III75 Stat. 555 , , .

Aug. 31, 1960Pub. L. 86–678, title III74 Stat. 566 , , .

July 13, 1959Pub. L. 86–84, title III73 Stat. 192 , , .

June 30, 1958Pub. L. 85–474, title III72 Stat. 254 , , .

June 11, 1957Pub. L. 85–40, title III70 Stat. 65 , , .

June 20, 1956, ch. 414 70 Stat. 310 , title III, .

July 7, 1955, ch. 279 69 Stat. 276 , title III, .

July 2, 1954, ch. 455 68 Stat. 410 , title II, .

Aug. 1, 1953, ch. 304 67 Stat. 334 , title II, .

July 10, 1952, ch. 651 66 Stat. 569 , title IV, .

Oct. 22, 1951, ch. 533 65 Stat. 596 , title IV, .

Sept. 6, 1950, ch. 896 64 Stat. 631 , Ch. III, title IV, .

Limitation on Aggregate Salaries of Secretaries and Law Clerks

Pub. L. 90–206, title II, § 213(b)Dec. 16, 196781 Stat. 635

section 5332 of Title 5 section 202(a) of this title section 5332(a) of Title 5 section 5332 of Title 5“The limitations provided by applicable law on the effective date of this section [see Effective Date of 1967 Amendment Note set out under , Government Organization and Employees] with respect to the aggregate salaries payable to secretaries and law clerks of circuit and district judges are hereby increased by amounts which reflect the respective applicable increases provided by [amending ] in corresponding rates of compensation for officers and employees subject to , United States Code”.

1967—, , , provided that:

Section 213(b) of Pub. L. 90–206Oct. 1, 1967section 220(a)(2) of Pub. L. 90–206 section 5332 of Title 5 effective as of the beginning of the first pay period which begins on or after , see , set out as a note under .

Pub. L. 89–504, title II, § 202(b)July 18, 196680 Stat. 294

“The limitations provided by applicable law on the effective date of this section with respect to the aggregate salaries payable to secretaries and law clerks of circuit and district judges are hereby increased by amounts which reflect the respective applicable increases provided by section 102(a) of title I of this Act [amending section 1113(b) of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees] in corresponding rates of compensation for officers and employees subject to the Classification Act of 1949, as amended [chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees].”

1966—, , , provided that:

July 1, 1966section 203 of Pub. L. 89–504 section 603 of this titleProvision effective first day of first pay period which begins on or after , see , set out as a note under .

Pub. L. 89–301, § 12(b)Oct. 29, 196579 Stat. 1122

“The limitations provided by applicable law on the effective date of this section with respect to the aggregate salaries payable to secretaries and law clerks of circuit and district judges are hereby increased by amounts which reflect the respective applicable increases provided by section 2(a) of this Act [amending section 1113(b) of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees] in corresponding rates of compensation for officers and employees subject to the Classification Act of 1949, as amended [chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees].”

1965—, , , provided that:

Pub. L. 88–426, title IV, § 402(b)Aug. 14, 196478 Stat. 433

“The limitation provided by applicable law on the effective date of this section with respect to the aggregate salaries payable to secretaries and law clerks of circuit and district judges are hereby increased by amounts which reflect the respective applicable increases provided by the title I of this Act in corresponding rates of compensation for officers and employees subject to the Classification Act of 1949, as amended [chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees].”

1964—, , , provided that:

Pub. L. 87–793, title VI, § 1004(b)Oct. 11, 196276 Stat. 866

Oct. 11, 1962January 1, 1964January 1, 1964“The limitations provided by applicable law on the effective date of this section with respect to the aggregate salaries payable to secretaries and law clerks of circuit and district judges are hereby increased by two amounts, the first amount to be effective for the period beginning as of the first day of the first pay period which begins on or after the date of enactment of this Act [], and ending immediately prior to the first day of the first pay period which begins on or after , and the second amount to be effective on the first day of the first pay period which begins on or after , and thereafter, which reflect the respective applicable increases provided by title II of this part in corresponding rates of compensation for officers and employees subject to the Classification Act of 1949, as amended [chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees].”

1962—, , , provided that:

Pub. L. 86–568, title I, § 116(b)July 1, 196074 Stat. 303

1960—, , , provided that:

Pub. L. 86–568 section 753 of this title section 590h of Title 16 section 867 of Title 22Words “this part”, referred to above, means Part B of , which enacted section 932e of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, amended , sections 1113, 2091, 2252 and 3002 of former Title 5, sections 867 and 870 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse, and former sections 4103, 4107 and 4108 of Title 38, Veterans’ Benefits, and enacted notes set out under sections 603 and 604 of this title, sections 60a and 60f of Title 2, The Congress, sections 1113, and 2252 of former Title 5, , Conservation, and ,

Pub. L. 85–462, § 3(b)June 20, 195872 Stat. 207

71 Stat. 65 Public Law 85–49“The limitations of $13,485 and $18,010 with respect to the aggregate salaries payable to secretaries and law clerks of circuit and district judges, contained in the paragraph designated “Salaries of supporting personnel” in the Judiciary Appropriation Act, 1958 (; ), or any subsequent appropriation Act, shall be increased by the amounts necessary to pay the additional basic compensation provided by this Act.”

1958—, , , provided that:

Act June 28, 1955, ch. 189, § 3(b) 69 Stat. 175

salaries of supporting personnel“The limitations of $10,560 and $14,355 with respect to the aggregate salaries payable to secretaries and law clerks of circuit and district judges, contained in the paragraph under the heading ‘’ in the Judiciary Appropriation Act, 1955 (Public Law 470, Eighty-third Congress), or in any subsequent appropriation Act, shall be increased by the amounts necessary to pay the additional basic compensation provided by this Act.”

1955—, , provided that:

Act Oct. 24, 1951, ch. 554, § 1(d) 65 Stat. 613

“The limitations of $9,600 and $13,050 with respect to the aggregate salaries payable to secretaries and law clerks of circuit and district judges, contained in the sixteenth paragraph under the head ‘Miscellaneous salaries’ in the Judiciary Appropriation Act, 1951 (Public Law 759, Eighty-first Congress), or in any subsequent appropriation Act, shall be increased by the amounts necessary to pay the additional basic compensation provided by this Act.”

1951—, , provided that:

act Sept. 6, 1950, ch. 896 64 Stat. 631 act Oct. 22, 1951, ch. 533, title IV, § 401 65 Stat. 596 The particular paragraph of the “Judiciary Appropriation Act, 1951 (Public Law 759, Eighty-first Congress)”, referred to above, is , ch. III, title IV, § 401 (part), . The salary limitations therein, also referred to above, were identical with those in the Judiciary Appropriation Act, 1952 ( (part), ).

Increases in Compensation Rates

section 603 of this titleIncreases in rates of basic compensation fixed pursuant to subsec. (a)(5) of this section, see notes under .

Travel and Subsistence Expenses

Pub. L. 87–139, § 6Aug. 14, 196175 Stat. 340

section 456 of title 28 section 553 of this titleo“The Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts shall promulgate, in accordance with section 604(a)(7) and of the United States Code, such regulations as he may deem necessary to effectuate the increases provided by this Act [amending , former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, and sections 237, 287q, and 1471 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse].”

, , , provided that: