42 U.S.C. § 1437f

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Pub. L. 102–550Oct. 28, 1992106 Stat. 3672section 5301 of this titleThe Housing and Community Development Act of 1992, referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(C), (D), is , , . Subtitle C of title VI of the Act is classified generally to subchapter I (§ 13601 et seq.) of chapter 135 of this title. Subtitle D of title VI of the Act is classified principally to subchapter II (§ 13611 et seq.) of chapter 135 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1992 Amendment note set out under and Tables.

oPub. L. 105–65Oct. 27, 1997111 Stat. 1384section 1701 of Title 12The Multifamily Assisted Housing Reform and Affordability Act of 1997, referred to in subsecs. (d)(5), ()(13)(I)(i), and (bb)(2), is title V of , , . Sections 514, 517, and 524 of the Act are set out in a note under this section. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1997 Amendment note set out under , Banks and Banking, and Tables.

oPub. L. 101–625Nov. 28, 1990104 Stat. 4079lsection 1709 of Title 12section 12701 of this titleThe Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act, referred to in subsecs. (f)(4) and ()(4)(D), (8)(E)(i), (10)(F), is , , . Title II of the Act, also known as the “HOME Investment Partnerships Act”, is classified principally to subchapter II (§ 12721 et seq.) of chapter 130 of this title. Subtitle A of title II of the Act is classified generally to part A (§ 12741 et seq.) of subchapter II of chapter 130 of this title. Title IV of the Act, also known as the “Homeownership and Opportunity Through HOPE Act”, enacted subchapter II–A (§ 1437aaa et seq.) of this chapter and subchapter IV (§ 12871 et seq.) of chapter 130 of this title, amended sections 1437c, 1437f, 1437, 1437p, 1437r, and 1437s of this title and , Banks and Banking, and enacted provisions set out as notes under sections 1437c, 1437aa, and 1437aaa of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under and Tables.

act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 53149 Stat. 620section 1305 of this titleThe Social Security Act, referred to in subsecs. (k) and (x)(4)(E), is , , which is classified generally to chapter 7 (§ 301 et seq.) of this title. Parts B and E of title IV of the Act are classified generally to parts B (§ 621 et seq.) and E (§ 670 et seq.), respectively, of subchapter IV of chapter 7 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see and Tables.

Pub. L. 88–525Aug. 31, 196478 Stat. 703The Food and Nutrition Act of 2008, referred to in subsec. (k), is , , , which is classified generally to chapter 51 (§ 2011 et seq.) of Title 7, Agriculture. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under 2011 of Title 7 and Tables.

oPub. L. 88–352July 2, 196478 Stat. 241section 2000a of this titleThe Civil Rights Act of 1964, referred to in subsec. ()(13)(J), is , , . Title VI of the Act is classified generally to subchapter V (§ 2000d et seq.) of chapter 21 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under and Tables.

oPub. L. 90–284Apr. 11, 196882 Stat. 81section 3601 of this titleThe Fair Housing Act, referred to in subsec. ()(13)(J), (17), is title VIII of , , , which is classified principally to subchapter I (§ 3601 et seq.) of chapter 45 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under and Tables.

section 503(a) of Pub. L. 105–276section 1437 of this titleSection 503(a) of the Quality Housing and Work Responsibility Act of 1998, referred to in subsec. (q)(1)(B)(ii)(I), (2)(A), is , which is set out as an Effective Date of 1998 Amendment note under .

section 1(a)(1) of Pub. L. 106–377Oct. 27, 2000The effective date of the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 2001, referred to in subsec. (t)(2), means the effective date of H.R. 5482, as enacted by , which was approved .

oPub. L. 101–625, title II, § 289(b)Nov. 28, 1990104 Stat. 4128Section 1437 of this title, referred to in subsec. (u), was repealed by , , .

Pub. L. 100–77July 22, 1987101 Stat. 482section 11301 of this titleThe McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act, referred to in subsec. (x)(4)(B), is , , . Subtitle C of title IV of the Act is classified generally to part C (§ 11381 et seq.) of subchapter IV of chapter 119 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under and Tables.

section 204 of Pub. L. 104–134Apr. 26, 1996110 Stat. 1321–257Section 204 of the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 1996, referred to in subsec. (x)(5)(C), is , title I, § 101(e) [title II], , , 1321–281, which is set out as a note under this section.

ooSubsection ()(8)(A) of this section, referred to in subsec. (y)(3)(B), does not contain a cl. (ii) and does not relate to annual inspections. For provisions of subsec. ()(8) which relate to annual inspections, see subpar. (D).

Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 550(a)(3)(A)(ii)Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2609Subsection (c)(3)(B) of this section, referred to in subsec. (y)(5), was repealed by , , .

act June 27, 1934, ch. 84748 Stat. 1246section 1701 of Title 12The National Housing Act, referred to in subsec. (y)(6), is , , which is classified principally to chapter 13 (§ 1701 et seq.) of Title 12, Banks and Banking. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see and Tables.

Section 1437u(d)(3) of this titlePub. L. 105–276, title V, § 509(a)(2)Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2531, relating to reimbursement of escrow accounts, referred to in subsec. (y)(6)(A), was repealed by , , .

Codification

Pub. L. 110–234Pub. L. 110–246Pub. L. 110–234section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246 and made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by were repealed by .

October 20, 1999Pub. L. 106–74, referred to in subsec. (t)(3)(B)(ii), was in the original “the enactment of this Act”, which was translated as meaning the enactment of , which enacted subsec. (t) of this section, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Pub. L. 100–242, title II, § 203(a)Feb. 5, 1988101 Stat. 1878lNov. 28, 1990section 262 of Pub. L. 100–242Pub. L. 100–242Pub. L. 101–625, , , as amended, which was formerly set out in a note under section 1715 of Title 12, Banks and Banking, and which provided that on , the amendment made by is repealed and section is to read as it would without such amendment, was omitted in the general amendment of subtitle A of title II of by .

Prior Provisions

act Sept. 1, 1937, ch. 89650 Stat. 891section 1408 of this titlePub. L. 93–383A prior section 8 of , , as amended, authorized promulgation of rules and regulations by the Authority and was classified to , prior to the general revision of this chapter by .

Amendments

lPub. L. 117–328, § 601(a)(2)(A)l2022—Subsec. (). , added subsec. ().

oPub. L. 117–328, § 601(a)(2)(B)Subsec. ()(22). , added par. (22).

oPub. L. 116–2832021—Subsec. ()(19)(D). added subpar. (D).

Pub. L. 116–260, § 101(b)(2)(A)2020—Subsec. (j). , added subsec. (j).

oPub. L. 116–260, § 103(c)(1)Subsec. ()(13)(B)(ii). , inserted “that house eligible youths receiving assistance pursuant to subsection (x)(2)(B),” before “or that”.

oPub. L. 116–260, § 103(c)(2)Subsec. ()(13)(D)(ii)(I). , inserted “, to eligible youths receiving assistance pursuant to subsection (x)(2)(B),” after “elderly families”.

oPub. L. 116–260, § 101(b)(2)(B)Subsec. ()(21). , added par. (21).

Pub. L. 116–260, § 103(b)(3)Subsec. (q)(5). , added par. (5).

Pub. L. 116–260, § 103(b)(1)(A)Subsec. (x)(2)(B). , inserted “subject to paragraph (5),” before “for a period”.

Pub. L. 116–260, § 103(b)(1)(B)Subsec. (x)(3). , designated existing provisions as subpar. (A), inserted heading, and added subpar. (B).

Pub. L. 116–260, § 103(b)(2)Subsec. (x)(4)(A). , inserted “and establishing a point of contact at public housing agencies to ensure that public housing agencies receive appropriate referrals regarding eligible recipients” before semicolon at end.

Pub. L. 116–260, § 103(b)(1)(C)Subsec. (x)(5), (6). , (D), added par. (5) and redesignated former par. (5) as (6).

oPub. L. 115–174Pub. L. 111–22, § 704Pub. L. 111–22, § 703Dec. 30, 20142018—Subsec. ()(7)(C), (F). repealed , and restored and revived amendment by , as in effect . See 2009 Amendment notes below.

Pub. L. 114–201, § 107(a)October 1, 19802016—Subsec. (c)(1). , designated existing provisions as subpar. (A), struck out “Proposed fair market rentals for an area shall be published in the Federal Register with reasonable time for public comment, and shall become effective upon the date of publication in final form in the Federal Register.” after “.” and “The Secretary shall establish separate fair market rentals under this paragraph for Westchester County in the State of New York. The Secretary shall also establish separate fair market rentals under this paragraph for Monroe County in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. In establishing fair market rentals for the remaining portion of the market area in which Monroe County is located, the Secretary shall establish the fair market rentals as if such portion included Monroe County.” after “no practical alternative.”, and added subpar. (B).

Pub. L. 114–201, § 102(f)Subsec. (c)(3). , struck out at end “Reviews of family income shall be made no less frequently than annually.”

oPub. L. 114–201, § 107(b)Subsec. ()(1)(B). , inserted before period at end “, except that no public housing agency shall be required as a result of a reduction in the fair market rental to reduce the payment standard applied to a family continuing to reside in a unit for which the family was receiving assistance under this section at the time the fair market rental was reduced. The Secretary shall allow public housing agencies to request exception payment standards within fair market rental areas subject to criteria and procedures established by the Secretary”.

oPub. L. 114–201, § 102(d)(1)Subsec. ()(1)(D). , inserted before period at end “, except that a public housing agency may establish a payment standard of not more than 120 percent of the fair market rent where necessary as a reasonable accommodation for a person with a disability, without approval of the Secretary. A public housing agency may use a payment standard that is greater than 120 percent of the fair market rent as a reasonable accommodation for a person with a disability, but only with the approval of the Secretary. In connection with the use of any increased payment standard established or approved pursuant to either of the preceding two sentences as a reasonable accommodation for a person with a disability, the Secretary may not establish additional requirements regarding the amount of adjusted income paid by such person for rent”.

oPub. L. 114–201, § 102(d)(2)(A)Subsec. ()(5). , substituted “Reviews” for “Annual review” in heading.

oPub. L. 114–201, § 102(d)(2)(B)section 1437a(a) of this titlesection 1437a(a)(1) of this titleSubsec. ()(5)(A). , substituted “paragraphs (1), (6), and (7) of and to” for “the provisions of” and struck out “and shall be conducted upon the initial provision of housing assistance for the family and thereafter as required by ” before period at end.

oPub. L. 114–201, § 102(d)(2)(C)Subsec. ()(5)(B). , struck out at end “Each public housing agency shall, not less frequently than annually, conduct a review of the family income of each family receiving assistance under this subsection.”

oPub. L. 114–201, § 101(a)(1)Subsec. ()(8)(A). , added subpar. (A) and struck out former subpar. (A). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “Except as provided in paragraph (11), for each dwelling unit for which a housing assistance payment contract is established under this subsection, the public housing agency shall inspect the unit before any assistance payment is made to determine whether the dwelling unit meets the housing quality standards under subparagraph (B).”

oPub. L. 114–201, § 101(a)(2)Subsec. ()(8)(G), (H). , (3), added subpar. (G) and redesignated former subpar. (G) as (H).

oPub. L. 114–201, § 105Subsec. ()(11). , designated existing provisions as subpar. (A), inserted heading, and added subpar. (B).

oPub. L. 114–201, § 112(a)(1)Subsec. ()(12)(A). , substituted “residence and rents” for “residence. Such payments may be made only for the rental of”.

oPub. L. 114–201, § 112(a)(2)(A)Subsec. ()(12)(B)(i). , substituted “rent shall mean the sum of the monthly payments made by a family assisted under this paragraph to amortize the cost of purchasing the manufactured home, including any required insurance and property taxes, the monthly amount allowed for tenant-paid utilities, and the monthly rent charged for the real property on which the manufactured home is located, including monthly management and maintenance charges.” for “the rent for the space on which a manufactured home is located and with respect to which assistance payments are to be made shall include maintenance and management charges and tenant-paid utilities.”

oPub. L. 114–201, § 112(a)(2)(B)Subsec. ()(12)(B)(ii). , (C)(ii), redesignated cl. (iii) as (ii) and struck out former cl. (ii) which related to establishment of payment standard for the purpose of determining monthly assistance.

oPub. L. 114–201, § 112(a)(2)(C)Subsec. ()(12)(B)(iii). , inserted “If the amount of the monthly assistance payment for a family exceeds the monthly rent charged for the real property on which the manufactured home is located, including monthly management and maintenance charges, a public housing agency may pay the remainder to the family, lender or utility company, or may choose to make a single payment to the family for the entire monthly assistance amount.” after “paragraph (2).” and redesignated cl. (iii) as (ii).

oPub. L. 114–201, § 106(a)(1)Subsec. ()(13)(A). , substituted “project” for “structure” in two places.

oPub. L. 114–201, § 106(a)(2)Subsec. ()(13)(B). , added subpar. (B) and struck out former subpar. (B). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “Not more than 20 percent of the funding available for tenant-based assistance under this section that is administered by the agency may be attached to structures pursuant to this paragraph.”

oPub. L. 114–201, § 106(a)(3)Subsec. ()(13)(D). , added subpar. (D) and struck out former subpar. (D). Prior to amendment, text read as follows:

In general“(i) .—Not more than 25 percent of the dwelling units in any project may be assisted under a housing assistance payment contract for project-based assistance pursuant to this paragraph. For purposes of this subparagraph, the term ‘project’ means a single building, multiple contiguous buildings, or multiple buildings on contiguous parcels of land.

Exceptions“(ii) .—The limitation under clause (i) shall not apply in the case of assistance under a contract for housing consisting of single family properties or for dwelling units that are specifically made available for households comprised of elderly families, disabled families, and families receiving supportive services.”

oPub. L. 114–201, § 106(a)(4)Subsec. ()(13)(F). , added subpar. (F) and struck out former subpar. (F). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “A housing assistance payment contract pursuant to this paragraph between a public housing agency and the owner of a structure may have a term of up to 15 years, subject to the availability of sufficient appropriated funds for the purpose of renewing expiring contracts for assistance payments, as provided in appropriations Acts and in the agency’s annual contributions contract with the Secretary, and to annual compliance with the inspection requirements under paragraph (8), except that the agency shall not be required to make annual inspections of each assisted unit in the development. The contract may specify additional conditions for its continuation. If the units covered by the contract are owned by the agency, the term of the contract shall be agreed upon by the agency and the unit of general local government or other entity approved by the Secretary in the manner provided under paragraph (11).”

oPub. L. 114–201, § 106(a)(1)Subsec. ()(13)(G). , (5), substituted “project” for “structure” in two places and “20 years” for “15 years”.

oPub. L. 114–201, § 106(a)(6)Subsec. ()(13)(I). , added subpar. (I) and struck out former subpar. (I). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “A housing assistance payments contract pursuant to this paragraph shall provide for rent adjustments, except that—

“(i) the adjusted rent for any unit assisted shall be reasonable in comparison with rents charged for comparable dwelling units in the private, unassisted, local market and may not exceed the maximum rent permitted under subparagraph (H), except that the contract may provide that the maximum rent permitted for a dwelling unit shall not be less than the initial rent for the dwelling unit under the initial housing assistance payments contract covering the unit; and

“(ii) the provisions of subsection (c)(2)(C) shall not apply.”

oPub. L. 114–201, § 106(a)(1)section 1437c–1 of this titlesection 1437c–1 of this titlesection 794 of title 29Subsec. ()(13)(J). , (7), substituted “may select families” for “shall select families”, inserted “or may permit owners to select applicants from site-based waiting lists as specified in this subparagraph” before period at end of first sentence, and substituted “The agency or owner may establish preferences or criteria for selection for a unit assisted under this paragraph that are consistent with the public housing agency plan for the agency approved under and that give preference to families who qualify for voluntary services, including disability-specific services, offered in conjunction with assisted units.” for “The agency may establish preferences or criteria for selection for a unit assisted under this paragraph that are consistent with the public housing agency plan for the agency approved under .”, “admission to a project by the owner or manager of a project” for “admission to a structure by the owner or manager of a structure”, and “A public housing agency may establish and utilize procedures for owner-maintained site-based waiting lists, under which applicants may apply at, or otherwise designate to the public housing agency, the project or projects in which they seek to reside, except that all eligible applicants on the waiting list of an agency for assistance under this subsection shall be permitted to place their names on such separate list, subject to policies and procedures established by the Secretary. All such procedures shall comply with title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Fair Housing Act, , and other applicable civil rights laws. The owner or manager of a project assisted under this paragraph shall not admit any family to a dwelling unit assisted under a contract pursuant to this paragraph other than a family referred by the public housing agency from its waiting list, or a family on a site-based waiting list that complies with the requirements of this subparagraph. A public housing agency shall disclose to each applicant all other options in the selection of a project in which to reside that are provided by the public housing agency and are available to the applicant.” for “The owner or manager of a structure assisted under this paragraph shall not admit any family to a dwelling unit assisted under a contract pursuant to this paragraph other than a family referred by the public housing agency from its waiting list. Subject to its waiting list policies and selection preferences, a public housing agency may place on its waiting list a family referred by the owner or manager of a structure and may maintain a separate waiting list for assistance under this paragraph, but only if all families on the agency’s waiting list for assistance under this subsection are permitted to place their names on the separate list.”

oPub. L. 114–201, § 106(a)(1)Subsec. ()(13)(M). , substituted “project” for “structure” in cls. (i) and (ii).

oPub. L. 114–201, § 106(a)(8)Subsec. ()(13)(M)(ii). , inserted before period at end “relating to funding other than housing assistance payments”.

oPub. L. 114–201, § 106(a)(9)Subsec. ()(13)(N), (O). , added subpars. (N) and (O).

oPub. L. 114–201, § 108Subsec. ()(20). , added par. (20).

Pub. L. 114–201, § 102(e)Subsec. (t)(1)(D). , substituted “annual adjusted income” for “income” wherever appearing.

Pub. L. 114–201, § 110(1)Subsec. (x)(2)(B). , substituted “36 months” for “18 months” and “24 years of age” for “21 years of age” and inserted “, or will leave foster care within 90 days, in accordance with a transition plan described in section 475(5)(H) of the Social Security Act, and is homeless or is at risk of becoming homeless” after “have left foster care”.

Pub. L. 114–201, § 110(2)Subsec. (x)(4), (5). , (3), added par. (4) and redesignated former par. (4) as (5).

oPub. L. 114–94section 1437a(a)(1) of this title2015—Subsec. ()(5)(A). substituted “as required by ” for “not less than annually”.

oPub. L. 113–76, § 2422014—Subsec. ()(2)(D). , added subpar. (D).

oPub. L. 113–76, § 220(a)Subsec. ()(8)(D) to (G). , added subpars. (D) to (F), redesignated former subpar. (E) as (G), and struck out former subpar. (D) which required every public housing agency providing assistance under this subsection to make an annual inspection of each assisted dwelling unit.

Pub. L. 113–4, § 601(b)(2)(A)2013—Subsec. (c)(9). , struck out par. (9) which related to prohibitions against the denial of program assistance or admission to victims of domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking and the termination of assistance, tenancy, or occupancy rights of such victims.

Pub. L. 113–4, § 601(b)(2)(B)(i)Subsec. (d)(1)(A). , struck out “and that an applicant or participant is or has been a victim of domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking is not an appropriate basis for denial of program assistance or for denial of admission if the applicant otherwise qualifies for assistance or admission” before semicolon at end.

Pub. L. 113–4, § 601(b)(2)(B)(ii)(I)Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(ii). , struck out “, and that an incident or incidents of actual or threatened domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking will not be construed as a serious or repeated violation of the lease by the victim or threatened victim of that violence and will not be good cause for terminating the tenancy or occupancy rights of the victim of such violence” before semicolon at end.

Pub. L. 113–4, § 601(b)(2)(B)(ii)(II)Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(iii). , struck out before semicolon at end “, except that: (I) criminal activity directly relating to domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking, engaged in by a member of a tenant’s household or any guest or other person under the tenant’s control, shall not be cause for termination of the tenancy or occupancy rights or program assistance, if the tenant or immediate member of the tenant’s family is a victim of that domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking; (II) Notwithstanding subclause (I) or any Federal, State, or local law to the contrary, a public housing agency may terminate assistance to, or an owner or manager may bifurcate a lease under this section, or remove a household member from a lease under this section, without regard to whether a household member is a signatory to a lease, in order to evict, remove, terminate occupancy rights, or terminate assistance to any individual who is a tenant or lawful occupant and who engages in criminal acts of physical violence against family members or others, without evicting, removing, terminating assistance to, or otherwise penalizing the victim of such violence who is also a tenant or lawful occupant. Such eviction, removal, termination of occupancy rights, or termination of assistance shall be effected in accordance with the procedures prescribed by Federal, State, and local law for the termination of leases or assistance under the relevant program of HUD-assisted housing. (III) nothing in subclause (I) may be construed to limit the authority of a public housing agency, owner, or manager, when notified, to honor court orders addressing rights of access to or control of the property, including civil protection orders issued to protect the victim and issued to address the distribution or possession of property among the household members in cases where a family breaks up; (IV) nothing in subclause (I) limits any otherwise available authority of an owner or manager to evict or the public housing agency to terminate assistance to a tenant for any violation of a lease not premised on the act or acts of violence in question against the tenant or a member of the tenant’s household, provided that the owner, manager, or public housing agency does not subject an individual who is or has been a victim of domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking to a more demanding standard than other tenants in determining whether to evict or terminate; (V) nothing in subclause (I) may be construed to limit the authority of an owner or manager to evict, or the public housing agency to terminate assistance, to any tenant if the owner, manager, or public housing agency can demonstrate an actual and imminent threat to other tenants or those employed at or providing service to the property if that tenant is not evicted or terminated from assistance; and (VI) nothing in this section shall be construed to supersede any provision of any Federal, State, or local law that provides greater protection than this section for victims of domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking.”

Pub. L. 113–4, § 601(b)(2)(C)Subsec. (f)(8) to (11). , struck out pars. (8) to (11) which defined “domestic violence”, “dating violence”, “stalking”, and “immediate family member”, respectively.

oPub. L. 113–4, § 601(b)(2)(D)(i)Subsec. ()(6)(B). , struck out at end “Nothing in this section shall be construed to supersede any provision of any Federal, State, or local law that provides greater protection than this section for victims of domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking.”

oPub. L. 113–4, § 601(b)(2)(D)(ii)(I)Subsec. ()(7)(C). , in introductory provisions, struck out “and that an incident or incidents of actual or threatened domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking shall not be construed as a serious or repeated violation of the lease by the victim or threatened victim of that violence and shall not be good cause for terminating the tenancy or occupancy rights of the victim of such violence” before “and in the case”.

oPub. L. 113–4, § 601(b)(2)(D)(ii)(II)LimitationSubsec. ()(7)(D). , struck out before semicolon at end “; except that (i) criminal activity directly relating to domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking, engaged in by a member of a tenant’s household or any guest or other person under the tenant’s control shall not be cause for termination of the tenancy or occupancy rights, if the tenant or immediate member of the tenant’s family is a victim of that domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking; (ii) .—Notwithstanding clause (i) or any Federal, State, or local law to the contrary, a public housing agency may terminate assistance to, or an owner or manager may bifurcate a lease under this section, or remove a household member from a lease under this section, without regard to whether a household member is a signatory to a lease, in order to evict, remove, terminate occupancy rights, or terminate assistance to any individual who is a tenant or lawful occupant and who engages in criminal acts of physical violence against family members or others, without evicting, removing, terminating assistance to, or otherwise penalizing the victim of such violence who is also a tenant or lawful occupant. Such eviction, removal, termination of occupancy rights, or termination of assistance shall be effected in accordance with the procedures prescribed by Federal, State, and local law for the termination of leases or assistance under the relevant program of HUD-assisted housing. (iii) nothing in clause (i) may be construed to limit the authority of a public housing agency, owner, or manager, when notified, to honor court orders addressing rights of access or control of the property, including civil protection orders issued to protect the victim and issued to address the distribution or possession of property among the household members in cases where a family breaks up; (iv) nothing in clause (i) limits any otherwise available authority of an owner or manager to evict or the public housing agency to terminate assistance to a tenant for any violation of a lease not premised on the act or acts of violence in question against the tenant or a member of the tenant’s household, provided that the owner, manager, or public housing agency does not subject an individual who is or has been a victim of domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking to a more demanding standard than other tenants in determining whether to evict or terminate; (v) nothing in clause (i) may be construed to limit the authority of an owner or manager to evict, or the public housing agency to terminate assistance to any tenant if the owner, manager, or public housing agency can demonstrate an actual and imminent threat to other tenants or those employed at or providing service to the property if that tenant is not evicted or terminated from assistance; and (vi) nothing in this section shall be construed to supersede any provision of any Federal, State, or local law that provides greater protection than this section for victims of domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking.”

oPub. L. 113–4, § 601(b)(2)(D)(iii)Subsec. ()(20). , struck out par. (20) which related to prohibited basis for termination of assistance.

Pub. L. 113–4, § 601(b)(2)(E)Subsec. (ee). , struck out subsec. (ee) which related to certification that an individual is a victim of domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking and confidentiality of information provided to any owner, manager, or public housing agency.

oPub. L. 111–3722011—Subsec. ()(18)(B)(iii). inserted before period at end “, except that a family may be required at the time the family initially receives such assistance to pay rent in an amount exceeding 40 percent of the monthly adjusted income of the family by such an amount or percentage that is reasonable given the services and amenities provided and as the Secretary deems appropriate.”

oPub. L. 111–22, § 703(1)Pub. L. 115–174, § 304(a)2009—Subsec. ()(7)(C). , as amended by , (b), inserted before semicolon at end “and in the case of an owner who is an immediate successor in interest pursuant to foreclosure during the term of the lease vacating the property prior to sale shall not constitute other good cause, except that the owner may terminate the tenancy effective on the date of transfer of the unit to the owner if the owner—

“(i) will occupy the unit as a primary residence; and

“(ii) has provided the tenant a notice to vacate at least 90 days before the effective date of such notice.”

oPub. L. 111–22, § 703(2)Pub. L. 115–174, § 304(a)section 2602 of title 12Subsec. ()(7)(F). , as amended by , (b), inserted at end “In the case of any foreclosure on any federally-related mortgage loan (as that term is defined in ) or on any residential real property in which a recipient of assistance under this subsection resides, the immediate successor in interest in such property pursuant to the foreclosure shall assume such interest subject to the lease between the prior owner and the tenant and to the housing assistance payments contract between the prior owner and the public housing agency for the occupied unit, except that this provision and the provisions related to foreclosure in subparagraph (C) shall not shall not affect any State or local law that provides longer time periods or other additional protections for tenants.”

Pub. L. 110–246, § 4002(b)(1)(B)2008—Subsec. (k). , (2)(Y), substituted “Food and Nutrition Act of 2008” for “Food Stamp Act of 1977”.

oPub. L. 110–289, § 2835(a)(2)Subsec. ()(10)(F). , added subpar. (F).

oPub. L. 110–289, § 2835(a)(1)(A)Subsec. ()(13)(D)(i). , substituted “any project” for “any building” and inserted at end “For purposes of this subparagraph, the term ‘project’ means a single building, multiple contiguous buildings, or multiple buildings on contiguous parcels of land.”

oPub. L. 110–289, § 2835(a)(1)(B)Subsec. ()(13)(F). , substituted “15 years” for “10 years”.

oPub. L. 110–289, § 2835(a)(1)(C)Subsec. ()(13)(G). , inserted after first sentence “Such contract may, at the election of the public housing agency and the owner of the structure, specify that such contract shall be extended for renewal terms of up to 15 years each, if the agency makes the determination required by this subparagraph and the owner is in compliance with the terms of the contract.” and inserted at end “A public housing agency may agree to enter into such a contract at the time it enters into the initial agreement for a housing assistance payment contract or at any time thereafter that is before the expiration of the housing assistance payment contract.”

oPub. L. 110–289, § 2835(a)(1)(D)Subsec. ()(13)(H). , inserted before period at end of first sentence “, except that in the case of a contract unit that has been allocated low-income housing tax credits and for which the rent limitation pursuant to such section 42 is less than the amount that would otherwise be permitted under this subparagraph, the rent for such unit may, in the sole discretion of a public housing agency, be established at the higher section 8 rent, subject only to paragraph (10)(A)”.

oPub. L. 110–289, § 2835(a)(1)(E)Subsec. ()(13)(I)(i). , inserted before semicolon “, except that the contract may provide that the maximum rent permitted for a dwelling unit shall not be less than the initial rent for the dwelling unit under the initial housing assistance payments contract covering the unit”.

oPub. L. 110–289, § 2835(a)(1)(F)Subsec. ()(13)(L), (M). , added subpars. (L) and (M).

Pub. L. 109–162, § 606(1)2006—Subsec. (c)(9). , added par. (9).

Pub. L. 109–271, § 5(e)(1)Subsec. (c)(9)(C)(ii). , added cl. (ii) and struck out former cl. (ii) which read as follows: “Notwithstanding clause (i), an owner or manager may bifurcate a lease under this section, in order to evict, remove, or terminate assistance to any individual who is a tenant or lawful occupant and who engages in criminal acts of physical violence against family members or others, without evicting, removing, terminating assistance to, or otherwise penalizing the victim of such violence who is also a tenant or lawful occupant.”

Pub. L. 109–271, § 5(d)section 1437c–1 of this titleSubsec. (d)(1)(A). , amended subpar. (A) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (A) read as follows: “the selection of tenants shall be the function of the owner, subject to the annual contributions contract between the Secretary and the agency, except that with respect to the certificate and moderate rehabilitation programs only, for the purpose of selecting families to be assisted, the public housing agency may establish local preferences, consistent with the public housing agency plan submitted under by the public housing agency and that an applicant or participant is or has been a victim of domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking is not an appropriate basis for denial of program assistance or for denial of admission if the applicant otherwise qualifies for assistance or admission;”.

Pub. L. 109–162, § 606(2)(A), which directed insertion of “and that an applicant or participant is or has been a victim of domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking is not an appropriate basis for denial of program assistance or for denial of admission if the applicant otherwise qualifies for assistance or admission” after “public housing agency”, was executed by making the insertion after “public housing agency” the last place appearing to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Pub. L. 109–162, § 606(2)(B)Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(ii). , inserted “, and that an incident or incidents of actual or threatened domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking will not be construed as a serious or repeated violation of the lease by the victim or threatened victim of that violence and will not be good cause for terminating the tenancy or occupancy rights of the victim of such violence” before semicolon at end.

Pub. L. 109–162, § 606(2)(C)Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(iii). , inserted before semicolon at end “, except that: (I) criminal activity directly relating to domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking, engaged in by a member of a tenant’s household or any guest or other person under the tenant’s control, shall not be cause for termination of the tenancy or occupancy rights or program assistance, if the tenant or immediate member of the tenant’s family is a victim of that domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking; (II) notwithstanding subclause (I), a public housing agency may terminate assistance to any individual who is a tenant or lawful occupant and who engages in criminal acts of physical violence against family members or others, or an owner or manager under this section may bifurcate a lease, in order to evict, remove, or terminate assistance to any individual who is a tenant or lawful occupant and who engages in criminal acts of physical violence against family members or others, without evicting, removing, terminating assistance to, or otherwise penalizing the victim of such violence who is also a tenant or lawful occupant; (III) nothing in subclause (I) may be construed to limit the authority of a public housing agency, owner, or manager, when notified, to honor court orders addressing rights of access to or control of the property, including civil protection orders issued to protect the victim and issued to address the distribution or possession of property among the household members in cases where a family breaks up; (IV) nothing in subclause (I) limits any otherwise available authority of an owner or manager to evict or the public housing agency to terminate assistance to a tenant for any violation of a lease not premised on the act or acts of violence in question against the tenant or a member of the tenant’s household, provided that the owner, manager, or public housing agency does not subject an individual who is or has been a victim of domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking to a more demanding standard than other tenants in determining whether to evict or terminate; (V) nothing in subclause (I) may be construed to limit the authority of an owner or manager to evict, or the public housing agency to terminate assistance, to any tenant if the owner, manager, or public housing agency can demonstrate an actual and imminent threat to other tenants or those employed at or providing service to the property if that tenant is not evicted or terminated from assistance; and (VI) nothing in this section shall be construed to supersede any provision of any Federal, State, or local law that provides greater protection than this section for victims of domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking.”

Pub. L. 109–271, § 5(e)(2)Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(iii)(II). , added subcl. (II) and struck out former subcl. (II) which read as follows: “notwithstanding subclause (I), a public housing agency may terminate assistance to any individual who is a tenant or lawful occupant and who engages in criminal acts of physical violence against family members or others, or an owner or manager under this section may bifurcate a lease, in order to evict, remove, or terminate assistance to any individual who is a tenant or lawful occupant and who engages in criminal acts of physical violence against family members or others, without evicting, removing, terminating assistance to, or otherwise penalizing the victim of such violence who is also a tenant or lawful occupant;”.

Pub. L. 109–162, § 606(3)Subsec. (f)(8). , added par. (8).

Pub. L. 109–271, § 5(e)(3)(A)Subsec. (f)(9). , struck out “and” after semicolon at end.

Pub. L. 109–162, § 606(3), added par. (9).

Pub. L. 109–162, § 606(3)Subsec. (f)(10). , added par. (10).

Pub. L. 109–271, § 5(e)(3)(B)Subsec. (f)(10)(A)(i). , substituted “or” for “and” at end.

Pub. L. 109–162, § 606(3)Subsec. (f)(11). , added par. (11).

Pub. L. 109–271, § 5(e)(3)(C)Subsec. (f)(11)(B). , substituted “blood or marriage” for “blood and marriage”.

oPub. L. 109–271, § 5(e)(4)(A)(iii)Subsec. ()(6)(B). , which directed the substitution of “admission. Nothing” for “admission, and that nothing” in second sentence, was executed by making the substitution in third sentence, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Pub. L. 109–271, § 5(e)(4)(A)(ii), which directed the substitution of “for admission or” for “for admission for” in second sentence, was executed by substituting “for assistance or” for “for assistance for” in third sentence, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Pub. L. 109–271, § 5(e)(4)(A)(i), which directed amendment of second sentence of subpar. (B) by striking “by” after “denial of program assistance”, was executed by striking that language in third sentence, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Pub. L. 109–162, § 606(4)(A), inserted “That an applicant or participant is or has been a victim of domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking is not an appropriate basis for denial of program assistance by or for denial of admission if the applicant otherwise qualifies for assistance for admission, and that nothing in this section shall be construed to supersede any provision of any Federal, State, or local law that provides greater protection than this section for victims of domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking.” at end.

oPub. L. 109–162, § 606(4)(B)Subsec. ()(7)(C). , inserted “, and that an incident or incidents of actual or threatened domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking shall not be construed as a serious or repeated violation of the lease by the victim or threatened victim of that violence and shall not be good cause for terminating the tenancy or occupancy rights of the victim of such violence” before semicolon at end.

oPub. L. 109–162, § 606(4)(C)Subsec. ()(7)(D). , inserted at end “; except that (i) criminal activity directly relating to domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking, engaged in by a member of a tenant’s household or any guest or other person under the tenant’s control shall not be cause for termination of the tenancy or occupancy rights, if the tenant or immediate member of the tenant’s family is a victim of that domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking; (ii) notwithstanding clause (i), a public housing agency may terminate assistance to any individual who is a tenant or lawful occupant and who engages in criminal acts of physical violence against family members or others, or an owner or manager may bifurcate a lease under this section, in order to evict, remove, or terminate assistance to any individual who is a tenant or lawful occupant and who engages in criminal acts of physical violence against family members or others, without evicting, removing, terminating assistance to, or otherwise penalizing the victim of such violence who is also a tenant or lawful occupant; (iii) nothing in clause (i) may be construed to limit the authority of a public housing agency, owner, or manager, when notified, to honor court orders addressing rights of access to control of the property, including civil protection orders issued to protect the victim and issued to address the distribution or possession of property among the household members in cases where a family breaks up; (iv) nothing in clause (i) limits any otherwise available authority of an owner or manager to evict or the public housing agency to terminate assistance to a tenant for any violation of a lease not premised on the act or acts of violence in question against the tenant or a member of the tenant’s household, provided that the owner, manager, or public housing agency does not subject an individual who is or has been a victim of domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking to a more demanding standard than other tenants in determining whether to evict or terminate; (v) nothing in clause (i) may be construed to limit the authority of an owner or manager to evict, or the public housing agency to terminate, assistance to any tenant if the owner, manager, or public housing agency can demonstrate an actual and imminent threat to other tenants or those employed at or providing service to the property if that tenant is not evicted or terminated from assistance; and (vi) nothing in this section shall be construed to supersede any provision of any Federal, State, or local law that provides greater protection than this section for victims of domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking.”

oPub. L. 109–271, § 5(e)(4)(B)(i)Subsec. ()(7)(D)(ii). , added cl. (ii) and struck out former cl. (ii) which read as follows: “notwithstanding clause (i), a public housing agency may terminate assistance to any individual who is a tenant or lawful occupant and who engages in criminal acts of physical violence against family members or others, or an owner or manager may bifurcate a lease under this section, in order to evict, remove, or terminate assistance to any individual who is a tenant or lawful occupant and who engages in criminal acts of physical violence against family members or others, without evicting, removing, terminating assistance to, or otherwise penalizing the victim of such violence who is also a tenant or lawful occupant;”.

oPub. L. 109–271, § 5(e)(4)(B)(ii)Subsec. ()(7)(D)(iii). , substituted “access or control” for “access to control”.

oPub. L. 109–271, § 5(e)(4)(B)(iii)Subsec. ()(7)(D)(v). , substituted “terminate” for “terminate,”.

oPub. L. 109–461Subsec. ()(19)(B). reenacted heading without change and amended text generally, substituting cls. (i) to (v) relating to amounts necessary to provide vouchers for rental assistance for fiscal years 2007 to 2011 for former cls. (i) through (iv) relating to amounts necessary to provide vouchers for rental assistance for fiscal years 2003 to 2006.

oPub. L. 109–162, § 606(4)(D)Subsec. ()(20). , added par. (20).

oPub. L. 109–271, § 5(e)(4)(C)Subsec. ()(20)(D)(ii). , substituted “distribution or” for “distribution”.

Pub. L. 109–162, § 606(5)Subsec. (r)(5). , inserted “, except that a family may receive a voucher from a public housing agency and move to another jurisdiction under the tenant-based assistance program if the family has complied with all other obligations of the section 8 program and has moved out of the assisted dwelling unit in order to protect the health or safety of an individual who is or has been the victim of domestic violence, dating violence, or stalking and who reasonably believed he or she was imminently threatened by harm from further violence if he or she remained in the assisted dwelling unit” before period at end.

Pub. L. 109–162, § 606(6)Subsec. (ee). , added subsec. (ee).

Pub. L. 109–271, § 5(e)(5)(A)Subsec. (ee)(1)(A). , substituted “the individual receives a request for such certification from the owner, manager, or public housing agency” for “the owner, manager, or public housing agency requests such certification”.

Pub. L. 109–271, § 5(e)(5)(B)Subsec. (ee)(1)(B). , substituted “the individual has received a request in writing for such certification for the owner, manager, or public housing agency” for “the owner, manager, public housing agency, or assisted housing provider has requested such certification in writing” and “The owner, manager or public housing” for “The owner, manager, public housing” and struck out “, or assisted housing provider” before “may extend the 14-day deadline”.

Pub. L. 109–271, § 5(e)(5)(C)Subsec. (ee)(1)(C)(i). , struck out “sexual assault,” after “addressing domestic violence, dating violence,”.

Pub. L. 109–271, § 5(e)(5)(D)Subsec. (ee)(1)(D). , struck out “sexual assault,” after “dating violence,”.

Pub. L. 109–271, § 5(e)(5)(E)(ii)Subsec. (ee)(1)(E). , struck out “, or assisted housing provider” in two places after “public housing agency”.

Pub. L. 109–271, § 5(e)(5)(E)(i), which directed the substitution of “manager or public housing” for “manager, public housing” wherever appearing, was executed by making the substitution for “manager, public housing” and “manger, public housing”, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Pub. L. 107–1162002—Subsec. (t)(2). inserted “(including any such mortgage prepayment during fiscal year 1996 or a fiscal year thereafter or any insurance contract voluntary termination during fiscal year 1996 or a fiscal year thereafter)” after “insurance contract for the mortgage for such housing project”.

oPub. L. 107–952001—Subsec. ()(19). added par. (19).

oPub. L. 106–377, § 1(a)(1) [title II, § 232(a)]2000—Subsec. ()(13). , reenacted heading without change and amended text generally, substituting subpars. (A) to (K) providing for funding percentage limitation, consistency of contracts with public housing agency plan and goals, income mixing requirement, resident choice requirement, contract term and its extension, rent calculation and adjustments, tenant selection, and vacated units for former subpars. (A) to (D) providing for extension of contract term, rent calculation, and adjusted rents.

Pub. L. 106–569, § 903(a)Subsec. (t)(1)(B). , inserted before semicolon at end “, except that a limit shall not be considered reasonable for purposes of this subparagraph if it adversely affects such assisted families”.

Pub. L. 106–377, § 1(a)(1) [title II, § 205], inserted “and any other reasonable limit prescribed by the Secretary” before semicolon at end.

Pub. L. 106–246section 538 of Pub. L. 106–74section 538 of Pub. L. 106–74, which directed the substitution of “the assisted family may elect to remain in the same project in which the family was residing on the date of the eligibility event for the project, and if, during any period the family makes such an election and continues to so reside,” for “during any period that the assisted family continues residing in the same project in which the family was residing on the date of the eligibility event for the project, if” in , was executed by making the substitution in subsec. (t)(1)(B) of this section, which was enacted by , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Pub. L. 106–569, § 902(a)Subsec. (t)(2). , substituted “fiscal year 1994” for “fiscal year 1996”.

Pub. L. 106–377, § 1(a)(1) [title II, § 228], inserted “(including any such termination or expiration during fiscal years after fiscal year 1996 prior to the effective date of the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 2001)” after “contract for rental assistance under this section for such housing project”.

Pub. L. 106–377, § 1(a)(1) [title II, § 234]Subsec. (x)(2). , substituted “(A) any family (i) who is otherwise eligible for such assistance, and (ii)” for “any family (A) who is otherwise eligible for such assistance, and (B)” and inserted before period at end “and (B) for a period not to exceed 18 months, otherwise eligible youths who have attained at least 18 years of age and not more than 21 years of age and who have left foster care at age 16 or older”.

Pub. L. 106–569, § 301(a)Subsec. (y)(7), (8). , added par. (7) and redesignated former par. (7) as (8).

Pub. L. 106–74, § 535(1)1999—Subsec. (c)(8)(A). , substituted “termination of” for “terminating” after “Not less than one year before” and “. The notice shall also include a statement that, if the Congress makes funds available, the owner and the Secretary may agree to a renewal of the contract, thus avoiding termination, and that in the event of termination the Department of Housing and Urban Development will provide tenant-based rental assistance to all eligible residents, enabling them to choose the place they wish to rent, which is likely to include the dwelling unit in which they currently reside. Any contract covered by this paragraph that is renewed may be renewed for a period of up to 1 year or any number or years, with payments subject to the availability of appropriations for any year.” for “, specifying the reasons for the termination with sufficient detail to enable the Secretary to evaluate whether the termination is lawful and whether there are additional actions that can be taken by the Secretary to avoid the termination. The owner’s notice shall include a statement that the owner and the Secretary may agree to a renewal of the contract, thus avoiding the termination.”

Pub. L. 106–74, § 535(2)Subsec. (c)(8)(B). , (4), redesignated subpar. (C) as (B) and struck out former subpar. (B) which read as follows: “In the case of owner who has requested that the Secretary renew the contract, the owner’s notice under subparagraph (A) to the tenants shall include statements that—

“(i) the owner currently has a contract with the Department of Housing and Urban Development that pays the Government’s share of the tenant’s rent and the date on which the contract will expire;

“(ii) the owner intends to renew the contract for another year;

“(iii) renewal of the contract may depend upon the Congress making funds available for such renewal;

“(iv) the owner is required by law to notify tenants of the possibility that the contract may not be renewed if Congress does not provide funding for such renewals;

“(v) in the event of nonrenewal, the Department of Housing and Urban Development will provide tenant-based rental assistance to all eligible residents, enabling them to choose the place they wish to rent; and

“(vi) the notice itself does not indicate an intent to terminate the contract by either the owner or the Department of Housing and Urban Development, provided there is Congressional approval of funding availability.”

Pub. L. 106–74, § 535(4)Subsec. (c)(8)(C). , redesignated subpar. (D) as (C). Former subpar. (C) redesignated (B).

Pub. L. 106–74, § 535(3), struck out “Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this paragraph, if the owner agrees to a 5-year contract renewal offered by the Secretary, payments under which shall be subject to the availability of appropriations for any year, the owner shall provide a written notice to the Secretary and the tenants not less than 180 days before the termination of such contract.” after “(C)” and “in the immediately preceding sentence” before “, the owner may not evict the tenants”, struck out “180-day” before “notice” in two places, and substituted “1 year has elapsed” for “such period has elapsed” and “1 year of advance notice” for “180 days of advance notice”.

Pub. L. 106–74, § 535(4)Subsec. (c)(8)(D), (E). , redesignated subpars. (D) and (E) as (C) and (D), respectively.

oPub. L. 106–74, § 523(a)Subsec. ()(18). , added par. (18).

Pub. L. 106–74, § 538(a)Subsec. (t). , added subsec. (t).

Pub. L. 106–74, § 531(d)(1)Pub. L. 104–99, § 405(c)Subsec. (v). , designated sentence enacted by , as subsec. (v).

Pub. L. 106–74, § 531(d)(2)August 22, 1974Subsec. (w). , struck out heading and text of subsec. (w). Text read as follows: “Not later than 30 days after the beginning of each fiscal year, the Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register a plan for reducing, to the extent feasible, year-to-year fluctuations in the levels of budget authority that will be required over the succeeding 5-year period to renew expiring rental assistance contracts entered into under this section since . To the extent necessary to carry out such plan and to the extent approved in appropriations Acts, the Secretary is authorized to enter into annual contributions contracts with terms of less than 60 months.”

Pub. L. 106–74, § 223(1)Subsec. (z)(1). , in introductory provisions, inserted “expiration or” after “on account of” and struck out “(other than a contract for tenant-based assistance)” after “payments contract”.

Pub. L. 106–74, § 223(2)September 30, 1995Subsec. (z)(3). , struck out heading and text of par. (3). Text read as follows: “This subsection shall be effective for actions initiated by the Secretary on or before .”

Pub. L. 105–276, § 550(a)(1)1998—Subsec. (a). , struck out at end “A public housing agency may contract to make assistance payments to itself (or any agency or instrumentality thereof) as the owner of dwelling units if such agency is subject to the same program requirements as are applied to other owners. In such cases, the Secretary may establish initial rents within applicable limits.”

Pub. L. 105–276, § 550(a)(2)oSubsec. (b). , substituted “Other” for “Rental certificates and other” in subsec. heading, inserted par. (1) designation and heading, and struck out after first sentence “The Secretary shall enter into a separate annual contributions contract with each public housing agency to obligate the authority approved each year, beginning with the authority approved in appropriations Acts for fiscal year 1988 (other than amendment authority to increase assistance payments being made using authority approved prior to the appropriations Acts for fiscal year 1988), and such annual contributions contract (other than for annual contributions under subsection () of this section) shall bind the Secretary to make such authority, and any amendments increasing such authority, available to the public housing agency for a specified period.”

Pub. L. 105–276, § 550(a)(3)(A)section 1437a(a) of this titleSubsec. (c)(3). , struck out “(A)” after par. designation, and struck out subpar. (B), which authorized payment of higher percentage of income as rent than that specified under if family receiving tenant-based rental assistance notified public housing agency of its interest in a unit renting for an excess rent and agency determined that the rent was reasonable, and set forth provisions which limited agency approval of such excess rentals to 10 percent of annual allocation, required report to Secretary where such rentals exceeded 5 percent of allocation, and required Secretary to report to Congress annually on agencies which had submitted such reports and include recommendations deemed appropriate to correct problems identified in reports.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 550(a)(3)(B)Subsec. (c)(4). , struck out “or by a family that qualifies to receive assistance under subsection (b) of this section pursuant to section 223 or 226 of the Low-Income Housing Preservation and Resident Homeownership Act of 1990” after “such dwelling unit” in first sentence.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 550(a)(3)(C)Subsec. (c)(5), (6). , (D), redesignated par. (6) as (5) and struck out former par. (5) which read as follows: “Assistance payments may be made with respect to up to 100 per centum of the dwelling units in any structure upon the application of the owner or prospective owner. Within the category of projects containing more than fifty units and designed for use primarily by nonelderly and nonhandicapped persons which are not subject to mortgages purchased under section 305 of the National Housing Act, the Secretary may give preference to applications for assistance involving not more than 20 per centum of the dwelling units in a project. In according any such preference, the Secretary shall compare applications received during distinct time periods not exceeding sixty days in duration.”

Pub. L. 105–276, § 550(a)(3)(C)section 1437c(h) of this titleSubsec. (c)(7). , struck out par. (7) which read as follows: “To the extent authorized in contracts entered into by the Secretary with a public housing agency, such agency may purchase any structure containing one or more dwelling units assisted under this section for the purpose of reselling the structure to the tenant or tenants occupying units aggregating in value at least 80 per centum of the structure’s total value. Any such resale may be made on the terms and conditions prescribed under and subject to the limitation contained in such section.”

Pub. L. 105–276, § 549(b)Subsec. (c)(8). , redesignated par. (9) as (8)(A) and substituted subpars. (B) to (E) for “The Secretary shall review the owner’s notice, shall consider whether there are additional actions that can be taken by the Secretary to avoid the termination, and shall ensure a proper adjustment of the contract rents for the project in conformity with the requirements of paragraph (2). The Secretary shall issue a written finding of the legality of the termination and the reasons for the termination, including the actions considered or taken to avoid the termination. Within 30 days of the Secretary’s finding, the owner shall provide written notice to each tenant of the Secretary’s decision. For purposes of this paragraph, the term ‘termination’ means the expiration of the assistance contract or an owner’s refusal to renew the assistance contract, and such term shall include termination of the contract for business reasons.”

Pub. L. 105–276, § 549(a)(1)(A), struck out par. (8) which read as follows: “Each contract under this section shall provide that the owner will notify tenants at least 90 days prior to the expiration of the contract of any rent increase which may occur as a result of the expiration of such contract.”

Pub. L. 105–276, § 549(b)(1)Subsec. (c)(9). , redesignated par. (9) as (8)(A).

Pub. L. 105–276, § 549(a)(1)(B)o, substituted “Not less than one year before terminating any contract under which assistance payments are received under this section, other than a contract for tenant-based assistance under this section, an owner shall provide written notice to the Secretary and the tenants involved of the proposed termination, specifying the reasons for the termination with sufficient detail to enable the Secretary to evaluate whether the termination is lawful and whether there are additional actions that can be taken by the Secretary to avoid the termination.” for “Not less than 180 days prior to terminating any contract under which assistance payments are received under this section (but not less than 90 days in the case of housing certificates or vouchers under subsection (b) or () of this section), an owner shall provide written notice to the Secretary and the tenants involved of the proposed termination, specifying the reasons for the termination with sufficient detail to enable the Secretary to evaluate whether the termination is lawful and whether there are additional actions that can be taken by the Secretary to avoid the termination.”

Pub. L. 105–276, § 549(a)(1)(A)Subsec. (c)(10). , struck out par. (10) which read as follows: “If an owner provides notice of proposed termination under paragraph (9) and the contract rent is lower than the maximum monthly rent for units assisted under subsection (b)(1) of this section, the Secretary shall adjust the contract rent based on the maximum monthly rent for units assisted under subsection (b)(1) of this section and the value of the low-income housing after rehabilitation.”

Pub. L. 105–276, § 514(b)(1)Subsec. (d)(1)(A). , amended subpar. (A) generally. For former text of subpar. (A), see 1996 Amendment note below.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 549(a)(2)(A)Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(ii). , substituted “during the term of the lease, the owner” for “the owner”.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 549(a)(2)(B)Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(iii). , substituted “during the term of the lease, any criminal activity” for “provide that any criminal activity”.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 550(a)(4)(A)Subsec. (d)(2)(A). , struck out at end “Where the Secretary enters into an annual contributions contract with a public housing agency pursuant to which the agency will enter into a contract for assistance payments with respect to an existing structure, the contract for assistance payments may not be attached to the structure unless (i) the Secretary and the public housing agency approve such action, and (ii) the owner agrees to rehabilitate the structure other than with assistance under this chapter and otherwise complies with the requirements of this section, except that the Secretary shall permit the public housing agency to approve such attachment with respect to not more than 15 percent of the assistance provided by the public housing agency if the requirements of clause (ii) are met. Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, a public housing agency and an applicable State agency may, on a priority basis, attach to structures not more than an additional 15 percent of the assistance provided by the public housing agency or the applicable State agency only with respect to projects assisted under a State program that permits the owner of the projects to prepay a State assisted or subsidized mortgage on the structure, except that attachment of assistance under this sentence shall be for the purpose of (i) providing incentives to owners to preserve such projects for occupancy by lower and moderate income families (for the period that assistance under this sentence is available), and (ii) to assist lower income tenants to afford any increases in rent that may be required to induce the owner to maintain occupancy in the project by lower and moderate income tenants. Any assistance provided to lower income tenants under the preceding sentence shall not be considered for purposes of the limitation under paragraph (1)(A) regarding the percentage of families that may receive assistance under this section who do not qualify for preferences under such paragraph.”

Pub. L. 105–276, § 550(a)(4)(C)Subsec. (d)(2)(B) to (G). , redesignated subpars. (F) to (H) as (B) to (D), respectively, and struck out former subpars. (B) to (E). Prior to repeal, former subpar. (B) required the Secretary to permit a public housing agency to approve attachment of assistance with respect to any newly constructed structure if certain conditions were met, former subpar. (C) required a public housing agency to enter into a contract with an owner of a structure to which a contract for assistance was attached under this par. to provide for renewal of expiring assistance payment contracts, former subpar. (D) required owners of structures to which a contract for assistance was attached to adopt certain tenant selection procedures, and former subpar. (E) required the Secretary to annually survey public housing agencies to determine which have reached certain limitations in providing assistance and to report the survey results to Congress.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 550(a)(4)(C)Subsec. (d)(2)(H). , redesignated subpar. (H) as (D).

Pub. L. 105–276, § 550(a)(4)(B), substituted “An owner” for “Notwithstanding subsection (d)(1)(A)(i) of this section, an owner”.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 552Subsec. (d)(6). , added par. (6).

Pub. L. 105–276, § 545(b)oSubsec. (f)(6). , inserted “or ()(13)” after “(d)(2)”.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 550(a)(5)Subsec. (f)(7). , struck out “(b) or” after “under subsection” and inserted before period at end “and that provides for the eligible family to select suitable housing and to move to other suitable housing”.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 565(c)section 1437d(j)(3) of this titlesection 1437d of this titleSubsec. (h). , which directed insertion of “(except as provided in )” after “”, was executed by making the insertion after “Sections 1437c(e) and 1437d of this title”, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 550(a)(6)Subsec. (j). , struck out subsec. (j), which authorized contracts for making rental assistance payments on behalf of low-income families utilizing manufactured homes as principal places of residence, directed that contract establish maximum monthly rent permitted with respect to home and real property on which it was located and provided formula for calculating amount of monthly assistance, provided for adjustments, set forth minimum and maximum terms, in the case of substantially rehabilitated or newly constructed park, provided limit on principal amount of mortgage attributable to rental spaces within park, and authorized Secretary to prescribe other terms and conditions necessary for purpose of carrying out subsection.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 550(a)(7)Subsec. (n). , struck out subsec. (n) which read as follows: “In making assistance available under subsections (b)(1) and (e)(2) of this section, the Secretary may provide assistance with respect to residential properties in which some or all of the dwelling units do not contain bathroom or kitchen facilities, if—

“(1) the property is located in an area in which there is a significant demand for such units, as determined by the Secretary;

“(2) the unit of general local government in which the property is located and the local public housing agency approve of such units being utilized for such purpose; and

“(3) in the case of assistance under subsection (b)(1) of this section, the unit of general local government in which the property is located and the local public housing agency certify to the Secretary that the property complies with local health and safety standards.

section 1437a(b)(3) of this titleThe Secretary may waive, in appropriate cases, the limitation and preference described in the second and third sentences of with respect to the assistance made available under this subsection.”

oPub. L. 105–276, § 545(a)ooSubsec. (). , amended subsec. () generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. () contained provisions relating to assistance using a payment standard based upon fair market rental, categories of families eligible for assistance and preferences, contracts with public housing agencies for annual contributions, annual adjustments of assistance payment amounts, assistance with respect to certain cooperative and mutual housing, contracts to provide rental vouchers, set asides of budget authority for an adjustment pool, reasonable rent requirements and disapproval of leases with unreasonable rents, and assistance on behalf of families utilizing manufactured homes as principal places of residence.

oPub. L. 105–276, § 209(a)Pub. L. 105–276section 1437 of this titlesection 545(a) of Pub. L. 105–276section 545(c) of Pub. L. 105–276section 559 of Pub. L. 105–276Subsec. ()(2). , inserted at end “Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, for families being admitted to the voucher program who remain in the same unit or complex, where the rent (including the amount allowed for utilities) does not exceed the payment standard, the monthly assistance payment for any family shall be the amount by which such rent exceeds the greater of 30 percent of the family’s monthly adjusted income or 10 percent of the family’s monthly income.” Notwithstanding sections 209(b) and 503 of , set out as Effective Date of 1998 Amendment notes below and under , this amendment was executed before the amendment by to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the provisions of , set out as an Effective Date of 1998 Amendment note below, and , set out as a Regulations note below.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 547oSubsec. (q). , amended subsec. (q) generally, substituting present provisions for provisions which authorized establishment of fee for costs incurred in administering certificate and housing voucher programs under subsecs. (b) and () of this section, costs of preliminary expenses in connection with new allocations of assistance, costs incurred in assisting families who experienced difficulty in obtaining appropriate housing under the programs, and extraordinary costs; provisions which set forth use of fees for employing one or more service coordinators to coordinate provision of supportive services for elderly or disabled families on whose behalf assistance was provided; and provision which limited establishment or increase of fees to amounts provided in appropriation Acts.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 553(3)oSubsec. (r). , inserted heading, added par. (1), and struck out former par. (1) which read as follows: “Any family assisted under subsection (b) or () of this section may receive such assistance to rent an eligible dwelling unit if the dwelling unit to which the family moves is within the same State, or the same or a contiguous metropolitan statistical area as the metropolitan statistical area within which is located the area of jurisdiction of the public housing agency approving such assistance; except that any family not living within the jurisdiction of a public housing agency at the time that such family applies for assistance from such agency shall, during the 12-month period beginning upon the receipt of any tenant-based rental assistance made available on behalf of the family, use such assistance to rent an eligible dwelling unit located within the jurisdiction served by such public housing agency.”

Pub. L. 105–276, § 553(1)Subsec. (r)(2). , struck out at end “If no public housing agency has authority with respect to the dwelling unit to which a family moves under this subsection, the public housing agency approving the assistance shall have such responsibility.”

Pub. L. 105–276, § 553(2)ooSubsec. (r)(3). , struck out “(b) or” before “() for” and inserted at end “The Secretary shall establish procedures for the compensation of public housing agencies that issue vouchers to families that move into or out of the jurisdiction of the public housing agency under portability procedures. The Secretary may reserve amounts available for assistance under subsection () to compensate those public housing agencies.”

Pub. L. 105–276, § 553(5)Subsec. (r)(5). , added par. (5).

Pub. L. 105–276, § 554Subsec. (t). , struck out subsec. (t). For text, see 1996 Amendment note below.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 550(a)(8)Subsec. (u). , in pars. (1) and (3), struck out “certificates or” before “vouchers” and, in par. (2), struck out “, certificates” before “or vouchers”.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 550(a)(9)Subsec. (x)(2). , substituted “tenant-based assistance” for “housing certificate assistance”.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 555(a)(1)(A)Subsec. (y)(1). , in introductory provisions, substituted “A public housing agency providing tenant-based assistance on behalf of an eligible family under this section may provide assistance for an eligible family that purchases a dwelling unit (including a unit under a lease-purchase agreement) that will be owned by 1 or more members of the family, and will be occupied by the family, if the family” for “A family receiving tenant-based assistance under this section may receive assistance for occupancy of a dwelling owned by one or more members of the family if the family”.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 555(a)(1)(B)Subsec. (y)(1)(A). , inserted “, or owns or is acquiring shares in a cooperative” before semicolon at end.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 555(a)(1)(C)section 1437u of this titleSubsec. (y)(1)(B). , struck out cl. (i), redesignated cl. (ii) as entire subpar., and inserted “, except that the Secretary may provide for the consideration of public assistance in the case of an elderly family or a disabled family” after “public assistance”. Prior to amendment, cl. (i) read as follows: “participates in the family self-sufficiency program under of the public housing agency providing the assistance; or”.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 555(a)(2)Subsec. (y)(2). , added par. (2) and struck out heading and text of former par. (2). Text read as follows:

In general“(A) .—Notwithstanding any other provisions of this section governing determination of the amount of assistance payments under this section on behalf of a family, the monthly assistance payment for any family assisted under this subsection shall be the amount by which the fair market rental for the area established under subsection (c)(1) of this section exceeds 30 percent of the family’s monthly adjusted income; except that the monthly assistance payment shall not exceed the amount by which the monthly homeownership expenses, as determined in accordance with requirements established by the Secretary, exceeds 10 percent of the family’s monthly income.

Exclusion of equity from income“(B) .—For purposes of determining the monthly assistance payment for a family, the Secretary shall not include in family income an amount imputed from the equity of the family in a dwelling occupied by the family with assistance under this subsection.”

Pub. L. 105–276, § 555(a)(3)Subsec. (y)(3), (4). , added pars. (3) and (4) and struck out former pars. (3) and (4) which read as follows:

Recapture of certain amounts“(3) .—Upon sale of the dwelling by the family, the Secretary shall recapture from any net proceeds the amount of additional assistance (as determined in accordance with requirements established by the Secretary) paid to or on behalf of the eligible family as a result of paragraph (2)(B).

Downpayment requirementsection 1437u(d) of this title“(4) .—Each public housing agency providing assistance under this subsection shall ensure that each family assisted shall provide from its own resources not less than 80 percent of any downpayment in connection with a loan made for the purchase of a dwelling. Such resources may include amounts from any escrow account for the family established under . Not more than 20 percent of the downpayment may be provided from other sources, such as from nonprofit entities and programs of States and units of general local government.”

Pub. L. 105–276, § 555(a)(3)section 1472 of this titleSubsec. (y)(5). , (4), redesignated par. (6) as (5) and struck out heading and text of former par. (5). Text read as follows: “A family may not receive assistance under this subsection during any period when assistance is being provided for the family under other Federal homeownership assistance programs, as determined by the Secretary, including assistance under the HOME Investment Partnerships Act, the Homeownership and Opportunity Through HOPE Act, title II of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1987, and .”

Pub. L. 105–276, § 555(a)(4)Subsec. (y)(6) to (8). , redesignated pars. (7) and (8) as (6) and (7), respectively. Former par. (6) redesignated (5).

Pub. L. 105–276, § 548(1)Subsec. (z). , made technical amendment relating to placement of subsection.

Pub. L. 105–276, § 548(2)Subsec. (cc). , added subsec. (cc).

Pub. L. 105–276, § 556(a)Subsec. (dd). , added subsec. (dd).

Pub. L. 105–651997—Subsec. (c)(2)(A). , §§ 201(c), 205, substituted “fiscal years 1997 and 1998” for “fiscal year 1997” in third and sixth sentences and inserted at end “In establishing annual adjustment factors for units in new construction and substantial rehabilitation projects, the Secretary shall take into account the fact that debt service is a fixed expense. The immediately foregoing sentence shall be effective only during fiscal year 1998.”

Pub. L. 105–33, §§ 2003, 2004, inserted “, and during fiscal year 1999 and thereafter” before period at end of third and sixth sentences.

Pub. L. 105–18Subsec. (c)(9). , which directed substitution of “Not less than 180 days prior to terminating any contract” for “Not less than one year prior to terminating any contract”, was executed by making the substitution for “Not less than 1 year prior to terminating any contract” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Pub. L. 105–65, § 523(a)Subsec. (d)(5). , added par. (5).

Pub. L. 105–65, § 523(c)Subsec. (bb). , inserted heading, designated existing provisions as par. (1) and former subsec. heading as par. (1) heading, and added par. (2).

Pub. L. 104–204April 26, 19961996—Subsec. (c)(2)(A). inserted “, fiscal year 1996 prior to , and fiscal year 1997” after “fiscal year 1995” in two places, substituted “Except for assistance under the certificate program, for” for “For”, inserted after fourth sentence “In the case of assistance under the certificate program, 0.01 shall be subtracted from the amount of the annual adjustment factor (except that the factor shall not be reduced to less than 1.0), and the adjusted rent shall not exceed the rent for a comparable unassisted unit of similar quality, type, and age in the market area.”, and substituted “The immediately foregoing two sentences” for “The immediately foregoing sentence”.

Pub. L. 104–134, § 101(e) [title II, § 203(b)(1), (d)]Subsec. (c)(8). , temporarily inserted “(other than a contract for assistance under the certificate or voucher program)” after “section”. See Effective and Termination Dates of 1996 Amendments note below.

Pub. L. 104–134, § 101(e) [title II, § 203(b)(2), (d)]oSubsec. (c)(9). , temporarily substituted “, other than a contract under the certificate or voucher program” for “(but not less than 90 days in the case of housing certificates or vouchers under subsection (b) or () of this section)”. See Effective and Termination Dates of 1996 Amendments note below.

Pub. L. 104–99, § 402(d)(2)Subsec. (d)(1)(A). , (f), temporarily amended subpar. (A) generally, substituting “the selection of tenants shall be the function of the owner, subject to the provisions of the annual contributions contract between the Secretary and the agency, except that for the certificate and moderate rehabilitation programs only, for the purpose of selecting families to be assisted, the public housing agency may establish, after public notice and an opportunity for public comment, a written system of preferences for selection that is not inconsistent with the comprehensive housing affordability strategy under title I of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act;” for “the selection of tenants for such units shall be the function of the owner, subject to the provisions of the annual contributions contract between the Secretary and the agency, except that the tenant selection criteria used by the owner shall—

section 1701z–11 of title 12“(i) for not less than (I) 70 percent of the families who initially receive assistance in any 1-year period in the case of assistance attached to a structure and (II) 90 percent of such families in the case of assistance not attached to a structure, give preference to families that occupy substandard housing (including families that are homeless or living in a shelter for homeless families), are paying more than 50 percent of family income for rent, or are involuntarily displaced (including displacement because of disposition of a multifamily housing project under ) at the time they are seeking assistance under this section; except that any family otherwise eligible for assistance under this section may not be denied preference for assistance not attached to a structure (or delayed or otherwise adversely affected in the provision of such assistance) solely because the family resides in public housing;

“(ii) for any remaining assistance in any 1-year period, give preference to families who qualify under a system of local preferences established by the public housing agency in writing and after public hearing to respond to local housing needs and priorities, which may include (I) assisting very low-income families who either reside in transitional housing assisted under title IV of the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act, or participate in a program designed to provide public assistance recipients with greater access to employment and educational opportunities; (II) assisting families in accordance with subsection (u)(2) of this section; (III) assisting families identified by local public agencies involved in providing for the welfare of children as having a lack of adequate housing that is a primary factor in the imminent placement of a child in foster care, or in preventing the discharge of a child from foster care and reunification with his or her family; (IV) assisting youth, upon discharge from foster care, in cases in which return to the family or extended family or adoption is not available; (V) assisting veterans who are eligible and have applied for assistance, will use the assistance for a dwelling unit designed for the handicapped, and, upon discharge or eligibility for discharge from a hospital or nursing home, have physical disability which, because of the configuration of their homes, prevents them from access to or use of their homes; and (VI) achieving other objectives of national housing policy as affirmed by Congress; and

“(iii) prohibit any individual or family evicted from housing assisted under the chapter by reason of drug-related criminal activity from having a preference under any provision of this subparagraph for 3 years unless the evicted tenant successfully completes a rehabilitation program approved by the agency, except that the agency may waive the application of this clause under standards established by the Secretary (which shall include waiver for any member of a family of an individual prohibited from tenancy under this clause who the agency determines clearly did not participate in and had no knowledge of such criminal activity or when circumstances leading to eviction no longer exist);”.

See Effective and Termination Dates of 1996 Amendments note below.

Pub. L. 104–134, § 101(e) [title II, § 203(c), (d)]Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(ii), (iii). , in cl. (ii) temporarily inserted “during the term of the lease,” after “(ii)” and in cl. (iii) temporarily substituted “during the term of the lease,” for “provide that”. See Effective and Termination Dates of 1996 Amendments note below.

Pub. L. 104–193, § 903(a)(2)Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(v). , added cl. (v).

Pub. L. 104–99, § 402(d)(6)(A)(iii)Subsec. (d)(2)(A). , (f), temporarily struck out at end “Any assistance provided to lower income tenants under the preceding sentence shall not be considered for purposes of the limitation under paragraph (1)(A) regarding the percentage of families that may receive assistance under this section who do not qualify for preferences under such paragraph.” See Effective and Termination Dates of 1996 Amendments note below.

Pub. L. 104–99, § 402(d)(6)(A)(iv)Subsec. (d)(2)(H). , (f), temporarily substituted “An owner” for “Notwithstanding subsection (d)(1)(A)(i) of this section, an owner”. See Effective and Termination Dates of 1996 Amendments note below.

oPub. L. 104–99, § 402(d)(3)section 1701z–11 of title 12Subsec. ()(3)(B). , (f), temporarily amended subpar. (B) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (B) read as follows: “In selecting families to be assisted, preference shall be given to families which, at the time they are seeking assistance, occupy substandard housing (including families that are homeless or living in a shelter for homeless families), are involuntarily displaced (including displacement because of disposition of a multifamily housing project under ), or are paying more than 50 per centum of family income for rent. A public housing agency may provide for circumstances in which families who do not qualify for any preference established in the preceding sentence are provided assistance under this subsection before families who do qualify for such preference, except that not more than 10 percent (or such higher percentage determined by the Secretary to be necessary to ensure that public housing agencies can assist families in accordance with subsection (u)(2) of this section or determined by the Secretary to be appropriate for other good cause) of the families who initially receive assistance in any 1-year period (or such shorter period selected by the public housing agency before the beginning of its first full year subject to this sentence) may be families who do not qualify for such preference. The public housing agency shall in implementing the preceding sentence establish a system of preferences in writing and after public hearing to respond to local housing needs and priorities which may include (i) assisting very low-income families who either reside in transitional housing assisted under title IV of the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act, or participate in a program designed to provide public assistance recipients with greater access to employment and educational opportunities, (ii) assisting families in accordance with subsection (u)(2) of this section; (iii) assisting families identified by local public agencies involved in providing for the welfare of children as having a lack of adequate housing that is a primary factor in the imminent placement of a child in foster care, or in preventing the discharge of a child from foster care and reunification and his or her family; (iv) assisting youth, upon discharge from foster care, in cases in which return to the family or extended family or adoption is not available; (v) assisting veterans who are eligible and have applied for assistance, will use the assistance for a dwelling unit designed for the handicapped, and, upon discharge or eligibility for discharge from a hospital or nursing home, have physical disability which, because of the configuration of their homes, prevents them from access to or use of their homes; and (vi) achieving other objectives of national housing policy as affirmed by Congress. Any individual or family evicted from housing assisted under the chapter by reason of drug-related criminal activity (as defined in subsection (f)(5) of this section) shall not be eligible for a preference under any provision of this subparagraph for 3 years unless the evicted tenant successfully completes a rehabilitation program approved by the Secretary (which shall include waiver for any member of a family of an individual prohibited from tenancy under this clause who the agency determines clearly did not participate in and had no knowledge of such criminal activity or when circumstances leading to eviction no longer exist).” See Effective and Termination Dates of 1996 Amendments note below.

Pub. L. 104–134, § 101(e) [title II, § 203(a), (d)]Subsec. (t). , temporarily repealed subsec. (t) which read as follows:

“(1) No owner who has entered into a contract for housing assistance payments under this section on behalf of any tenant in a multifamily housing project shall refuse—

“(A) to lease any available dwelling unit in any multifamily housing project of such owner that rents for an amount not greater than the fair market rent for a comparable unit, as determined by the Secretary under this section, to a holder of a certificate of eligibility under this section a proximate cause of which is the status of such prospective tenant as a holder of such certificate, and to enter into a housing assistance payments contract respecting such unit; or

o“(B) to lease any available dwelling unit in any multifamily housing project of such owner to a holder of a voucher under subsection () of this section, and to enter into a voucher contract respecting such unit, a proximate cause of which is the status of such prospective tenant as holder of such voucher.

“(2) For purposes of this subsection, the term ‘multifamily housing project’ means a residential building containing more than 4 dwelling units.” See Effective and Termination Dates of 1996 Amendments note below.

Pub. L. 104–99, § 405(c)Subsec. (v). , amended subsec. (v) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (v) read as follows:

“(1) The Secretary shall extend any expiring contract entered into under this section for loan management assistance or execute a new contract for project-based loan management assistance, if the owner agrees to continue providing housing for low-income families during the term of the contract.

“(2)(A) The eligiblity of a multifamily residential project for loan management assistance under this section shall be determined without regard to whether the project is subsidized or unsubsidized.

“(B) In allocating loan management assistance under this section, the Secretary may give a priority to any project only on the basis that the project has serious financial problems that are likely to result in a claim on the insurance fund in the near future or the project is eligible to receive incentives under subtitle B of the Low-Income Housing Preservation and Resident Homeownership Act of 1990.”

Pub. L. 104–134, § 101[(e)]Subsec. (bb). [title II, § 208], added subsec. (bb).

Pub. L. 104–191995—Subsec. (z). added subsec. (z).

Pub. L. 103–3271994—Subsec. (c)(2)(A). inserted at end: “However, where the maximum monthly rent, for a unit in a new construction, substantial rehabilitation, or moderate rehabilitation project, to be adjusted using an annual adjustment factor exceeds the fair market rental for an existing dwelling unit in the market area, the Secretary shall adjust the rent only to the extent that the owner demonstrates that the adjusted rent would not exceed the rent for an unassisted unit of similar quality, type, and age in the same market area, as determined by the Secretary. The immediately foregoing sentence shall be effective only during fiscal year 1995. For any unit occupied by the same family at the time of the last annual rental adjustment, where the assistance contract provides for the adjustment of the maximum monthly rent by applying an annual adjustment factor and where the rent for a unit is otherwise eligible for an adjustment based on the full amount of the factor, 0.01 shall be subtracted from the amount of the factor, except that the factor shall not be reduced to less than 1.0. The immediately foregoing sentence shall be effective only during fiscal year 1995.”

Pub. L. 103–233, § 101(c)(2)section 1701z–11 of title 12Subsec. (d)(1)(A)(i). , inserted “(including displacement because of disposition of a multifamily housing project under )” after “displaced”.

Pub. L. 103–327Subsec. (d)(1)(A)(ii). which directed the amendment of cl. (ii) by striking “and (V)” and inserting in lieu thereof “(V) assisting families that include one or more adult members who are employed; and (VI)”, and inserting after the final semicolon “subclause (V) shall be effective only during fiscal year 1995;”, was not executed because the words “and (V)” did not appear and cl. (ii) already contains subcls. (V) and (VI). See 1992 Amendment note below.

Pub. L. 103–233, § 101(d)Subsec. (f)(1). , inserted “an agency of the Federal Government,” after “cooperative,”.

oPub. L. 103–233, § 101(c)(3)section 1701z–11 of title 12Subsec. ()(3)(B). , inserted “(including displacement because of disposition of a multifamily housing project under )” after “displaced”.

Pub. L. 103–327Subsec. (aa). temporarily added subsec. (aa), “Refinancing incentive”, which read as follows:

In general“(1) .—The Secretary may pay all or a part of the up front costs of refinancing for each project that—

“(A) is constructed, substantially rehabilitated, or moderately rehabilitated under this section;

“(B) is subject to an assistance contract under this section; and

“(C) was subject to a mortgage that has been refinanced under section 223(a)(7) or section 223(f) of the National Housing Act to lower the periodic debt service payments of the owner.

Share from reduced assistance payments“(2) .—The Secretary may pay the up front cost of refinancing only—

“(A) to the extent that funds accrue to the Secretary from the reduced assistance payments that results from the refinancing; and

“(B) after the application of amounts in accordance with section 1012 of the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Amendments Act of 1988.”

See Effective and Termination Dates of 1994 Amendment note below.

Pub. L. 102–550, § 1012(g)section 4851b of this title1992—Subsec. (c)(2)(B). , inserted at end “The Secretary may (at the discretion of the Secretary and subject to the availability of appropriations for contract amendments), on a project by project basis for projects receiving project-based assistance, provide adjustments to the maximum monthly rents to cover the costs of evaluating and reducing lead-based paint hazards, as defined in .”

Pub. L. 102–550, § 142, inserted after first sentence “The Secretary shall make additional adjustments in the maximum monthly rent for units under contract (subject to the availability of appropriations for contract amendments) to the extent the Secretary determines such adjustments are necessary to reflect increases in the actual and necessary expenses of owning and maintaining the units that have resulted from the expiration of a real property tax exemption.”

Pub. L. 102–550, § 141(a)Subsec. (c)(4). , inserted “or by a family that qualifies to receive assistance under subsection (b) of this section pursuant to section 223 or 226 of the Low-Income Housing Preservation and Resident Homeownership Act of 1990” after first comma in first sentence.

Pub. L. 102–550, § 143Subsec. (c)(9). , inserted before period at end “, and such term shall include termination of the contract for business reasons”.

Pub. L. 102–550, § 144(a)Subsec. (d)(1)(A)(ii)(V), (VI). , added subcl. (V) and redesignated former subcl. (V) as (VI).

Pub. L. 102–550, § 145Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(iii). , inserted “, any criminal activity that threatens the health, safety, or right to peaceful enjoyment of their residences by persons residing in the immediate vicinity of the premises,” before “or any drug-related” and substituted “tenant of any unit” for “public housing tenant”.

Pub. L. 102–550, § 674Subsec. (d)(2)(F). , added subpar. (F).

Pub. L. 102–550, § 682(b)Subsec. (d)(2)(G), (H). , added subpars. (G) and (H).

Pub. L. 102–550, § 660Subsec. (d)(4). , added par. (4).

Pub. L. 102–550, § 146Subsec. (f)(6), (7). , added pars. (6) and (7).

Pub. L. 102–550, § 623(b)Subsec. (i). , added subsec. (i).

oPub. L. 102–550, § 141(b)Subsec. ()(3)(A). , struck out “or” before “(iv)” and inserted before period at end “, or” and cl. (v).

oPub. L. 102–550, § 144(b)Subsec. ()(3)(B)(v), (vi). , in third sentence, added cl. (v) and redesignated former cl. (v) as (vi).

Pub. L. 102–550, § 675Subsec. (q)(3), (4). , added par. (3) and redesignated former par. (3) as (4).

Pub. L. 102–550, § 147Subsec. (r)(1). , inserted before period at end “; except that any family not living within the jurisdiction of a public housing agency at the time that such family applies for assistance from such agency shall, during the 12-month period beginning upon the receipt of any tenant-based rental assistance made available on behalf of the family, use such assistance to rent an eligible dwelling unit located within the jurisdiction served by such public housing agency”.

Pub. L. 102–550, § 148section 1437c(c) of this titleOctober 1, 1990October 1, 1991Subsec. (x)(1). , amended par. (1) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (1) read as follows: “The budget authority available under for assistance under subsection (b) of this section is authorized to be increased by $35,000,000 on or after , by $35,000,000 on or after .”

Pub. L. 102–550, § 185(a)Subsec. (y). , added subsec. (y).

Pub. L. 102–1391991—Subsec. (c)(1). inserted provisions relating to separate fair market rentals for Monroe County, Pennsylvania.

Pub. L. 101–625, § 572(1)1990—Subsec. (a). , which directed the substitution of “low-income families” for “lower income families”, was executed by making the substitution for “lower-income families” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Pub. L. 101–625, § 548(b), inserted at end “A public housing agency may contract to make assistance payments to itself (or any agency or instrumentality thereof) as the owner of dwelling units if such agency is subject to the same program requirements as are applied to other owners. In such cases, the Secretary may establish initial rents within applicable limits.”

Pub. L. 101–625, § 541(a)Subsec. (b). , inserted heading and struck out par. (1) designation preceding text.

Pub. L. 101–625, § 413(b)(1)Subsec. (b)(2). , added par. (2).

Pub. L. 101–625, § 543(b)section 12705 of this titlesection 1439(a)(5) of this titleSubsec. (c)(1). , inserted “(A)” after second reference to “fair market rental” and substituted “a housing strategy as defined in , or (B) by such higher amount as may be requested by a tenant and approved by the public housing agency in accordance with paragraph (3)(B).” for “a local housing assistance plan as defined in .”

Pub. L. 101–625, § 542Subsec. (c)(2)(B). , inserted at end “Where the Secretary determines that a project assisted under this section is located in a community where drug-related criminal activity is generally prevalent and the project’s operating, maintenance, and capital repair expenses have been substantially increased primarily as a result of the prevalence of such drug-related activity, the Secretary may (at the discretion of the Secretary and subject to the availability of appropriations for contract amendments for this purpose), on a project by project basis, provide adjustments to the maximum monthly rents, to a level no greater than 120 percent of the project rents, to cover the costs of maintenance, security, capital repairs, and reserves required for the owner to carry out a strategy acceptable to the Secretary for addressing the problem of drug-related criminal activity. Any rent comparability standard required under this paragraph may be waived by the Secretary to so implement the preceding sentence.”

Pub. L. 101–625, § 543(a)Subsec. (c)(3). , designated existing provisions as subpar. (A) and added subpar. (B).

Pub. L. 101–625, § 544Subsec. (c)(9). , inserted after first sentence “The owner’s notice shall include a statement that the owner and the Secretary may agree to a renewal of the contract, thus avoiding the termination.” and inserted at end “Within 30 days of the Secretary’s finding, the owner shall provide written notice to each tenant of the Secretary’s decision.”

Pub. L. 101–625, § 572(2)Subsec. (c)(10). , substituted “low-income housing” for “lower income housing”.

Pub. L. 101–625, § 545(a)Subsec. (d)(1)(A). , amended subpar. (A) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (A) read as follows: “the selection of tenants for such unit shall be the function of the owner, subject to the provisions of the annual contributions contract between the Secretary and the agency, except that (i) the tenant selection criteria used by the owner shall give preference to families which occupy substandard housing, are paying more than 50 per centum of family income for rent, or are involuntarily displaced at the time they are seeking assistance under this section; and (ii) the public housing agency may provide for circumstances in which families who do not qualify for any preference established in clause (i) are provided assistance before families who do qualify for such preference, except that not more than 10 percent (or such higher percentage determined by the Secretary to be necessary to ensure that public housing agencies can assist families in accordance with subsection (u)(2) of this section or determined by the Secretary to be appropriate for other good cause) of the families who initially receive assistance in any 1-year period (or such shorter period selected by the public housing agency before the beginning of its first full year subject to this clause) may be families who do not qualify for such preference;”.

Pub. L. 101–625, § 546Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(iii), (iv). , added cls. (iii) and (iv).

Pub. L. 101–625, § 552(b)Subsec. (d)(2)(A). , inserted after first sentence “The Secretary shall permit public housing agencies to enter into contracts for assistance payments of less than 12 months duration in order to avoid disruption in assistance to eligible families if the annual contributions contract is within 1 year of its expiration date.”

Pub. L. 101–625, § 613(a)(1), inserted at end “Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, a public housing agency and an applicable State agency may, on a priority basis, attach to structures not more than an additional 15 percent of the assistance provided by the public housing agency or the applicable State agency only with respect to projects assisted under a State program that permits the owner of the projects to prepay a State assisted or subsidized mortgage on the structure, except that attachment of assistance under this sentence shall be for the purpose of (i) providing incentives to owners to preserve such projects for occupancy by lower and moderate income families (for the period that assistance under this sentence is available), and (ii) to assist lower income tenants to afford any increases in rent that may be required to induce the owner to maintain occupancy in the project by lower and moderate income tenants. Any assistance provided to lower income tenants under the preceding sentence shall not be considered for purposes of the limitation under paragraph (1)(A) regarding the percentage of families that may receive assistance under this section who do not qualify for preferences under such paragraph.”

Pub. L. 101–625, § 613(a)(2)Subsec. (d)(2)(C). , inserted at end “To the extent assistance is used as provided in the penultimate sentence of subparagraph (A), the contract for assistance may, at the option of the public housing agency, have an initial term not exceeding 15 years.”

Pub. L. 101–625, § 547(c), amended subpar. (C) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (C) read as follows: “Any contract for assistance payments that is attached to a structure under this paragraph shall (at the option of the public housing agency but subject to available funds) be renewable for 2 additional 5-year terms, except that the aggregate term of the initial contract and renewals shall not exceed 15 years.”

Pub. L. 101–625, § 547(a)Subsec. (d)(2)(D), (E). , (b), added subpars. (D) and (E).

Pub. L. 101–625, § 289(b)section 42 of title 26section 1439(d) of this titleSubsec. (e)(2). , struck out par. (2) which read as follows: “For the purpose of upgrading and thereby preserving the Nation’s housing stock, the Secretary is authorized to make assistance payments under this section directly or through public housing agencies pursuant to contracts with owners or prospective owners who agree to upgrade housing so as to make and keep such housing decent, safe, and sanitary through upgrading which involves less than substantial rehabilitation, as such upgrading and rehabilitation are defined by the Secretary, and which shall involve a minimum expenditure of $3,000 for a unit, including its prorated share of work to be accomplished on common areas or systems. The Secretary is authorized to prescribe such terms and conditions for contracts entered into under this section pursuant to this paragraph as the Secretary determines to be necessary and appropriate, except that such terms and conditions, to the maximum extent feasible, shall be consistent with terms and conditions otherwise applicable with respect to other dwelling units assisted under this section. Notwithstanding subsection (c)(1) of this section, the Secretary may, in carrying out the preceding sentence, establish a maximum monthly rent (for units upgraded pursuant to this paragraph) which exceeds the fair market rental by not more than 20 per centum if such units are located in an area where the Secretary finds cost levels so require, except that the Secretary may approve maximum monthly rents which exceed the fair market rentals by more than 20 but not more than 30 per centum where the Secretary determines that special circumstances warrant such higher rent or where necessary to the implementation of a local housing assistance plan. The Secretary is also authorized to make assistance available under this section pursuant to this paragraph to any unit in a housing project which, on an overall basis, reflects the need for such upgrading. The Secretary shall increase the amount of assistance provided under this paragraph above the amount of assistance otherwise permitted by this paragraph and subsection (c)(1) of this section, if the Secretary determines such increase necessary to assist in the sale of multifamily housing projects owned by the Department of Housing and Urban Development. In order to maximize the availability of low-income housing, in providing assistance under this paragraph, the Secretary shall include in any calculation or determination regarding the amount of the assistance to be made available the extent to which any proceeds are available from any tax credits provided under (or from any syndication of such credits) with respect to the housing. For each fiscal year, the Secretary may not provide assistance pursuant to this paragraph to any project for rehabilitation of more than 100 units. Assistance pursuant to this paragraph shall be allocated according to the formula established pursuant to , and awarded pursuant to a competition under such section. The Secretary shall maintain a single listing of any assistance provided pursuant to this paragraph, which shall include a statement identifying the owner and location of the project to which assistance was made, the amount of the assistance, and the number of units assisted.”

Pub. L. 101–625, § 548(a)Subsec. (f)(1). , substituted “dwelling units” for “newly constructed or substantially rehabilitated dwelling units as described in this section”.

Pub. L. 101–625, § 549Subsec. (f)(4), (5). , added pars. (4) and (5).

Pub. L. 101–625, § 572(1)Subsec. (j)(1). , substituted “low-income families” for “lower income families” in introductory provisions.

oPub. L. 101–625, § 541(b)Subsec. (). , inserted heading.

oPub. L. 101–625, § 545(2)[(b)]Subsec. ()(3). , inserted “(A)” after “(3)”, redesignated former cls. (A) to (D) as cls. (i) to (iv), respectively, inserted “(B)” before “In selecting families”, “(including families that are homeless or living in a shelter for homeless families)” after “substandard housing”, and inserted at end “The public housing agency shall in implementing the preceding sentence establish a system of preferences in writing and after public hearing to respond to local housing needs and priorities which may include (i) assisting very low-income families who either reside in transitional housing assisted under title IV of the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act, or participate in a program designed to provide public assistance recipients with greater access to employment and educational opportunities, (ii) assisting families in accordance with subsection (u)(2) of this section; (iii) assisting families identified by local public agencies involved in providing for the welfare of children as having a lack of adequate housing that is a primary factor in the imminent placement of a child in foster care, or in preventing the discharge of a child from foster care and reunification and his or her family; (iv) assisting youth, upon discharge from foster care, in cases in which return to the family or extended family or adoption is not available; and (v) achieving other objectives of national housing policy as affirmed by Congress. Any individual or family evicted from housing assisted under the chapter by reason of drug-related criminal activity (as defined in subsection (f)(5) of this section) shall not be eligible for a preference under any provision of this subparagraph for 3 years unless the evicted tenant successfully completes a rehabilitation program approved by the Secretary (which shall include waiver for any member of a family of an individual prohibited from tenancy under this clause who the agency determines clearly did not participate in and had no knowledge of such criminal activity or when circumstances leading to eviction no longer exist).”

Pub. L. 101–625, § 413(a), added cl. (D).

oPub. L. 101–625, § 572(1)Subsec. ()(7). , substituted “low-income families” for “lower income families”.

oPub. L. 101–625, § 413(b)(2)Subsec. ()(9). , added par. (9).

oPub. L. 101–625, § 550(a)Subsec. ()(10), (11). , (c), added pars. (10) and (11).

Pub. L. 101–625, § 551Subsec. (r)(1). , substituted “the same State, or the same or a contiguous” for “the same, or a contiguous,”.

Pub. L. 101–625, § 572(1)Subsec. (u). , substituted “low-income families” for “lower income families” in introductory provisions.

Pub. L. 101–625, § 572(1)Subsec. (v)(1). , substituted “low-income families” for “lower income families”.

Pub. L. 101–625, § 603Subsec. (v)(2)(B). , which directed the substitution of “Low-Income Housing Preservation and Resident Homeownership Act of 1990” for “Emergency Low Income Housing Preservation Act of 1987” in section “89(v)(2) of the United States Housing Act of 1937”, was executed to subsec. (v)(2)(B) of this section (section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937) to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Pub. L. 101–625Subsecs. (w), (x). , §§ 552(a), 553, added subsecs. (w) and (x).

Pub. L. 101–235, § 702(g)1989—Subsec. (c)(2)(C). , substituted “quality, type, and age” for “quality and age”.

Pub. L. 101–235, § 702(c), inserted after first sentence “In implementing the limitation established under the preceding sentence, the Secretary shall establish regulations for conducting comparability studies for projects where the Secretary has reason to believe that the application of the formula adjustments under subparagraph (A) would result in such material differences. The Secretary shall conduct such studies upon the request of any owner of any project, or as the Secretary determines to be appropriate by establishing, to the extent practicable, a modified annual adjustment factor for such market area, as the Secretary shall designate, that is geographically smaller than the applicable housing area used for the establishment of the annual adjustment factor under subparagraph (A). The Secretary shall establish such modified annual adjustment factor on the basis of the results of a study conducted by the Secretary of the rents charged, and any change in such rents over the previous year, for assisted units and unassisted units of similar quality, type, and age in the smaller market area. Where the Secretary determines that such modified annual adjustment factor cannot be established or that such factor when applied to a particular project would result in material differences between the rents charged for assisted units and unassisted units of similar quality, type, and age in the same market area, the Secretary may apply an alternative methodology for conducting comparability studies in order to establish rents that are not materially different from rents charged for comparable unassisted units.”

Pub. L. 101–235, § 127(1)Subsec. (e)(2). , inserted before period at end of first sentence “, and which shall involve a minimum expenditure of $3,000 for a unit, including its prorated share of work to be accomplished on common areas or systems”.

Pub. L. 101–235, § 127(2)section 42 of title 26section 1439(d) of this title, (3), inserted at end “In order to maximize the availability of low-income housing, in providing assistance under this paragraph, the Secretary shall include in any calculation or determination regarding the amount of the assistance to be made available the extent to which any proceeds are available from any tax credits provided under (or from any syndication of such credits) with respect to the housing. For each fiscal year, the Secretary may not provide assistance pursuant to this paragraph to any project for rehabilitation of more than 100 units. Assistance pursuant to this paragraph shall be allocated according to the formula established pursuant to , and awarded pursuant to a competition under such section. The Secretary shall maintain a single listing of any assistance provided pursuant to this paragraph, which shall include a statement identifying the owner and location of the project to which assistance was made, the amount of the assistance, and the number of units assisted.”

Pub. L. 100–242, § 1411988—Subsec. (b)(1). , inserted provisions at end authorizing Secretary to enter into separate contributions contracts with each public housing agency to obligate authority approved each year, beginning with fiscal year 1988.

Pub. L. 100–242, § 142(a)Subsec. (c)(1). , inserted before last sentence “Each fair market rental in effect under this subsection shall be adjusted to be effective on October 1 of each year to reflect changes, based on the most recent available data trended so the rentals will be current for the year to which they apply, of rents for existing or newly constructed rental dwelling units, as the case may be, of various sizes and types in the market area suitable for occupancy by persons assisted under this section.”

Pub. L. 100–242, § 142(b), inserted at end “The Secretary shall establish separate fair market rentals under this paragraph for Westchester County in the State of New York.”

Pub. L. 100–242, § 142(c)(1), inserted at end “If units assisted under this section are exempt from local rent control while they are so assisted or otherwise, the maximum monthly rent for such units shall be reasonable in comparison with other units in the market area that are exempt from local rent control.”

Pub. L. 100–628, § 1004(a)(1)Subsec. (c)(2)(C). , substituted “under subparagraphs (A) and (B)” for “as hereinbefore provided”.

Pub. L. 100–628, § 1004(a)(2)April 14, 1987November 7, 1988April 15, 1987April 14, 1987April 15, 1987, inserted at end “Any maximum monthly rent that has been reduced by the Secretary after , and prior to , shall be restored to the maximum monthly rent in effect on . For any project which has had its maximum monthly rents reduced after , the Secretary shall make assistance payments (from amounts reserved for the original contract) to the owner of such project in an amount equal to the difference between the maximum monthly rents in effect on , and the reduced maximum monthly rents, multiplied by the number of months that the reduced maximum monthly rents were in effect.”

Pub. L. 100–242, § 142(c)(2), substituted “assisted units and unassisted units of similar quality and age in the same market area” for “assisted and comparable unassisted units” and inserted at end “If the Secretary or appropriate State agency does not complete and submit to the project owner a comparability study not later than 60 days before the anniversary date of the assistance contract under this section, the automatic annual adjustment factor shall be applied.”

Pub. L. 100–242, § 142(d)April 15, 1987November 30, 1983, inserted at end “The Secretary may not reduce the contract rents in effect on or after , for newly constructed, substantially rehabilitated, or moderately rehabilitated projects assisted under this section (including projects assisted under this section as in effect prior to ), unless the project has been refinanced in a manner that reduces the periodic payments of the owner.”

Pub. L. 100–242, § 142(e)Subsec. (c)(2)(D). , struck out subpar. (D) which read as follows: “Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Secretary shall limit increases in contract rents for newly constructed or substantially rehabilitated projects assisted under this section to the amount of operating cost increases incurred with respect to comparable rental dwelling units of various sizes and types in the same market area which are suitable for occupancy by families assisted under this section. Where no comparable dwelling units exist in the same market area, the Secretary shall have authority to approve such increases in accordance with the best available data regarding operating cost increases in rental dwelling units.”

Pub. L. 100–242, § 262(a)Subsec. (c)(9), (10). , (b), added pars. (9) and (10).

Pub. L. 100–628, § 1014(b)Subsec. (d)(1)(A). , inserted cl. (i) designation after “except that” and added cl. (ii) before semicolon at end.

Pub. L. 100–628, § 1005(b)(1)Subsec. (d)(2). , designated existing provisions as subpar. (A), substituted “(i)” and “(ii)” for “(A)” and “(B)” wherever appearing, and added subpar. (B).

Pub. L. 100–628, § 1005(c), added subpar. (C).

Pub. L. 100–242, § 148, inserted exception authorizing Secretary to permit public housing authority to approve attachment with respect to not more than 15 percent of assistance provided by public housing agency if requirements of cl. (B) are met.

oPub. L. 100–242, § 143(a)(1)osection 1490m of this titleSubsec. ()(1). , substituted “The Secretary may provide assistance” for “In connection with the rental rehabilitation and development program under section 1437 of this title or the rural housing preservation grant program under , or for other purposes, the Secretary is authorized to conduct a demonstration program”.

oPub. L. 100–628, § 1014(c)Subsec. ()(3). , inserted sentence at end authorizing public housing agencies to provide for circumstances in which families who do not qualify for any preference are provided assistance under this subsection before families who do qualify for such preference.

oPub. L. 100–242, § 143(a)(2)osection 1490m of this titleSubsec. ()(4). , (3), redesignated par. (5) as (4) and struck out former par. (4) which read as follows: “The Secretary shall use substantially all of the authority to enter into contracts under this subsection to make assistance payments for families residing in dwellings to be rehabilitated with assistance under section 1437 of this title and for families displaced as a result of rental housing development assisted under such section or as a result of activities assisted under .”

oPub. L. 100–242, § 143(a)(3)Subsec. ()(5). , redesignated par. (6) as (5). Former par. (5) redesignated (4).

oPub. L. 100–242, § 143(a)(3)Subsec. ()(6). , (b), redesignated par. (7) as (6), substituted “annually” for “as frequently as twice during any five-year period” in subpar. (A), and struck out subpar. (D) which directed that public housing agency consult with public and units of local government regarding impact of adjustments made under this section on the number of families that can be assisted. Former par. (6) redesignated (5).

oPub. L. 100–242, § 143(a)(3)Subsec. ()(7). , (c), redesignated par. (8) as (7), and struck out “not to exceed 5 per centum of the amount of” after “utilize”. Former par. (7) redesignated (6).

oPub. L. 100–242, § 143(a)(3)Subsec. ()(8). , (d), added par. (8). Former par. (8) redesignated (7).

Pub. L. 100–242Subsecs. (q) to (u). , §§ 144–149, added subsecs. (q) to (u).

Pub. L. 100–628, § 1006Subsec. (u)(3). , added par. (3).

Pub. L. 100–628, § 1029Subsec. (v). , redesignated par. (2) as (1) and inserted “for project-based loan management assistance”, added par. (2), and struck out former par. (1) which required that each contract entered into by Secretary for loan management assistance be for a term of 180 months.

Pub. L. 100–242, § 262(c), added subsec. (v).

Pub. L. 98–479, § 102(b)(6)1984—Subsec. (d)(2). , substituted “Where the Secretary enters into an annual contributions contract with a public housing agency pursuant to which the agency will enter into a contract for assistance payments with respect to an existing structure, the contract for assistance payments may not be attached to the structure unless (A) the Secretary and the public housing agency approve such action, and (B) the owner agrees to rehabilitate the structure other than with assistance under this chapter and otherwise complies with the requirements of this section.” for “A contract under this section may not be attached to the structure except where the Secretary specifically waives the foregoing limitation and the public housing agency approves such action, and the owner agrees to rehabilitate the structure other than with assistance under this chapter and otherwise complies with the requirements of this section. The aggregate term of such contract and any contract extension may not be more than 180 months.”

Pub. L. 98–479, § 102(b)(7)Subsec. (e)(2). , inserted at end “The Secretary shall increase the amount of assistance provided under this paragraph above the amount of assistance otherwise permitted by this paragraph and subsection (c)(1) of this section, if the Secretary determines such increase necessary to assist in the sale of multifamily housing projects owned by the Department of Housing and Urban Development.”

Pub. L. 98–479, § 102(b)(8)Subsec. (n). , substituted “subsections (b)(1) and (e)(2) of this section” for “subsection (b)(1), subsection (e)(2) of this section”.

oPub. L. 98–479, § 102(b)(9)Subsec. ()(3)(C). , added cl. (C).

oPub. L. 98–479, § 102(b)(10)Subsec. ()(7)(D). , inserted “unit of” before “general”.

Pub. L. 98–181, § 209(a)(1)1983—Subsec. (a). , substituted “existing housing” for “existing, newly constructed, and substantially rehabilitated housing”.

Pub. L. 98–181, § 209(a)(2)Aug. 13, 1981Subsec. (b)(2). , repealed par. (2) which related to authorization of assistance payments by the Secretary and contractually obligated public housing agencies for construction or substantial rehabilitation of housing, modest in design, with units for occupancy by low-income families and requirement that contracts providing housing assistance and entered into after , specify the number of units available for occupancy by eligible families.

Pub. L. 98–181, § 203(b)(1)Subsec. (d)(1)(A). , inserted “, are paying more than 50 per centum of family income for rent,”.

Pub. L. 98–181, § 208Subsec. (d)(2). , inserted second and third sentences respecting waiver of limitation and limitation of contract and any extension to prescribed period.

Pub. L. 98–181, § 209(a)(3)Subsec. (e)(1). , redesignated par. (4) as (1) and struck out former par. (1) which prescribed terms of 20 to 30 years for newly constructed or substantially rehabilitated dwelling units.

Pub. L. 98–181, § 209(a)(3)Subsec. (e)(2). , redesignated par. (5) as (2) and struck out former par. (2) which required owners to assume ownership, management, and maintenance responsibilities, including selection of tenants and termination of tenancy for newly constructed or substantially rehabilitated dwelling units.

Pub. L. 98–181, § 203(b)(2), inserted “, are paying more than 50 per centum of family income for rent,” after “substandard housing”.

Pub. L. 98–181, § 209(a)(3)section 1715z–9 of title 12Subsec. (e)(3). , struck out par. (3) which required that construction or substantial rehabilitation of dwelling units be eligible for mortgages insured under the National Housing Act and that assistance not be withheld by reason of availability of mortgage insurance under or tax-exempt status obligations used to finance the construction or rehabilitation.

Pub. L. 98–181, § 209(a)(3)Subsec. (e)(4), (5). , redesignated pars. (4) and (5) as (1) and (2), respectively.

Pub. L. 98–181, § 209(a)(4)Subsec. (i). , repealed subsec. (i) which related to contracts with respect to substantially rehabilitated dwelling units.

lPub. L. 98–181, § 209(a)(5)lSubsecs. (), (m). , repealed subsec. () relating to limitation of cost and rent increases, and subsec. (m) relating to preference for projects on suitable State and local government tracts.

Pub. L. 98–181, § 209(a)(6)Subsec. (n). , substituted “subsection (e)(2) of this section” for “subsection (e)(5) and subsection (i) of this section”.

Pub. L. 98–181, § 210(1), (2), inserted “subsection (b)(1) of this section,” before “subsection (e)(5)” and a comma after “subsection (e)(5) of this section”.

Pub. L. 98–181, § 210(3)Subsec. (n)(3). –(5), added par. (3).

oPub. L. 98–181, § 207oSubsec. (). , added subsec. ().

Pub. L. 98–181, § 211Subsec. (p). , added subsec. (p).

Pub. L. 97–351981—Subsec. (b)(2). , §§ 324(1), 325(1), inserted provisions relating to increasing housing opportunities for very low-income families and provisions relating to availability for occupancy the number of units for which assistance is committed.

Pub. L. 97–35, § 324(2)Subsec. (c)(2)(D). , added par. (D).

Pub. L. 97–35, § 322(e)(1)Subsec. (c)(3). , revised formula for computation of amount of monthly assistance and struck out authority to make reviews at least every two years in cases of elderly families.

Pub. L. 97–35, § 325(2)section 1720 of title 12Subsec. (c)(5). , inserted reference to mortgages under .

Pub. L. 97–35, § 322(e)(2)Subsec. (c)(7). , struck out par. (7) relating to percentage requirement for families with very low income and redesignated former par. (8) as (7).

Pub. L. 97–35, § 326(a)Subsec. (c)(8). , added par. (8). Former par. (8) redesignated (7).

Pub. L. 97–35, § 326(e)(1)Subsec. (d)(1)(B). , substituted provisions relating to terms and conditions, and termination of the lease by the owner for provisions relating to right of the agency to give notice to terminate and owner the right to make representation to agency for termination of the tenancy.

Pub. L. 97–35, § 322(e)(3)Subsec. (f). , struck out pars. (1) to (3) which defined “lower income families”, “very low-income families” and “income”, respectively, and redesignated pars. (4) to (6) as (1) to (3), respectively.

Pub. L. 97–35, § 322(e)(4)section 1437a(1) of this titleSubsec. (h). , (5), struck out reference to .

Pub. L. 97–35, § 329H(a)Subsec. (j). , generally revised and reorganized provisions and, as so revised and reorganized, substituted provisions relating to contracts to make assistance payments to assist lower income families by making rental assistance payments on behalf of such family, for provisions relating to annual contributions contracts to assist lower income families by making rental assistance payments.

Pub. L. 97–35, § 322(e)(6)section 1437a(a) of this titleSubsec. (j)(3). , substituted in par. (3) “the rent the family is required to pay under ” for “25 per centum of one-twelfth of the annual income of such family”.

lPub. L. 97–35, § 324(3)lSubsecs. () to (n). , added subsecs. () to (n).

Pub. L. 96–399, § 203(a)Oct. 1, 19801980—Subsec. (c)(1). , inserted provision that in the case of newly constructed and substantially rehabilitated units, the exception in the preceding sentence shall not apply to more than 20 per centum of the total amount of authority to enter into annual contributions contracts for such units which is allocated to an area and obligated with respect to any fiscal year beginning on or after .

Pub. L. 96–399, § 203(b)Subsec. (e)(5). , inserted provision relating to the authority of the Secretary, notwithstanding subsec. (c)(1) of this section, to establish monthly rent exceeding fair market rental where cost levels so require or where necessary to the implementation of a local housing assistance plan.

Pub. L. 96–399, § 308(c)(3)Subsec. (j). , substituted “manufactured home” for “mobile home” wherever appearing.

Pub. L. 96–153, § 202(b)1979—Subsec. (c)(3). , substituted new provisions for computation of the amount of monthly assistance payments with respect to dwelling units and laid down criteria to be followed by the Secretary in regard to payments to families with different income levels.

Pub. L. 96–153, § 206(b)(1)Subsec. (d)(1)(A). , substituted “Secretary and the agency, except that the tenant selection criteria used by the owner shall give preference to families which occupy substandard housing or are involuntarily displaced at the time they are seeking assistance under this section.” for “Secretary and the agency;”.

Pub. L. 96–153, § 211(b)Subsec. (e)(1). , substituted “term of less than two hundred and forty months” for “term of less than one month”.

Pub. L. 96–153, § 206(b)(2)Subsec. (e)(2). , substituted “performance of such responsibilities), except that the tenant selection criteria shall give preference to families which occupy substandard housing or are involuntarily displaced at the time they are seeking housing assistance under this section” for “performance of such responsibilities)”.

Pub. L. 96–153, § 210Subsec. (k). , added subsec. (k).

Pub. L. 95–557, § 206(e)1978—Subsec. (e)(5). , added par. (5).

Pub. L. 95–557, § 206(d)(1)Subsec. (i). , added subsec. (i).

Pub. L. 95–557, § 206(f)Subsec. (j). , added subsec. (j).

Pub. L. 95–128, § 201(c)Oct. 12, 1977section 1715z–9 of title 121977—Subsec. (c), , (d), inserted in par. (1) prohibition against high-rise elevator projects for families with children after , and struck out from par. (4) provision which prohibited payment after the sixty-day period if the unoccupied unit was in a project insured under the National Housing Act, except pursuant to .

Pub. L. 95–128, § 201(e)(1)Subsec. (d)(3). , added par. (3).

Pub. L. 95–24section 1715z–9 of title 12Subsec. (e)(1). substituted “three hundred and sixty months, except that such term may not exceed two hundred and forty months in the case of a project financed with assistance of a loan made by, or insured, guaranteed or intended for purchase by, the Federal Government, other than pursuant to ” for “two hundred and forty months” and “Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, in the case of” for “In the case of”.

Pub. L. 95–128, § 201(e)(2)Subsec. (e)(2). , inserted provision respecting the Secretary’s approval of any public housing agency for assumption of management and maintenance responsibilities of dwelling units under the preceding sentence.

Pub. L. 94–375, § 2(d)section 1715z–9 of title 121976—Subsec. (c)(4). , inserted provision extending payments to newly constructed or substantially rehabilitated unoccupied units in an amount equal to the debt service of such unit for a period not to exceed one year, provided that a good faith effort is being made to fill the unit, the unit provides decent and safe housing, the unit is not insured under the National Housing Act, except pursuant to , and the revenues from the project do not exceed the cost.

Pub. L. 94–375, § 2(g)Subsec. (e)(1). , inserted “or the Farmers’ Home Administration” after “State or local agency”.

Pub. L. 94–375, § 2(e)Subsec. (f)(6). , added par. (6).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2022 Amendment

Pub. L. 117–328Dec. 29, 2022section 601(h) of div. AA of Pub. L. 117–328section 1701q of Title 12Amendment by effective 2 years after , see , set out as a note under , Banks and Banking.

Effective Date of 2020 Amendment

section 101(b)(2) of div. Q of Pub. L. 116–260Dec. 27, 2020section 101(h) of div. Q of Pub. L. 116–260section 1701q of Title 12Amendment by effective 2 years after , see , set out as a note under , Banks and Banking.

Pub. L. 116–260Dec. 27, 2020section 103(d) of div. Q of Pub. L. 116–260section 1437a of this titleAmendment by section 103(b), (c) of div. Q of not applicable to housing choice voucher assistance made available pursuant to subsec. (x) of this section in use on behalf of an assisted family as of , see , set out as a note under .

Effective Date of 2018 Amendment

Pub. L. 115–174, title III, § 304(c)May 24, 2018132 Stat. 1339

Effective Date of 2016 Amendment

Pub. L. 114–201, title I, § 101(b)July 29, 2016130 Stat. 786

Pub. L. 114–201section 102 of Pub. L. 114–201section 102(h) of Pub. L. 114–201section 1437a of this titleJan. 1, 2017Oct. 24, 2016Jan. 1, 2024Feb. 14, 2023Feb. 28, 2023Amendment by section 102(d)–(f) of effective upon the issuance of notice or regulations by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development implementing , except that such section 102 may only take effect upon the commencement of a calendar year, see , set out as a note under . [Amendment by section 102(d) effective , based on notice issued , see 81 F.R. 73030. Amendment by section 102(e), (f) effective , based on notice issued , see 88 F.R. 9600, as corrected , 88 F.R. 12559.]

Pub. L. 114–201, title I, § 106(b)July 29, 2016130 Stat. 800

Pub. L. 114–201, title I, § 107(c)July 29, 2016130 Stat. 801

Pub. L. 114–201, title I, § 112(b)July 29, 2016130 Stat. 804

Effective Date of 2014 Amendment

Pub. L. 113–76, div. L, title II, § 220(b)Jan. 17, 2014128 Stat. 631

section 220 of Pub. L. 113–76June 25, 2014July 1, 2014[Notice implementing certain provisions of in a limited fashion was published , effective , see 79 F.R. 35940.]

Effective Date of 2010 Amendment

Pub. L. 111–203section 1400(c) of Pub. L. 111–203section 1601 of Title 15Amendment by effective on the date on which final regulations implementing that amendment take effect, or on the date that is 18 months after the designated transfer date if such regulations have not been issued by that date, see , set out as a note under , Commerce and Trade.

Termination Date of 2009 Amendment

Pub. L. 111–22, div. A, title VII, § 704May 20, 2009123 Stat. 1662Pub. L. 111–203, title XIV, § 1484(2)July 21, 2010124 Stat. 2204Pub. L. 111–22Dec. 31, 2014Pub. L. 115–174, title III, § 304(a)May 24, 2018132 Stat. 1339May 24, 2018, , , as amended by , , , which provided that title VII of div. A of (amending this section and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 5201 and 5220 of Title 12, Banks and Banking), and any amendments made by such title are repealed, and the requirements under such title shall terminate, on , was repealed by , (c), , , effective 30 days after .

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Pub. L. 110–234Pub. L. 110–246May 22, 2008Pub. L. 110–234section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246section 8701 of Title 7Amendment of this section and repeal of by effective , the date of enactment of , except as otherwise provided, see , set out as an Effective Date note under , Agriculture.

Pub. L. 110–246Oct. 1, 2008section 4407 of Pub. L. 110–246section 1161 of Title 2Amendment by section 4002(b)(1)(B), (2)(Y) of effective , see , set out as a note under , The Congress.

Effective Date of 2002 Amendment

Pub. L. 107–116Sept. 30, 2001section 603 of Pub. L. 107–116section 1715n of Title 12Amendment by effective , see , set out as a note under , Banks and Banking.

Effective Date of 2000 Amendment

Pub. L. 106–569, title III, § 301(b)Dec. 27, 2000114 Stat. 2952

Pub. L. 106–569, title IX, § 902(b)Dec. 27, 2000114 Stat. 3026

Pub. L. 106–569, title IX, § 903(b)Dec. 27, 2000114 Stat. 3026

Effective Date of 1998 Amendment

Pub. L. 105–276, title II, § 209(b)Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2485

Pub. L. 105–276Oct. 1, 1999section 503 of Pub. L. 105–276section 1437 of this titleAmendment by title V of effective and applicable beginning upon , except as otherwise provided, with provision that Secretary may implement amendment before such date, except to extent that such amendment provides otherwise, and with savings provision, see , set out as a note under .

section 514(b)(1) of Pub. L. 105–276Oct. 21, 1998section 514(g) of Pub. L. 105–276section 1701s of Title 12Amendment by effective and applicable beginning upon , see , set out as a note under , Banks and Banking.

Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 545(c)Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2604

Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 549(a)(3)Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2607

Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 554Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2611

Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 555(c)Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2613

section 565(c) of Pub. L. 105–276Oct. 21, 1998section 565(e) of Pub. L. 105–276section 1437d of this titleAmendment by effective and applicable beginning upon , see , set out as a note under .

Effective and Termination Dates of 1996 Amendments

Pub. L. 104–134, title I, § 101(e) [title II, § 203(d)]Apr. 26, 1996110 Stat. 1321–257Pub. L. 104–204, title II, § 201(e)Sept. 26, 1996110 Stat. 2893Pub. L. 105–65, title II, § 201(b)Oct. 27, 1997111 Stat. 1364

Pub. L. 104–99Jan. 26, 1996Oct. 21, 1998section 402(f) of Pub. L. 104–99section 514(f) of Pub. L. 105–276section 1437a of this titleAmendment by section 402(d)(2), (3), (6)(A)(iii), (iv) of effective , only for fiscal years 1996, 1997, and 1998, and to cease to be effective , see , as amended, and , set out as notes under .

Effective and Termination Dates of 1994 Amendment

Pub. L. 103–327Pub. L. 103–327section 1715n of Title 12Amendment by enacting subsec. (aa), effective only during fiscal year 1995, see title II in part of , set out as a note under , Banks and Banking.

Effective Date of 1992 Amendment

Pub. L. 102–550Oct. 28, 1992section 13642 of this titleAmendment by subtitles B through F of title VI [§§ 621–685] of applicable upon expiration of 6-month period beginning , except as otherwise provided, see .

Effective Date of 1990 Amendment

section 289(b)(1) of Pub. L. 101–625Oct. 1, 1991Amendment by , repealing subsec. (e)(2) of this section, effective ; however, provisions of subsec. (e)(2) to remain in effect with respect to single room occupancy dwellings as authorized by subchapter IV (§ 11361 et seq.) of chapter 119 of this title, see section 12839(a)(4), (b) of this title.

Effective Date of 1983 Amendment; Savings Provision

Pub. L. 98–181, title INov. 30, 198397 Stat. 1183

Effective Date of 1981 Amendment

Pub. L. 97–35Oct. 1, 1981Pub. L. 97–35Oct. 1, 1981section 371 of Pub. L. 97–35section 3701 of Title 12Amendments by sections 322(e) and 329H(a) of effective , and amendments by sections 324, 325, and 326(a) of applicable with respect to contracts entered into on or after , see , set out as an Effective Date note under , Banks and Banking.

Pub. L. 97–35, title III, § 326(e)(2)Aug. 13, 198195 Stat. 407

Effective Date of 1979 Amendment

section 202(b) of Pub. L. 96–153Jan. 1, 1980section 202(c) of Pub. L. 96–153section 1437a of this titleAmendment by effective , except with respect to amount of tenant contribution required of families whose occupancy commenced prior to such date, see , set out as a note under .

Effective Date of 1978 Amendment

Pub. L. 95–557, title II, § 206(d)(2)Oct. 31, 197892 Stat. 2092

Pub. L. 95–557Oct. 1, 1978section 206(h) of Pub. L. 95–557section 1437c of this titleAmendment by section 206(e), (f) of effective , see , set out as a note under .

Effective Date

Jan. 1, 1975section 201(b) of Pub. L. 93–383section 1437 of this titleSection effective not later than , see , set out as a note under .

Applicability of 1994 Amendments

Pub. L. 103–327, title IISept. 28, 1994108 Stat. 2315

Pub. L. 103–327, title IISept. 28, 1994108 Stat. 2315

Regulations and Transition Provisions

Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 559Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2615

Regulations

Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 556(b)Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 261342 U.S.C. 1437f(dd)Dec. 31, 1998Oct. 21, 1998Dec. 30, 1998Oct. 21, 1999Nov. 22, 1999, , , directed the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to implement the amendment made by subsec. (a), adding , through notice, not later than , and to issue final regulations, not later than one year after . HUD Notice 98–65 was issued , and final regulations were published in the Federal Register , effective . See 64 F.R. 56882.

Pub. L. 103–233section 101(f) of Pub. L. 103–233section 1701z–11 of Title 12For provisions requiring Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to issue regulations necessary to implement amendment to this section by , see , set out as a note under , Banks and Banking.

Oct. 28, 1992section 545 of Pub. L. 101–625section 104 of Pub. L. 102–550section 1437d of this titleFor provision requiring that not later than expiration of the 180-day period beginning , the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development shall issue regulations implementing amendments to this section by , see , set out as a note under .

Pub. L. 102–550, title I, § 149Oct. 28, 1992106 Stat. 3715

Pub. L. 102–550, title I, § 151Oct. 28, 1992106 Stat. 3716

Savings Provision

Pub. L. 106–377, § 1(a)(1) [title II, § 232(b)]Oct. 27, 2000114 Stat. 1441Pub. L. 110–28, title VI, § 6904May 25, 2007121 Stat. 185

Construction of 2022 Amendment

Pub. L. 117–328section 601(i) of div. AA of Pub. L. 117–328section 1701q of Title 12Nothing in amendment made by to be construed to preempt or limit applicability of certain State or local laws relating to smoke alarms, see , set out as a note under , Banks and Banking.

Construction of 2020 Amendment

section 101(b)(2) of Pub. L. 116–260section 101(j) of div. Q of Pub. L. 116–260section 1437a of this titleNothing in amendment made by to be construed to preempt or limit applicability of certain State or local laws relating to carbon monoxide devices, see , set out as a note under .

Restoration of Terminated Provisions

Pub. L. 115–174, title III, § 304(b)May 24, 2018132 Stat. 1339

Emergency Housing Vouchers

Pub. L. 117–2, title III, § 3202Mar. 11, 2021135 Stat. 58

Mobility Demonstration Program

Pub. L. 116–6, div. G, title II, § 235Feb. 15, 2019133 Stat. 465

Rental Assistance Demonstration

Pub. L. 112–55, div. C, title IINov. 18, 2011125 Stat. 673Pub. L. 113–76, div. L, title II, § 239Jan. 17, 2014128 Stat. 635Pub. L. 113–235, div. K, title II, § 234Dec. 16, 2014128 Stat. 2757Pub. L. 114–113, div. L, title II, § 237Dec. 18, 2015129 Stat. 2897Pub. L. 115–31, div. K, title II, § 239May 5, 2017131 Stat. 789Pub. L. 115–141, div. L, title II, § 237Mar. 23, 2018132 Stat. 1038Pub. L. 117–103, div. L, title II, § 236Mar. 15, 2022136 Stat. 763Pub. L. 118–42, div. F, title II, § 231Mar. 9, 2024138 Stat. 382

Conversion of HUD Contracts

Pub. L. 110–289, div. A, title VI, § 1603July 30, 2008122 Stat. 2825

Purposes of Mark-to-Market Extension Act of 2001

Pub. L. 107–116, title VI, § 602Jan. 10, 2002115 Stat. 2221

Pilot Program for Homeownership Assistance for Disabled Families

Pub. L. 106–569, title III, § 302Dec. 27, 2000114 Stat. 2953Dec. 27, 2000, , , authorized a public housing agency providing tenant-based assistance to provide homeownership assistance to a disabled family that purchases a dwelling unit (including a dwelling unit under a lease-purchase agreement) that will be owned by one or more members of the disabled family and will be occupied by the disabled family and required the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to issue implementing regulations not later than 90 days after .

Determination of Administrative Fees

Pub. L. 108–7, div. K, title IIFeb. 20, 2003117 Stat. 485Oct. 21, 1998, [(5)], , , which provided that the fee otherwise authorized under subsec. (q) of this section was to be determined in accordance with subsec. (q) as in effect immediately before , was from the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 2003 and was not repeated in subsequent appropriation acts. Similar provisions were contained in the following prior appropriation acts:

Pub. L. 107–73, title IINov. 26, 2001115 Stat. 660, , .

Pub. L. 106–377, § 1(a)(1) [title II]Oct. 27, 2000114 Stat. 1441, , , 1441A–12.

Pub. L. 106–74, title IIOct. 20, 1999113 Stat. 1056, , .

Homeownership Opportunities Demonstration Program

Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 555(b)Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2613

Multifamily Housing Assistance

Pub. L. 105–65, title VOct. 27, 1997111 Stat. 1385–1408Pub. L. 105–276, title VOct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2608Pub. L. 106–74, title IIOct. 20, 1999113 Stat. 1074Pub. L. 106–400, § 2Oct. 30, 2000114 Stat. 1675Pub. L. 107–116, title VIJan. 10, 2002115 Stat. 2222–2227Pub. L. 109–289, div. B, title II, § 21043(a)Pub. L. 110–5, § 2Feb. 15, 2007121 Stat. 53Pub. L. 110–289, div. A, title II, § 1216(d)July 30, 2008122 Stat. 2792Pub. L. 112–55, div. C, title II, § 237Nov. 18, 2011125 Stat. 702Pub. L. 113–235, div. K, title II, § 232Dec. 16, 2014128 Stat. 2757Pub. L. 115–141, div. L, title II, § 236Mar. 23, 2018132 Stat. 1037Pub. L. 117–328, div. L, title II, § 236Dec. 29, 2022136 Stat. 5179

Pub. L. 109–289, div. B, title II, § 21043(b)Pub. L. 110–5, § 2Feb. 15, 2007121 Stat. 53

Pub. L. 107–116, title VI, § 616(a)(2)Jan. 10, 2002115 Stat. 2225

Pub. L. 107–116, title VI, § 622(b)Jan. 10, 2002115 Stat. 2227

Pub. L. 107–116, title VI, § 623(b)Jan. 10, 2002115 Stat. 2227

Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 597(c)Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2659

GAO Report on Section 8 Rental Assistance for Multifamily Housing Projects

Pub. L. 105–65, title V, § 532Oct. 27, 1997111 Stat. 141142 U.S.C. 1437fOct. 27, 1997, , , directed the Comptroller General of the United States to report to the Congress on section 8 () rental assistance for multifamily housing projects, including an analysis of how State and local housing finance agencies had benefited from rental assistance and the effectiveness of project oversight, not later than the expiration of the 18-month period beginning on .

Administrative Fees for Certificate and Housing Voucher Programs

Pub. L. 104–204, title II, § 202Sept. 26, 1996110 Stat. 2893

Similar provisions were contained in the following prior appropriations Acts:

Pub. L. 104–99, title IV, § 403(b)Jan. 26, 1996110 Stat. 43, , .

Pub. L. 103–120, § 11(a)Oct. 27, 1993107 Stat. 1151, , .

Contract Renewals

Pub. L. 104–204, title II, § 211Sept. 26, 1996110 Stat. 2895Pub. L. 105–18, title II, § 10006June 12, 1997111 Stat. 201Pub. L. 105–65, title V, § 523(e)Oct. 27, 1997111 Stat. 1407Pub. L. 106–400, § 2Oct. 30, 2000114 Stat. 1675

Pub. L. 104–120, § 2(a)Mar. 28, 1996110 Stat. 834

Pub. L. 104–99, title IV, § 405(a)Jan. 26, 1996110 Stat. 44Pub. L. 105–65, title V, § 523(d)Oct. 27, 1997111 Stat. 1407

FHA Multifamily Demonstration Authority

Pub. L. 104–204, title II, § 212Sept. 26, 1996110 Stat. 2897Pub. L. 105–65, title V, § 523(f)Oct. 27, 1997111 Stat. 1407

Pub. L. 104–134, title I, § 101(e) [title II, § 210]Apr. 26, 1996110 Stat. 1321–257Pub. L. 104–140, § 1(a)May 2, 1996110 Stat. 1327Oct. 1, 1995Oct. 1, 1997Pub. L. 104–204, title II, § 212(a)(1)(A)Sept. 26, 1996110 Stat. 2897, , , 1321–285; renumbered title I, , , , which authorized the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development on and after , and before , to initiate a FHA multifamily demonstration program, was repealed by , , .

Public Housing Moving to Work Demonstration

Pub. L. 114–113, div. L, title II, § 239Dec. 18, 2015129 Stat. 2897Pub. L. 118–42, div. F, title II, § 241Mar. 9, 2024138 Stat. 386

Pub. L. 104–134, title I, § 101(e) [title II, § 204]Apr. 26, 1996110 Stat. 1321–257Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 522(b)(3)Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2564

Prohibition Against Preferences With Respect to Certain Projects

Pub. L. 104–99, title IV, § 402(d)(4)(B)Jan. 26, 1996110 Stat. 42

Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 514(c)(2)Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2548

Section 402(d)(4)(B) of Pub. L. 104–99Jan. 26, 1996Oct. 21, 1998section 402(f) of Pub. L. 104–99section 514(f) of Pub. L. 105–276section 1437a of this title[, set out above, effective , only for fiscal years 1996, 1997, and 1998, and to cease to be effective , see , as amended, and , set out as Effective and Termination Dates of 1996 Amendments notes under .]

Community Investment Demonstration Program

Pub. L. 103–120, § 6Oct. 27, 1993107 Stat. 1148Pub. L. 104–316, title I, § 122(j)Oct. 19, 1996110 Stat. 3837

Administrative Fees for Certificate and Housing Voucher Programs During Fiscal Year 1994

Pub. L. 103–120, § 11(a)Oct. 27, 1993107 Stat. 1151

Effectiveness of Assistance for PHA-Owned Units

Pub. L. 102–550, title I, § 150Oct. 28, 1992106 Stat. 3715

Moving to Opportunity for Fair Housing

Pub. L. 102–550, title I, § 152Oct. 28, 1992106 Stat. 3716Pub. L. 103–120, § 3Oct. 27, 1993107 Stat. 1148Sept. 30, 2004section 1437c(c) of this titlePub. L. 105–276, title V, § 550(f)Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2610, , , as amended by , , , which directed Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to carry out demonstration program in eligible cities to provide tenant-based assistance to very low-income families with children to move out of areas of high concentrations of persons living in poverty to areas with low concentrations of such persons, required biennial report to Congress evaluating effectiveness and final report not later than , provided for increased funding under to carry out demonstration, and authorized implementation by notice of requirements necessary to carry out program, was repealed by , , .

Directive to Further Fair Housing Objectives Under Certificate and Voucher Programs

Pub. L. 102–550, title I, § 153Oct. 28, 1992106 Stat. 3717Oct. 28, 1992section 558(3) of Pub. L. 101–625Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 582(a)(3)Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2643, , , which directed Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, not later than 2 years after , to review and comment upon study prepared pursuant to , formerly set out as a note below, to evaluate implementation and effects of existing demonstration and judicially mandated programs, to assess factors that might impede geographic dispersion of families receiving section 8 certificates and vouchers, to identify and implement administrative revisions that would enhance dispersion and tenant choice, and to submit report to Congress describing findings, actions taken, and recommendations, was repealed by , , .

Inapplicability of Certain 1992 Amendments to Indian Public Housing

section 623(b) of Pub. L. 102–550section 626 of Pub. L. 102–550section 1437a of this titleAmendment by not applicable with respect to lower income housing developed or operated pursuant to contract between Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and Indian housing authority, see , set out as a note under .

Termination of Existing Housing Programs

Oct. 1, 1991Oct. 1, 1991section 12839(a)(4) of this titleExcept with respect to projects and programs for which binding commitments have been entered into prior to , no new grants or loans to be made after , under subsec. (e)(2) of this section except for funds allocated under such section for single room occupancy dwellings as authorized by subchapter IV (§ 11361 et seq.) of chapter 119 of this title, see .

Public Housing Mixed Income New Communities Strategy Demonstration

Pub. L. 101–625, title V, § 522Nov. 28, 1990104 Stat. 4207Pub. L. 104–66, title I, § 1071(b)Dec. 21, 1995109 Stat. 720Pub. L. 104–99, title IV, § 402(d)(6)(B)Jan. 26, 1996110 Stat. 43Nov. 28, 1990Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 582(a)(10)Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2644, , , as amended by , , ; , , , which directed Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to carry out program to demonstrate effectiveness of promoting revitalization of troubled urban communities through provision of public housing in socioeconomically mixed settings, directed appointment of coordinating committees to develop implementation plans, set forth scope of program including provision of supportive services, required report to Congress evaluating program’s effectiveness and including findings and recommendations, and provided for termination of the program 10 years after , was repealed by , , .

Study of Public Housing Funding System

Pub. L. 101–625, title V, § 524Nov. 28, 1990104 Stat. 4215Nov. 28, 1990, , , directed Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to conduct a study assessing one or more revised methods of providing sufficient Federal funds to public housing agencies for operation, maintenance and modernization of public housing, which study was to include a comparison of existing methods of funding in public housing with those used by Department of Housing and Urban Development in housing assisted under this section and a review of results of study entitled “Alternative Operating Subsidies Systems for the Public Housing Program”, with an update of such study as necessary, and to submit a report to Congress not later than 12 months after , detailing the findings of this study.

Study of Prospective Payment System for Public Housing

Pub. L. 101–625, title V, § 525Nov. 28, 1990104 Stat. 4216Nov. 28, 1990, , , directed Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to conduct a study assessing one or more revised methods of providing Federal housing assistance through local public housing agencies, examining methods of prospective payment, including the conversion of PHA operating assistance, modernization, and other Federal housing assistance to a schedule of steady and predictable capitated Federal payments on behalf of low income public housing tenants, and making specific assessments and to submit a report to Congress not later than 12 months after .

GAO Study of Alternatives in Public Housing Development

Pub. L. 101–625, title V, § 526Nov. 28, 1990104 Stat. 4216Nov. 28, 1990, , , directed Comptroller General to conduct a study assessing alternative methods of developing public housing dwelling units, other than under the existing public housing development program under this chapter, and submit a report to Congress regarding the findings and conclusions of the study not later than 12 months after .

Preference for New Construction Under This Section

Pub. L. 101–625, title V, § 545(c)Nov. 28, 1990104 Stat. 4220Pub. L. 104–99, title IV, § 402(d)(4)(A)Jan. 26, 1996110 Stat. 42Oct. 1, 1983section 1701q of Title 12Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 514(c)(1)Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2548, , , as amended by , , , which provided that, with respect to housing constructed or substantially rehabilitated pursuant to assistance provided under subsec. (b)(2) of this section, as such provisions existed before , and projects financed under , Banks and Banking, notwithstanding tenant selection criteria under contract between Secretary and owner pursuant to first sentence of such section, for at least 70 percent of units becoming available, tenant selection criteria for such housing was to give preference to families occupying substandard housing (including homeless families and those living in shelters), paying more than 50 percent of family income for rent, or involuntarily displaced, and system of local preferences established under subsec. (d)(1)(A)(ii) of this section by public housing agency was to apply to remaining units that became available, to extent that such preferences were applicable with respect to tenant eligibility limitations, was repealed by , , .

Documentation of Excessive Rent Burdens

Pub. L. 101–625, title V, § 550(b)Nov. 28, 1990104 Stat. 4222

May 15, 2000section 550(b)(2) of Pub. L. 101–625section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66section 1113 of Title 31[For termination, effective , of reporting provisions in , set out above, see , as amended, set out as a note under , Money and Finance, and item 16 on page 103 of House Document No. 103–7.]

Income Eligibility for Tenancy in New Construction Units

Pub. L. 101–625, title V, § 555Nov. 28, 1990104 Stat. 4233

GAO Study Regarding Fair Market Rent Calculation

Pub. L. 101–625, title V, § 558Nov. 28, 1990104 Stat. 4233Nov. 28, 1990, , , directed Comptroller General to conduct a study to examine fair market rentals under subsec. (c)(1) of this section which are wholly contained within such market areas and submit a report to Congress not later than 18 months after , regarding findings and conclusions.

Study of Utilization Rates

Pub. L. 101–625, title V, § 559Nov. 28, 1990104 Stat. 4234Nov. 28, 1990, , , directed Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to conduct a study of reasons for success or failure, within appropriate cities and localities, in utilizing assistance made available for such areas under this section and submit a report to Congress concerning this study not later than the expiration of the 1-year period beginning on .

Feasibility Study Regarding Indian Tribe Eligibility for Voucher Program

Pub. L. 101–625, title V, § 561Nov. 28, 1990104 Stat. 4235oNov. 28, 1990, , , directed Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to conduct a study to determine feasibility and effectiveness of entering into contracts with Indian housing authorities to provide voucher assistance under subsec. () of this section and submit a report to Congress regarding findings and conclusions not later than the expiration of the 1-year period beginning on .

Study of Private Nonprofit Initiatives

Pub. L. 101–625, title V, § 582Nov. 28, 1990104 Stat. 4248Nov. 28, 1990, , , directed Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to conduct a study to examine how private nonprofit initiatives to provide low-income housing development in local communities across the country have succeeded, with particular emphasis on how Federal housing policy and tax structures can best promote local private nonprofit organizations involvement in low-income housing development, and submit a report to Congress regarding findings not later than 1-year after .

Preferences for Native Hawaiians on Hawaiian Homelands Under HUD Programs

Pub. L. 101–625, title IX, § 958Nov. 28, 1990104 Stat. 4422Pub. L. 102–238, § 5(b)Dec. 17, 1991105 Stat. 1910, , , which directed Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to provide preferences for housing assistance programs to native Hawaiians in subsec. (a), described assistance programs available in subsec. (b), authorized Secretary to provide mortgage insurance in certain situations in subsec. (c), and defined pertinent terms in subsec. (d), was repealed by , , .

July 9, 1921Authorization for Provision of Assistance to Programs Administered by State of Hawaii Under Act of

Pub. L. 101–625, title IX, § 962Pub. L. 102–238, § 5(a)Dec. 17, 1991105 Stat. 1909

Annual Adjustment Factors for Rents Under Lower-Income Housing Assistance Program

Pub. L. 101–235, title VIII, § 801(a)Dec. 15, 1989103 Stat. 2057–2059

Prohibition of Reduction of Contract Rents; Budget Compliance

Pub. L. 100–628, title X, § 1004(b)Nov. 7, 1988102 Stat. 3264

Project-Based Lower-Income Housing Assistance; Implementation of Program

Pub. L. 100–628, title X, § 1005(a)Nov. 7, 1988102 Stat. 3264

Project-Based Lower-Income Housing Assistance in New Construction; Regulations Implementing Program

Section 1005(b)(2) of Pub. L. 100–628

Use of Funds Recaptured From Refinancing State and Local Finance Projects

Pub. L. 100–628, title X, § 1012Nov. 7, 1988102 Stat. 3268Pub. L. 102–273, § 2(a)Apr. 21, 1992106 Stat. 113Pub. L. 102–550, title I, § 163Oct. 28, 1992106 Stat. 3722

Pub. L. 102–273, § 2(b)Apr. 21, 1992106 Stat. 113

Public Housing Comprehensive Transition Demonstration

Pub. L. 100–242, title I, § 126Feb. 5, 1988101 Stat. 1847Feb. 5, 1988Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 582(a)(8)Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2644, , , which directed Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to carry out program in 11 public housing agencies to demonstrate effectiveness of providing services to ensure transition of public housing residents to private housing, set forth requirements of program, and required interim report to Congress not later than 2 years after , and final report not later than 60 days after termination of program 7 years after such date, was repealed by , , .

Nondiscrimination Against Section 8 Certificate Holders and Voucher Holders

Pub. L. 100–242, title I, § 183(c)Feb. 5, 1988101 Stat. 1872Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 582(a)(2)Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2643, , , which prohibited owner of subsidized project to refuse to lease dwelling unit to holder of certificate of eligibility or voucher under this section, where proximate cause of refusal was status of prospective tenant as holder of such certificate or voucher, was repealed by , , .

Withdrawal by Owners, Developers, and Sponsors From Programs Under This Section; Survey and Determination of Number; Notification of Rent Increases; Report to Congress; Regulations To Prevent Conflict of Interest on the Part of Federal, State, and Local Officials; Recovery of Legal Expenses; Contents of Annual Report

Pub. L. 97–35, title III, § 326(b)Aug. 13, 198195 Stat. 406Pub. L. 102–550, title I, § 129(a)Oct. 28, 1992106 Stat. 3711Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 582(a)(4)Oct. 21, 1998112 Stat. 2643

Pub. L. 102–550, title I, § 129(b)Oct. 28, 1992106 Stat. 3712

Study by Secretary Concerning Feasibility of Minimum Rent Payment Requirements

Pub. L. 96–153, title II, § 212Dec. 21, 197993 Stat. 1110Mar. 1, 1980, , , directed the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to conduct a study of the feasibility and financial desirability of requiring minimum rent payments from tenants in low-income housing assisted under this chapter, and to submit a report to the Congress containing the findings and conclusions of such study not later than ten days after the Budget for fiscal year 1981 is transmitted pursuant to section 11 of former Title 31, Money and Finance, and directed the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to conduct a study to provide detailed comparisons between the rents paid by tenants occupying low-income housing assisted under this chapter and the rents paid by tenants at the same income level who are not in assisted housing and to transmit a report on such study to the Congress not later than .

Study of Alternative Means of Encouraging the Development of Housing

Pub. L. 95–557, title II, § 208Oct. 31, 197892 Stat. 2095Oct. 31, 1978, , , directed that Secretary of Housing and Urban Development conduct a study for purpose of examining alternative means of encouraging development of housing to be assisted under this section for occupancy by large families which reside in areas with a low-vacancy rate in rental housing and report to Congress no later than one year after , for purpose of providing legislative recommendations with respect to this study.

Taxation of Interest Paid on Obligations Secured by Insured Mortgage and Issued by Public Agency

Pub. L. 93–383, title III, § 319(b)Aug. 22, 197488 Stat. 686Pub. L. 99–514, § 2Oct. 22, 1986100 Stat. 2095

Rental or Income Contributions; Use of Special Schedules of Required Payments for Participants in Mutual Help Projects Contributing Labor, Etc.

Pub. L. 93–383, title II, § 203Aug. 22, 197488 Stat. 668